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Biomedical subjects

D Trace

Publications and source records attributed to D Trace.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

An empirical study of the Health Status Questionnaire System for use in patient-computer interaction.

Patient involvement in the health care process is very important to any attempt to improve health care quality and patient satisfaction. Although many computerized medical record systems have been introduced, physicians are the only players in the process of data collection and interpretation. A computerized version of the Health Status Questionnaire has been developed to provide a simple, inexpensive method of direct patient entry into the medical record. The system philosophy emphasizes user-centered design and an empirical study was conducted with one hundred twelve outpatients to evaluate the interface aspects of the system as well as the hardware preference of the patients. Statistical analysis indicate that the patients involved in the study rated the user interface of the Health Status Questionnaire System highly. The study also revealed that a considerable number of the general population still have negative preconceptions about their ability to handle a computer or similar looking machinery. When they were asked to use a desktop computer with a mouse, 26 out of 50 patients refused, while 61 out of 62 agreed to use a hand-held pen computer.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMed1995

Estradiol interacts with gastric or postgastric food stimuli to decrease sucrose ingestion in ovariectomized rats.

The sham feeding preparation was used to determine whether systemic estradiol administration inhibits the intake of 0.8 M sucrose of ovariectomized rats by decreasing the potency of pregastric controls of ingestion. During real feeding, significant reductions in the sucrose intake of estradiol-treated rats appeared within 5-6 min. In contrast, estradiol had no effect on sham feeding at any time. The lack of effect of estradiol on sham feeding indicates that pregastric stimuli are not sufficient to mediate the inhibitory effect of estradiol on feeding in ovariectomized rats. Rather, because estradiol did inhibit real feeding, gastric and/or postgastric food stimuli are necessary for this inhibitory effect. The rapid onset of estradiol's inhibitory effect on real feeding suggests that these postingestive stimuli are selective for controls of the initial phase of the meal.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Cyclic estradiol replacement increases the satiety effect of CCK-8 in ovariectomized rats.

The influence of cyclic ovarian hormone replacement therapy on the satiety effect of exogenous CCK-8 was determined to investigate the mechanism mediating the preestrous decrease in meal size in female rats. Once weekly, food-deprived ovariectomized rats were IP injected with 0.5-4 micrograms/kg CCK-8 and offered 0.4-0.8 M sucrose 52 h after the second of two daily SC injections of 2.5 or 10 micrograms estradiol benzoate or vehicle and 4 h after 500 mg progesterone or vehicle. In each of three tests, estradiol significantly increased CCK-8's inhibitory effect on sucrose intake. In contrast, progesterone alone or in combination with estradiol did not consistently influence the satiating potency of CCK-8. The interaction of estradiol and CCK-8 was clearest for the dose of 4 micrograms/kg CCK-8. The interaction occurred during diurnal tests and during dark-onset tests in which estradiol did not decrease baseline sucrose intake. These results demonstrate that a cyclic regimen of estradiol replacement in ovariectomized rats is sufficient to enhance the satiating effect of exogenous CCK-8 and that simultaneous progesterone treatment does not influence this effect. Potentiation of the satiating effect of CCK released from the small intestine by ingested food may be one of the mechanisms by which food intake decreases during the period of high estrogen concentration in the estrus cycle.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Education review: applied medical informatics--informatics in medical education.

The importance of informatics training within a health sciences program is well recognized and is being implemented on an increasing scale. At Chicago Medical School (CMS), the Informatics program incorporates information technology at every stage of medical education. First-year students are offered an elective in computer topics that concentrate on basic computer literacy. Second-year students learn information management such as entry and information retrieval skills. For example, during the Introduction to Clinical Medicine course, the student is exposed to the Intelligent Medical Record-Entry (IMR-E), allowing the student to enter and organize information gathered from patient encounters. In the third year, students in the Internal Medicine rotation at Norwalk Hospital use Macintosh power books to enter and manage their patients. Patient data gathered by the student are stored in a local server in Norwalk Hospital. In the final year, we teach students the role of informatics in clinical decision making. The present senior class at CMS has been exposed to the power of medical informatics tools for several years. The use of these informatics tools at the point of care is stressed.

Attitude to Computers↗
PubMed1993

Intelligent Medical Record--entry (IMR-E).

This paper describes an automated medical record designed to allow providers to enter patient data at the point of care. The system runs on PCs and Macintoshes and uses a graphical user interface and object-oriented programming to take advantage of current mouse and pen technologies. The provider acquires all relevant patient data by pointing and clicking at selections on input screens, many of which contain anatomical drawings to help the provider quickly and accurately describe patient findings. The system also generates a grammatically correct progress note using the problem-oriented structure. Furthermore, items identified in the assessment and plans portion of the program can be ported to expert systems for medical decisions assistance or to billing systems. The system allows the provider to obtain the necessary information on a focused patient visit in less than 5 min or to enter a complete history and physical.

Artificial Intelligence↗
PubMed1992

Informatics Workup.

We introduce the concept of a Medical Informatics Workup performed by fourth year medical students working in a busy inner-city Emergency Room. These students use portable computers (Macintosh PowerBook 170s connected to a removable cartridge hard drive and CD-ROM drive) to do the patient workups. The PowerBook 170 contains the automated medical record entry software (IMR-E), five expert system software packages, and a program that allows the PowerBook to emulate a PC-compatible computer. With this configuration the student has a portable system that allows for the creation of a computerized medical record at the patient's bedside, along with the ability to analyze the data and generate a list of differential diagnoses.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1991

A test selection module for MEDAS.

A test selection module to recommend proper tests to the physician during the diagnostic process has been added to MEDAS (the Medical Emergency Decision Assistance System). Test selection is an important part of the diagnostic process. This module can use either diagnostic hypotheses set up by the physician or derive its own diagnostic hypotheses from the differential diagnosis. This module recommends pertinent questions to be asked about the patient's history and physical examination and recommends laboratory and radiological tests. The recommended tests are presented in two different ways: as individual tests and as groups of sequential tests.

Algorithms↗