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Biomedical subjects

D Tscholakoff

Publications and source records attributed to D Tscholakoff.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Sonography of the thyroid gland with high-resolution real-time equipment].

The results of sonography of thyroid glands in 131 patients were compared with the findings on palpation and from scintigrams. High resolution sonography is the most accurate method of examination for demonstrating changes in the thyroid. In 40% cases sonography demonstrated lesions additional to the single abnormality found clinically. In 10% cases a suspected thyroid abnormality on palpation proved to be due to extra thyroid disease. Evaluation of the number, size and localisation of space-occupying lesions by means of sonography is superior to all other kinds of investigation. It is, however, not possible to determine whether a lesion is benign. An attempt has been made to define the usefulness of thyroid sonography and its place during routine diagnosis.

Female↗
PubMed1985

Cardiac transplantations in dogs: evaluation with MR.

To assess the potential of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging as an early predictor of cardiac transplant rejection, electrocardiogram-gated (ECG-gated) MR imaging was performed in 12 dogs with heterotopic cardiac transplants. Twenty-two examinations were performed in vivo, and ten postmortem examinations were performed immediately after the dogs were killed. Examinations were performed from 3 days to 14 weeks after transplantation. A 0.35-T superconducting magnet was used with the spin-echo pulse sequence. There was a significant increase (P less than .02 to P less than .001) in T2 relaxation times and intensity values for the transplanted hearts compared with native hearts at all time intervals after transplantation. T1 relaxation times of native and transplanted hearts showed no significant difference on the in vivo ECG-gated studies. However, T1 values calculated on post-mortem studies were significantly longer (P less than .005) in the transplanted compared with the native hearts. With longer pulse repetition and echo delay times, there was an increase in the contrast between the rejecting transplanted heart and the native heart. Thus, ECG-gated MR imaging using the spin-echo technique displays cardiac allograft rejection in vivo. The rejected myocardium in vivo is characterized by a prolonged T2 relaxation time.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Value of ultrasound study in lymphomas of the neck].

In order to determine the value of high resolution ultrasonic procedures in the diagnosis of lymphomas of the neck, a comparative study of palpation, sonography and the surgical findings was undertaken. 42 patients were studied and 210 criteria evaluated. The error incidence was found to be 23.8% for palpation, 4.8% for the sonography and 1% for the combination of the two methods. The suprasonic procedure can detect a lymphoma from 5 mm. on, whereas palpation is only possible upward of 15 mm. Therefore, high resolution sonography enables a more precise evaluation and diagnosis of lymphomas of the neck. It facilitates the locating of the lymphomas during surgery and also allows the differentiation to the large vessels of the neck preoperatively. Thus, sonography of the neck is of high informative value there is no physical inconvenience or stress for the patient, and it is easy and quick to administer.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

[Nonvisualization of the gallbladder lumen by sonography].

Out of 12 000 sonographic examinations of the abdomen in 211 cases the gallbladder was not visualized. The retrospective analysis of 41 patients revealed in 75% gallstones, in 15% space occupying lesions (4 carcinomas, 1 abscess, 1 sludge). In 10% the sonography gave a false positive result. The reasons are discussed.

Abscess↗
PubMed1984

[Sonography and scintigraphy in the differential diagnosis of diffuse liver parenchymal diseases].

70 patients with established diffuse liver disease (steatosis, fibrosis, cirrhosis) were investigated by sonography and scintigraphy. Sonographic parenchymal morphology and scintigraphic activity pattern were correlated with the histological diagnosis. Scintigraphy as a functional diagnostic technique revealed early fibrotic changes of the liver not seen by ultrasound. Cirrhosis could be demonstrated equally by both methods. The two major advances of ultrasound were: high accuracy in steatosis and ability of simultaneous analysis of the other abdominal organs.

Celiac Disease↗
PubMed1984

[Real-time sonography of the skull in the newborn].

The results of 293 examinations of the skull by sonography in 170 newborn are presented. In 73 patients the results could be compared with the findings on CT or at post mortem. In 48%, abnormal sonograms of the skull were obtained, due to congenital abnormalities, hydrocephalus or intracerebral bleeds. High accuracy and wide application make real time sonography the diagnostic procedure of first choice for the examination of the brain of the newborn. An attempt has been made to determine the optimum time for the examination and suitable intervals for follow-up.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
PubMed1984

[Mirizzi syndrome: a sonographic diagnosis?].

The ultrasound appearances of 11 patients with operatively confirmed Mirizzi syndrome have been analysed. The trio 'dilated intrahepatic bile ducts, concretions in the neighbourhood of the dilated common hepatic duct with a normal distal duct' permit the diagnosis of the Mirizzi syndrome with considerable certainty. In five patients these features were found by sonography and no other diagnostic procedure was necessary. In six patients, ERC was carried out in order to evaluate the distal common bile duct. In one case PTC was carried out, since the liver hilum could not be seen on sonography.

Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic↗
PubMed1984

Adenomectomy in a patient on regular dialysis treatment.

A 55-year-old patient presented with terminal renal insufficiency caused by lower urinary tract obstruction due to prostatic adenoma. The case history of the patient on regular dialysis treatment was complicated by recurrent, therapy-resistant urinary tract infections accompanied by septic fever outbreaks and anemic relapses. Following suprapubic transvesical adenomectomy, no fever episodes, negative urine cultures and improvement in the anemic condition were all noted. Due to the fact that the upper age limit for acceptance into a hemodialysis program and possible kidney transplantation has been raised, it is important to note that an increasing number of men with prostatic adenomas may be encountered in these collectives. Dialysis patients require successful treatment of urinary tract obstructions prior to transplantation. Immunosuppressive therapy which follows transplantation increases the risk of infection which can endanger the graft and the patient's life.

Humans↗
PubMed1984

Acquired cystic disease of the kidneys in chronic hemodialyzed and renal transplant patients.

In this study, the appearance of renal cysts in 43 chronic hemodialyzed patients (mean duration of dialysis treatment: 26.3 months) was investigated by sonography with a high resolution (3.5 MHz) sector scanner. In an investigation of the patients' own kidneys, 23 renal transplant patients (mean observation time: 51.3 months after transplantation; mean dialysis treatment before transplantation: 22.8 months) were also studied by sonography. Cysts could be demonstrated in 21 of 43 (49%) patients on maintenance hemodialysis. In 10 of these patients a previous investigation at the beginning of dialysis did not demonstrate any cysts. The diameter of the cysts varied between 5 and 30 mm. With regard to the duration of dialysis, cysts could be demonstrated by sonography in 9 of 23 (39%) dialyzed patients, with a maximum dialysis duration of 2 years, and in 12 of 20 (60%) patients who had been dialyzed for more than 2 years. The development of acquired cystic disease of the kidneys in dialysis patients seems to be promoted by the longer survival of uremic patients. Cysts could be found in the patients' own kidneys in only 4 of 23 (17%) renal transplant patients. The difference in the demonstration of cysts between patients on maintenance hemodialysis and renal transplant patients was statistically significant. This suggests that cystic transformation may possibly be a reversible process.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Radiologic and endoscopic correlation in Crohn's disease of the colon].

A comparative assessment was carried out in 47 patients with double-contrast irrigoscopy (DCI), colonoscopy and endoscopy, the confirmed diagnosis being Crohn's disease in each of the patients. However, the histological finding of Crohn's disease was established in 19% only of the endoscopic biopsies. DCI enabled a more comprehensive assessment of the entire colon than was possible via endoscopy, since the right half of the colon could be visualized in less than 50% of the patients by the endoscopic method, whereas roentgenologic visualization of this part of the colon was possible in more than 90% of the patients. There was good agreement in respect of parts of the colon visualized both via endoscopy and via x-ray examination. As far as the assessment of deeper mucosal lesions was concerned, radiology proved superior, whereas endoscopy offered advantages in respect of changes on the level of the mucosa.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1983

[Sonographic problems in the assessment of abdominal aortic aneurysms].

Ultrasound has taken a solid position in the diagnostic management of aneurysms of the abdominal aorta as it is a non-invasive, simple and quickly practicable method with a low expenditure. After clinical examination ultrasound holds the second place in the sequence of various diagnostic procedures in the case of an aneurysm of abdominal aorta. Diagnostic problems are demonstrated in the sonographic judgement of aortic aneurysms. 42 patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm have been evaluated in relation to the sonographic features of the aneurysm.

Aged↗
PubMed1983

[Rare cause of ureteral obstruction following renal transplantation].

The case of a 22-year-old man with an urinary tract obstruction which developed 4 weeks after renal transplantation is reported. Ureteral obstruction was caused by the ductus deferens, a very rare cause of ureteral obstruction. The importance of ultrasound examination as a very convenient, noninvasive method in the differential diagnosis of possible complications after renal transplantation is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Prostatic adenomectomy in dialysis patients].

A case of a 55-year old patient is presented with terminal renal insufficiency and a massive prostatic adenoma causing urinary tract obstruction. The case history of the patient on mandatory dialysis was complicated by recurrent, therapy resistant urinary tract infections accompanied by septic fever outbreaks and anemic relapses. Following suprapubic transvesical adenomectomy, no fever episodes, negative urine cultures and improvement in the anemic condition were all noted. Due to the fact that the upper age limit for acceptance into a hemodialysis program and possible kidney transplantation has been raised, it is important to note that patients with prostatic adenomas may be frequently encountered. Dialysis patients require successful treatment of urinary tract obstructions prior to transplantation. Immunosuppressive therapy which follows transplantation increases risk of infection which can endanger the graft and the patient's life.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1983

[Results of double-contrast examination of the colon].

Experiences and results of double-contrast enemas are reported. The accuracy of double-contrast enemas is proved by 500 consecutive investigations. Correlation of endoscopic and roentgenologic investigations showed, that the double-contrast enema is a reliable method concerning the detection of polyps, carcinomas and inflammatory colon diseases. Advantages and disadvantages of roentgenology and endoscopy of the colon are discussed.

Cecal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

[Cystic renal changes in chronic hemodialysed patients].

In this study we investigated the appearance of renal cysts in 43 chronic hemodialyzed patients using ultrasound (3.5 MHz-sector scanner). The mean age of the patients was 45 years, and the mean duration of dialysis was 26.3 months. In 21 patients (= 49%) cysts could be found. In 10 of these patients a former investigation at beginning of dialysis did not demonstrate any cystic lesions. The diameter of the cysts varied between 5 and 30 mm. Considering the duration of dialysis, in 9 (= 39%) out of 23 patients with a maximum duration of dialysis of 2 years cysts could be demonstrated by ultrasound, and in 12 (= 60%) of 20 patients, who had been dialysed for more than 2 years. The clinical impact of the demonstration of such cysts was recently reported in cases which developed complications like tumour formation or severe bleeding.

Adult↗