Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Sompolinsky

Publications and source records attributed to D Sompolinsky.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Immunologically induced purulent anterior segment inflammation of the guinea pig eye.

A single conjunctival application of ovalbumin to inbred guinea pigs (IMM/S 209) immunized with the same antigen in Freund's complete adjuvant provoked an acute purulent inflammation of the anterior segment of the eyes with a duration of up to 1 week. Intense conjunctival injection and chemosis were followed by a purulent discharge. A corneal haze was observed regularly, and a considerable proportion of the animals developed a pronounced pannus and corneal ulcers. Tear fluid cytology revealed a rapid increase in cell concentration, from the normal level (less than 10(8)/l) to greater than 10(11)/l. Seventy to 95% of the cells were polymorphonuclear leukocytes. Histological examination revealed an acute inflammatory reaction which radiated from the conjunctival fornices to the entire anterior segments of the eyes. The process was characterized by an intense oedema, vasodilation and perivascular aggregations of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and to a lesser extent eosinophilic granulocytes which characteristically infiltrated and penetrated the epithelial layers. Neovascularization could be observed early after challenge in the stroma of all parts of the outer eye. Ulcerations of the conjunctival and corneal epithelia were observed frequently. After a number of reiterations of the antigenic challenge, a marked infiltration with lymphocytes and basophils/mast cells was observed, and significant scarring of the conjunctival mucosa developed. In several animals, a slight, but significant co-reaction of the contra-lateral, non-challenged eye was observed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Genetic control of eosinophilia in guinea pig strains inbred for high or low bronchial allergic reactivity. 2. A genetic study of spontaneous and immunization-induced eosinophilia.

In 4 inbred strains of guinea pig the tendency to develop peripheral high-eosinophilia was shown to be genetically controlled. The development of eosinophilia with age and following immunization was examined in high- and low-eosinophilic parental strains, in F1-hybrids and in backcross offspring. The results show that probably only one or a very few segregating genes control eosinophilia, and they also indicate that different genes are involved in the determination of spontaneous (age-related) and immunization-induced eosinophilia.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Circulatory basophilia in guinea pigs with delayed-type hypersensitivity. Topical antigenic provocation induces circulatory basophilia.

Circulatory basophilia could be induced in inbred guinea pigs systematically immunized with ovalbumin and consequently provoked repeatedly with dissolved ovalbumin applied onto the mucosa of the nares or the outer eye. The degree of the increase in circulatory basophil granulocytes depended on the adjuvant used and was significantly more pronounced after immunization with Freund's complete adjuvant than with alhydrogel (Al(OH)3). The degree of basophilia was also dependent on the animal strain, but different in two strains selected for high-asthma trait.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1992

Genetic control of eosinophilia in guinea pig strains inbred for high or low bronchial allergic reactivity.

Development of eosinophilia was studied in four strains of guinea pigs (gp), selectively bred for either high or low respiratory anaphylactic reactivity. One high-asthma strain (IMM/S 209) and one low-asthma strain (IMM/R 203) developed spontaneous high blood eosinophilia. The 2 other gp strains - one high-asthma strain (IMM/S 740) and one low-asthma strain (IMM/R 201-16) - maintained normal low levels of eosinophilic granulocytes (eos). The levels of eos in various tissues showed similar differences between the gp strains. Following immunization with ovalbumin/Al(OH)3 the levels of blood eos increased significantly only in gp of strain 209. The blood eos levels in gp of all 4 strains decreased significantly following immunization with ovalbumin in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA).

Aging↗
PubMed1979

Further studies of a new pathogenic mycobacterium (M. haemophilum sp. nov.).

Mycobacterium haemophilum is an acid-fast rod-shaped organism, originally isolated from deep subcutaneous granulomata of a patient with Hodgkin's disease. Like the other two mycobacterial skin-pathogens, M. ulcerans and M. marinum, M. haemophilum has a maximum temperature for growth below 37 degrees C. Mycobacterium haemophilum is distinguished from all other species examined by its requirement of haemin for growth and its complete lack of catalase activity. Extraneous catalase cannot replace haemin as a growth factor for this organism. Mycobacterium haemophilum can also be differentiated from other species by the patterns of electrophoresis of protein extracts and by gas-liquid chromatography of saponificated and methylated lipid extracts. A monospecific-agglutinating antiserum against M. haemophilum was obtained by adsorption of an immunoserum with M. intracellulare. A number of slow-growing mycobacterial species develop on monolayers of McCoy fibroblasts, and growth on these tissue cultures can be observed much earlier than on artificial media. Mycobacterium haemophilum is characterized by exclusively intracellular development.

Aerobiosis↗
PubMed1978

A case of listeriosis in pregnancy with fetal survival.

Listeriosis during pregnancy is generally considered to result in an intrauterine infection which affects the fetus before birth or in the perinatal period. A case of listeriosis in a 38-yr-old diabetic woman with an influenza-like disease in her 32nd wk of pregnancy is presented. Two successive blood cultures were positive for Listeria monocytogenes type 4b and her serum showed a rising titer for agglutinins to this organism. After antibiotic treatment of the patient she gave birth to a healthy child.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Transport of tetracyclines through the bacterial cell membrane assayed by fluorescence: a study with susceptible and resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

The fluorescence of 12 tetracyclines in buffered solutions was measured by excitation at 400 nm and emission at 520 nm. The fluorescence varied markedly for different tetracyclines at equivalent concentrations. Demethylchlortetracycline exhibited more fluorescence than both chlortetracycline and demthyltetracycline; minocycline was virtually non-fluorescent at the conditions of the study. Fluorescence was highly dependent on the polarity of the solvent; when the buffer solution in water was replaced by a solvent containing 50% methanol, fluorescence increased significantly, but to various degrees for different tetracyclines. The most striking influence of the addition of methanol was observed for doxycycline (5-oxy 6-deoxy-tetracycline), whereas the influence on anhydrotetracycline was negligible. When suspensions of a susceptible strain of Staphylococcus aureus were added to solutions of tetracyclines, membrane permeation of the drugs could be monitored by an increase in fluorescence. This increase varied strikingly with the different drugs and could not be correlated with the concentrations for 50% growth inhibition (Ki). This might be due to the quantitative variations in the intracellular level corresponding to a certain external concentration of the respective drug. When tetracycline-resistant strains of S. aureus and Escherichia coli were exposed to tetracycline, the intensity of fluorescence observed was less than for the corresponding susceptible strains; in spite of this, the quantitative differences of fluorescence exhibited by the susceptible and resistant strains seemed slight in relation to the differences in susceptibility. It was demonstrated that minocycline inhibits the membrane transport of tetracycline in S. aureus and E. coli. This inhibition seems to be competitive for S. aureus, but not for E. coli.

Biological Transport↗
PubMed1977

Lymphocutaneous nocardiosis due to nocardia brasiliensis.

A farmer had chaining lymphocutaneous granuloma on the right hand and arm. Clinically the syndrome seemed typical for sporotrichosis. Bacteriological examination revealed Nocardia brasiliensis as the only etiologic agent. Since 1920, eight similar cases of sporotrichoid nocardiosis have been reported from various parts of the world. To our knowledge, isolation of N brasiliensis has not been reported previously in this geographical area.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1976

[Chlamydia].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Chlamydia↗
PubMed1976

Isolation and characterization of tetracycline resistance proteins from Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.

Immunoglobulin (adsorbed resistance antiserum) reacting specifically with antigens from tetracycline (Tc)-resistant Staphylcoccus aureus or Escherichia coli was produced by adsorbing immunoglobulin against cell envelopes of resistant strains with envelope extracts from the respective isogenic susceptible strains. Adsorbed resistance antiserum against S. aureus reacted with envelope extracts from 32 Tc-resistant strains and failed to react with similar extracts from 76 Tc-susceptible strains of S. aureus. An antigen (Tc resistance antigen [TRA]) found only in Tc-resistant strains was produced by adsorbing envelope extracts from these strains with immunoglobulin against envelopes from isogenic Tc-susceptible strains. On immunodiffusion no cross-reactivity between TRAs from S. aureus and E. coli was observed. The TRAs behaved as proteins. The molecular weight of TRA from S. aureus was determined to be 32,000 and from E. coli to be 50,000. Data obtained by preliminary amino acid analysis of the TRAs are presented.

Antigens, Bacterial↗
PubMed1976

Biological and ecological investigations on thiamineless dwarf-colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus of bovine udder origin.

Thiamineless dwarf-colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus (D strains) were compared with their homologous normal-colony variants and with normal S aureus. The majority of D strains tested in vitro exhibited biological features typical of S aureus. D strains, however, produced lower titres of alpha-haemolysin and this toxin was also produced by a smaller proportion of these strains. D strains and S aureus strains were equally susceptible to disinfectants used in dairy farming and were isolated with similar frequency from the skin of the udders of infected cows. Attempts at inducing and selecting D strains from normal S aureus by exposing the latter to antibiotics in vitro and in vivo have so far failed.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Studies on the pathogenicity of thiamineless dwarf-colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the bovine udder.

The pathogenic characteristics of thiamineless dwarf-colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus (D strains) were compared with those of normal S aureus isolated from the bovine udder. Intravenous injection of D strains into embryonated hen's eggs and intracranial inoculations into mice produced similar results to those with normal S aureus. Intramammary infusion of D strains into normal cows resulted in mastitis which was indistinguishable from the type produced by infusion of S aureus. Intramuscular injection of thiamine HCl into cows with chronic mastitis due to D strains did not alter the course of the disease, although normal sized S aureus colonies were isolated several days after thiamine injection.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Isolation of Mycoplasma from the placenta after cesarean section.

Placentas obtained at cesarean section were cultured for Mycoplasma and other microorganisms in 123 randomly selected patients in order to evaluate the incidence of Mycoplasma, to identify factors which may contribute to their presence, and to correlate their presence with the occurrence of postpartum infection. Twenty-eight placentas (22.8%) yielded Mycoplasma positive cultures. The incidence of Mycoplasma in the placenta was significantly higher in patients with ruptured membranes. The incidence of postpartum fever was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) in cases positive for Mycoplasma as compared to cases in which the placenta was negative for Mycoplasma. Findings were similar for both groups with regard to the incidence of unexplained postpartum fever. The results of this study suggest that Mycoplasma may be considered a relatively frequent pathogen and should be considered a possible cause of postpartum fever.

Cesarean Section↗