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Biomedical subjects

D Thomson

Publications and source records attributed to D Thomson.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Respiration, circulation and anaesthetic management in obesity. Investigation before and after jejunoileal bypass.

Some ventilatory and circulatory parameters were studied in 17 very obese patients before and after weight reduction following jejunoileal bypass. A low vital capacity and signs of impaired lung function with intrapulmonary shunting, increased alveolar-arterial Po2 difference and low Pao2 were found. Although the spirometric values improved significantly after weight reduction, the ventilatory disturbance persisted. A normal response to inhalation of CO2 was seen. The total blood volume was high and did not change after weight reduction. However, if calculated as blood volume per kg body weight, the values were lower than normal, and they increased as a consequence of weight reduction. Cardiac output was slightly lower than normal in relation to oxygen consumption. Total peripheral resistance was normal. Arterial blood pressure, which was in the high normal range preoperatively, decreased significantly after weight reduction. Total doses of intravenous anaesthetic agents and muscle relaxants were the same as for patients of normal weight. The importance of preoperative evaluation and of respiratory care of obese patients undergoing elective surgery is stressed.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effect of penicillamine on the kidney.

Twenty patients with rheumatoid arthritis developing proteinuria when being treated with penicillamine have been studied. In 5 the proteinuria was mild and resolved rapidly. Eleven of the remaining patients have undergone renal biopsy. One was found to have amyloidosis, and in the other 10 there was evidence of an immune complex type of injury, manifested by a granular immunoglobulin deposition within glomerular capillary walls associated with subepithelial deposits, found on electron microscopy. The proteinuria associated with this was mild (mean 2.6 g per 24 h) and occurred on average some eight months after commencing therapy (range 6 weeks to 60 months).

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Uptake and transport of Imposil by the glomerular mesangium in the mouse.

The mesangial uptake and transport of particulate material has been studied using an iron-dextran complex, Imposil, as a tracer particle. The tracer was given as a single dose into the tail vein of the mouse, and animals were killed at intervals from 5 minutes to 48 hours. Light and electron microscopy showed that the iron-dextran complex was initially taken into the matrix channels of the mesangium from which it progressed over the course of 8 hours to the matrix of the juxtaglomerular apparatus and intercellular spaces of the macula densa. This delineated a continuous functional pathway from the glomerular capillary lumen to the macula densa cells of the distal tubule for material taken up by the mesangium. It is suggested that the products of inflammatory lesions in the glomerulus could affect the secretory function of the granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus as it would appear that such products must circulate in the immediate environment of these cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Significance of urinary C3 excretion in glomerulonephritis.

The third component of complement (C3) was measured in the urine of 98 patients with a variety of renal diseases. Renal biopsy was performed on 83 of the patients and examined by light, electron, and immunofluorescence microscopy. Urinary C3 was detected in cases of membranous glomerulonephritis, mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, and renal amuloidosis. It was not detected in minimal lesion glomerulonephritis; in cases of proliferative glomerulonephritis it was detected only in those showing histological evidence of a progressive lesion. Concentrations were low or undetectable in cases of non-immunological renal diseases. There was a good correlation between urinary C3 concentrations and the deposition of C3 in glomerular capillary walls, as seen by immunofluorescence microscopy, and there was no correlation with the degree or selectivity of proteinuria. Urinary C3 excretion appears to be an accurate indicator of continuing activity of disease. It is suggested that the presence of C3 in urine is due to complement fixation by immune complexes in glomerular capillary walls, and that urinary C3 estimations have potential applications in the study of glomerulonephritis.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1976

Spontaneous thrombosis of a giant cerebral aneurysm in five days. Report of a case.

This single case report describes a large (giant) left internal carotid aneurysm that showed a very marked decrease in the size of its lumen on reevaluation 5 days after the initial arteriogram. A review of the literature found only 5 cases of spontaneous thrombosis documented by arteriography and only one involved a giant aneurysm. Follow-up arteriography however, may show this rare occurrence and eliminate unwarranted surgery.

Humans↗
PubMed1975

A simple technique for the determination of the ventilatory response to rising arterial CO2 tensions, suitable for patients with neurological disorders.

Patients with neurological disorders may have a reduced ventilatory response to a rising PaCO2. This is often unpredictable and may become apparent only when other complications, e.g. infections (pneumonia), occur or when the patient is subjected to general anaesthesia. This paper described a simple method suitable for screening patients who may have an impaired capacity of eliminating CO2 when stressed. Ventilatory changes were determined during the continuous recording of the CO2 concentration in end-tidal air in 20 healthy subjects, who were breathing first air and then gas mixtures containing 21% O2 and 2.5 or 5% CO2. A prediction interval with 90 and 95% probability limits was constructed for healthy individuals. The normally expected change in minute ventilation per m2 body surface area per change in PACO2 (delta versicle E/m2, l/min/delta PACO2, for this technique is also given.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

A study of immunoglobulin M antibody to measles, canine distemper, and rinderpest viruses in sera of patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

Seven boys were studied who had the clinical features of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and whose brain histology was consistent with SSPE. Measles antigen was detected in the seven brains by the direct fluorescent antibody method. Three out of the seven boys had in their sera measles specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) which was detected by the indirect fluorescent antibody method, and the cell receptors for it were acetone stable. A prozone effect was noted in the sera of two patients. The absorption of one patient's serum with Staphylococcus aureus to reduce the titre of immunoglobulin G (IgG) removed the prozone effect. Two of the boys who had high titres of measles specific IgM also had serum IgM which reacted with canine distemper virus antigen but the titres were eightfold lower. None of the boys had detectable rinderpest specific IgM in their sera.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1975

The role of colostrum in glomerulonephritis of Finnish Landrace lambs: effect of cross-fostering newly born Finnish Landrace and Cheviot lambs.

Newly-born Finnish Landrace and Cheviot lambs were cross-fostered to determine the role of colostrum in the development of mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis of the Finnish Landrace breed. Severe glomerulonephritis occurred in four Finnish Landrace lambs reared by their own dams. One of six siblings of affected lambs, all reared by Cheviot foster mothers, developed a milder focal form of the disease. No glomerulonephritis occurred in three Cheviot lambs reared by Finnish Landrace foster mothers whose own naturally reared lambs died of the disease. An artificially reared colostrum-free Finnish Landrace lamb became severely affected, though its naturally reared sibling had no renal disease in sequential biopsies. It is concluded that colostrum has no primary role in the development of the disease.

Animals↗