Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Sutton

Publications and source records attributed to D Sutton.

68 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Sudden death in infant primates from induced laryngeal occlusion.

Thirteen infant and juvenile monkeys and baboons were studied in procedures designed to assess the functional characteristics of the upper airway, with special attention to the consequences of laryngeal nerve stimulation. In young animals, stimulation of the recurrent laryngeal nerve produced closure of the airway in sufficient degree and duration to cause death. Older juvenile monkeys were resistant to fatal laryngospasm induced by nerve stimulation. A variety of patterns of general autonomic response accompanied the airway changes. These results are consistent with (1) a laryngospasm hypothesis to account for certain terminal events in sudden infant death syndrome, and (2) prior observations of age-related general autonomic stability.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1976

Dimensions of the infant monkey upper airway.

Upper airways of infant Macaque monkeys were measured with respect to twenty-one dimensions of endocasts. Measurements were tabulated and plotted against age and body weight. Dimensions of the upper airway of these animals are characterized by variability.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

The radiological diagnosis of adrenal tumours.

The radiological diagnosis of adrenal tumours is reviewed with special reference to the literature and the author's personal experience. The clinical presentation varies widely with the different pathology and radiological investigation is decided largely by clinical assessment. The various methods of investigation are related to the individual problems with special reference to arteriography and phlebography. Thirteen cases of Conn's tumour have been diagnosed by adrenal phlebography and 18 cases of phaeochromocytoma have been investigated by arteriography. These cases are reviewed in detail.

Addison Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Brainstem auditory pathway degeneration associated with chronic cochlear implants in the monkey.

The form and pattern of first-order and transsynaptic degeneration in the central auditory pathway was studied in monkeys following inner ear stimulation by a cochlear implant. Multielectrode, scala tympani, and modiolar systems were implanted; in some cases, neomycin was perfused into the cochlea to destroy the organ of Corti at the time of implantation. The monkeys were maintained chronically for 5 to 120 weeks, then the cochleas and brainstems were examined histologically. The extent of spiral ganglion cell loss across animals showed variability, reflecting the different procedures and devices used. The degree and distribution of spiral ganglion cell loss was related to the degree and distribution of neural degeneration seen in the cochlear nucleus in all cases. Peripheral damage progressed toward the cochlear apex as survival time increased, and this progression was reflected in the cochlear nucleus by a ventrolateral shift in the locus of degeneration over time. In addition, evidence for transneuronal degeneration was seen at the superior olive, the lateral lemniscus and the inferior colliculus. Our findings indicate that several factors inherent in the use of a cochlear prosthesis, i.e., insertion trauma, host reaction, and/or electrical stimulation, may be associated with a long-term, continuing process of central degeneration visible at several levels of the auditory system.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical experience with the tracheoesophageal anastomosis for intractable aspiration.

Clinical experience in six patients in whom the tracheoesophageal diversion procedure or a modification thereof has been performed is presented. Two of these patients have been reconstructed with resulting normal laryngeal and esophageal function. Three of the patients have successfully undergone tracheoesophageal anastomosis and are candidates for reconstruction. One patient in whom the tracheoesophageal anastomosis has been present for 2 1/2 years may never demonstrate neurological return sufficient for reversal of the procedure. On the basis of these six cases, we consider the tracheoesophageal anastomosis to be an effective, yet reversible, procedure for intractable aspiration.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Contralaterally elicited electrical stimulation of paralyzed facial muscles.

Functional electrical stimulation is being explored in the extremities. A major obstacle is found in programming the firing sequence. In 1976, David Zealear proposed using the activity on the normal side in axial muscle pairs that normally function symmetrically to act as a template to control the stimulator. This method was demonstrated in laryngeal muscles in dogs, and is now demonstrated in the face with future applications being proposed. The facial nerve on one side was sectioned in a series of rabbits. Implanted electrodes received electrical potentials from selected muscles on the normal side. Bursts of electrical activity on the normal side during a blink or a twitch were used to trigger a muscle stimulator, which was routed to matching muscles on the paralyzed side. This technique restored symmetric function to the hemiparalyzed side. This technique restored symmetric function to the hemiparalyzed face.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The haemodynamic effects of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

The aim of the study was to measure the haemodynamic effect of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA). Twenty-one consecutive patients with unilateral stenosis of the iliac (n = 13) or femoropopliteal arteries (n = 8) causing intermittent claudication were studied with ankle and brachial systolic pressure measurements before and after PTA and at six monthly intervals. In 15 patients, the pressures were measured not only at rest, but after exercise on a standard treadmill. There were six technical failures. All of the remaining patients were improved clinically and objectively. The resting pressure index increased from mean (+/- ISD) of 0.65 +/- 0.22 to 0.88 +/- 0.17 and the postexercise index from 0.43 +/- 0.21 to 0.82 +/- 0.22. The preoperative claudication distance was improved from 83 m +/- 31 to 252 m +/- 104 and the recovery time from 6.3 mins +/- 5.7 to 1.5 mins +/- 2.3. During the follow up period of six weeks to 2 1/2 years, the initial improvement was maintained and there were no failures clinically or on further Doppler examination. The results suggest that for patient with a single significant stenosis, PTA is an effective alternative method of treating claudication.

Aged↗