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Biomedical subjects

D V Parums

Publications and source records attributed to D V Parums.

29 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Characterisation of inflammatory cells associated with "idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis".

During ureterolysis in a patient with "idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis", fresh samples of peri-ureteric and peri-aortic tissue were obtained. An abdominal CT scan confirmed the peri-aortic distribution of the inflammation associated with advanced abdominal aortic atherosclerosis. Histology confirmed the presence of fibrosis and a variable chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate. Monoclonal antibodies were used to identify the inflammatory cells. B and T lymphocytes were present with the majority of T lymphocytes of the T helper phenotype. The majority of lymphocytes and macrophages and most vascular endothelial cells were HLA-DR positive. Ki67 and BerH2 staining was found in B cells and T helper cells, indicating that these cells were proliferating and activated. These findings compare with the characterisation of inflammatory cells associated with "inflammatory aneurysms" and with the inflammatory cells present in the spectrum of inflammation seen as a complication of advanced atherosclerosis--conditions known as "chronic peri-aortitis". It is suggested that our findings support the view that idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis represents clinical chronic peri-aortitis seen in an undilated aorta.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Extent of mesorectal spread and involvement of lateral resection margin as prognostic factors after surgery for rectal cancer.

The extent of tumour growth beyond the muscularis propria (mesorectal spread) was measured in specimens from 167 consecutive patients with rectal cancer. The 5-year survival was significantly greater in patients with slight mesorectal spread (4 mm or less) than in those with more extensive mesorectal spread (55% [95% confidence interval 42-66%] vs 25% [13-38%]). The prognostic value for survival of mesorectal spread was independent of the presence of lymphnode metastases. There were also significant differences in survival between patients with slight and extensive mesorectal spread among patients with Dukes' stage B tumours (66% [41-82%] vs 37% [14-60%]) and those with Dukes' stage C tumours (30% [12-52%] vs 18% [6-34%]). Thus mesorectal spread of rectal cancer is an important determinant of survival, and its accurate measurement may serve to subdivide Dukes' B and C cases. In this study tumour involvement of the lateral resection margin was not a useful predictor of local recurrence, but it did correlate with poor prognosis.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical characterization of inflammatory cells associated with advanced atherosclerosis.

During repair of 12 atherosclerotic abdominal aortic aneurysms, fresh samples of aneurysm wall were obtained. Histology confirmed the presence of advanced atherosclerosis associated with medial thinning and a variable aortic adventitial chronic inflammatory cell infiltrate. Monoclonal antibodies were used to identify the inflammatory cells throughout the aortic wall. The majority of lymphocytes in the aortic adventitia were B-cells. B-cells were not present in atheromatous plaques. T-cells, predominantly T-helper cells, were found in atheromatous plaques and in aortic adventitia. The majority of lymphocytes and macrophages in aortic adventitia and most vascular endothelial cells were HLA-DR positive. Ki-67 staining was found in B-cells and T-helper cells, indicating that these cells were proliferating. Occasional lymphocytes were BerH2 positive, indicating that some lymphocytes were activated. These findings suggest that chronic periaortitis is an active, immunologically mediated, local complication of advanced human atherosclerosis.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

The spectrum of chronic periaortitis.

A review of the histology of 440 sections of atherosclerotic aortas and arteries showed that 85% contained advanced atherosclerotic plaques. Of these, 92% showed some degree of adventitial inflammation with subclinical chronic periaortitis in 49%. A review of 20 cases of clinical chronic periaortitis, which included 12 cases of inflammatory aneurysm and 8 cases of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis, showed that there were no significant differences between them apart from an increase in aortic diameter in the former. The term chronic periaortitis is appropriate for the spectrum of subclinical and clinical forms of chronic adventitial inflammation associated with advanced atherosclerosis and medial thinning.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

JC70: a new monoclonal antibody that detects vascular endothelium associated antigen on routinely processed tissue sections.

A new monoclonal antibody, JC70, raised against a membrane preparation from a spleen affected by hairy cell leukaemia, recognises a membrane bound glycoprotein identical with that of the CD31 group of monoclonal antibodies. The antibody stains a fixation resistant epitope on endothelial cells in benign and malignant conditions in a wide variety of paraffin wax embedded tissue. JC70 stained malignant endothelial cells in 10 angiosarcomas with more consistency than monoclonal or polyclonal antibodies to factor VIII related antigen (FVIII-Rag). In four cases of Kaposi's sarcoma the antibody stained malignant endothelial cells but not spindle cells. It is concluded that antibody JC70 is of value for studying benign and malignant human vascular disorders in routinely processed tissue.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Characterization of inflammatory cells in a patient with chronic periaortitis.

During repair of an inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysm, fresh samples of the aneurysm wall were obtained. Histology confirmed the diagnosis of chronic periaortitis,- advanced atherosclerosis with medial attenuation, and periaortic inflammation. Monoclonal antibodies were used to identify the cells of the inflammatory infiltrate. The majority of the adventitial lymphocytes were B cells. No B cells were present in the atheroma. The majority of mature plasma cells contained IgG with a few plasma cells containing IgM. T cells, predominantly T helper cells, were found in the atheroma and adventitia. Positive DR staining was shown by the majority of lymphocytes, by macrophage-like cells in germinal centers of lymphoid follicles in the adventitia, by some vascular endothelial cells, and by some smooth muscle cells. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1990

Serum antibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein and ceroid in chronic periaortitis.

The incidence of serum antibodies to human low-density lipoprotein, to oxidized low-density lipoprotein, and to ceroid extracted from human atheroma was assessed in 100 subjects using an adaptation of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. Patients with chronic periaortitis, subclinical chronic periaortitis, and ischemic heart disease, and "elderly control" individuals were compared with young, healthy adults. Provided that precautions were taken to prevent oxidation of the low-density lipoprotein during the assay, antibodies were not found to native human low-density lipoprotein. Antibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein or ceroid, usually both, were detected in all 20 patients with clinical chronic periaortitis, in 17 of 20 patients with subclinical chronic periaortitis, in 12 of 20 patients with ischemic heart disease, and in 10 of 20 elderly control subjects. Binding inhibition studies showed cross-reactions between oxidized low-density lipoprotein and ceroid. Western blotting after sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that in some patients with clinical chronic periaortitis, these antibodies were directed against breakdown products of apolipoprotein B that resulted from oxidation of low-density lipoprotein. Antibodies to oxidized low-density lipoprotein or ceroid were not detected in healthy young adults. These findings show that chronic periaortitis is accompanied by autoallergy to ceroid, which is probably at least partly composed of low-density lipoprotein oxidized within the human atherosclerotic plaque, and that a number of middle-aged and elderly people without chronic periaortitis also have such antibodies.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

The localisation of immunoglobulin in chronic periaortitis.

An immunohistochemical study was undertaken in an attempt to localise immunoglobulin in sections of human advanced atherosclerosis with thinning of the media (sub-clinical periaortitis) and without thinning of the media as well as sections of artery from patients with clinical periaortitis. The findings were that in routinely processed sections of advanced atherosclerosis showing medial attenuation and in sections from cases of clinical periaortitis IgG, and to a lesser extent IgM, was localised to insoluble lipid, ceroid, within the atheroma itself. It is suggested that these observations support the hypothesis that chronic periaortitis has an auto-allergic cause and that the allergen may be a component of ceroid, which is elaborated within the atheroma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Storage of donor long saphenous vein.

Donor homograft vein is sometimes used in vascular surgery when autograft vein is not available. The optimum mode of storage remains controversial. An ideal solution would cause cellular disruption and thus decrease the immunogenicity of the donor vein, and allow a preserved collagen matrix and basement membrane, required to maintain the structure. Human donor vein was stored in normal saline at 4 degrees C, glycerol at 4 degrees C, liquid nitrogen and at -50 degrees C. The veins were examined at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days of storage using light microscopy, histochemistry, transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Vein stored at 4 degrees C in normal saline fulfilled the two requirements of preservation of the basement membrane and collagen matrix of the vein with loss of the cellular elements. We conclude, that in morphological terms this is the best mode of preservation. However further in vitro and in vivo studies are necessary.

Cryopreservation↗