Biomedical subjects
D Smith
Publications and source records attributed to D Smith.
Functional properties of subsets of T lymphocytes defined by specific antigens.
Heteroantisera raised to the acute lymphocytic T (ALL) cell line HSB2 and to Sézary cells react with distinct subpopulations of T lymphocytes. Each antiserum reacts with a different T cell antigen and defines a distinct subpopulation that represents approximately 50% of peripheral blood T lymphocytes. The anti-HSB2-positive subpopulation contained suppressor cells for pokeweed mitogen-dependent immunoglobin (Ig) synthesis whereas the anti-Sézary cell serum-positive population included helper cells for Ig synthesis and mixed lymphocyte responder cells.
The prevalence of alimentary helminthiasis and its association with nutritional status in children under five years old in the highlands of Papua New Guinea.
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Suicide in a remote preliterate society in the highlands of Papua New Guinea.
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Nasal carriage of pathogenic bacteria in Kalauna Village, Goodenough Island.
Nasal swabs from 62 villagers of Kalauna, Goodenough Island were cultured. Streptococcus pneumoniae was isolated from 16 of 25 adults (64%) and 36 of 37 children (97%). Significant regional clustering of prevalent pneumococcal serotypes were seen among families in core hamlets. Five of 20 adults (20%) and 30 of 37 children (81%) grew Haemophilus influenzae all of which were biotypable. A variety of faecal Gram negative bacilli comprising enterobacteria, Alcaligenes species and an aeromonad were isolated from 30 of 62 (48%) swabs.
Otitis media in the Highlands of Papua New Guinea.
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Triage and transfer: preparing for a strike.
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The lumbar spinal canal in children. Part I: The sagittal diameter.
The sagittal diameter of the lumbar spinal canal has been measured on the radiographs of 100 children in age groups from three to fourteen years, both ages included. Corrections have been made for the factors of magnification, leading to the conclusion that the diameter does not vary significantly in the different age groups. The values correspond well to those given in previous anatomical investigations based upon adult skeletal material. The belief that the sagittal diameter increases in childhood appears to be due to disregard of the radiological enlargement. An hour-glass like shape of the lumbar spinal canal with narrowing at the third and fourth lumbar levels is present already from the age of 3.
Mitotic EBNA-positive lymphocytes in peripheral blood during infectious mononucleosis.
Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is usually a benign lymphoproliferative disease caused by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Although EBV induces a state of continuous proliferation in infected B lymphocytes in vitro, the most prominent lymphoproliferation during IM is of activated, or atypical, T lymphocytes presumably responding to the virus or virus-infected cells. However, EBV genome-carrying cells are known to be circulating during IM, as cultured peripheral blood leukocytes from patients with the disease give rise to continuous lymphoblastoid cell lines, each cell of which contains the EBV genome and expresses the EBV determined nuclear antigen (EBNA). The proposal that EBV-infected cells in IM blood are not endowed with enhanced growth potential but are merely latently infected is supported by demonstrations that cells infected in vivo enter a viral replicative cycle when placed in vitro and that most cell lines derived from cultured lymphocytes of IM patients are infected by virus released in vitro. However the cells could also be capable of proliferation in vivo, since virus production and transformation are not mutually exclusive properties of EBV-transformed cells. Recently, EBNA has been detected in a very small fraction of peripheral blood lymphocytes of IM patients after T cells were first removed and this has been interpreted to indicate that cell transformation occurs in vivo during IM. The isolation of colonies of EBNA-positive cells from IM blood leukocytes cultures in soft agar suggests that at least some infected cells are capable of direct outgrowth into transformed cells. We report here direct evidence that circulating EBV-infected cells exhibit increased growth properties during IM.
Gas chromatography mass spectrometry computer analysis of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons in man and his environment--A multimedia environmental study.
As part of a study to make a comparative analysis of selected halogenated compounds in man and the environmental media, a quantitative gas chromatography mass spectrometric analysis of the levels of the halogenated compounds found in the breath, blood and urine of an exposed population (Old Love Canal area, Niagara, New York) and their immediate environment (air and water) was undertaken. In addition, levels of halogenated hydrocarbons in air samples taken in the general Buffalo, Niagara Falls area were determined.
Basal ganglia calcification on CT scanning in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia.
Calcification occurring in the basal ganglia in children with acute lymphocyte leukemia following therapy is uncommon and to the best of our knowledge has not been reported prior to therapy. Eleven cases of bilateral symmetrical calcification in the basal ganglia were noted in 2350 CT scans, two being in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia. In one of the two cases, calcification was present prior to therapy.
Rat self administration of ethanol: enhancement by darkness and exogenous melatonin.
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Behavior and personality changes in emotionally disturbed children enrolled in a psychoeducational day treatment center.
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Ovum retention in the human.
Two cases of ovum retention occurring in postovulatory follicles are described. The ova were recovered at laparoscopy by aspiration of decompressed ovulatory follicles, one during a natural cycle and the other following a programmed clomiphene/human chorionic gonadotropin cycle. Each patient had a normal luteal phase with an increased progesterone level indicative of ovulation. The implications of these findings and their relevance to human fertility studies are discussed.
In vivo or in vitro treatments with anti-I-J alloantisera abolish immunity to AKR leukemia.
This paper provides evidence for the involvement of immune mechanisms in conferring resistance to a spontaneous AKR leukemia. It is shown that genes in the B, J, or E subregions of the H-2 complex confer resistance to a spontaneously arisen, tissue culture-adapted AKR thymoma, BW5147. A direct correlation is demonstrated between survival to injected BW5147 cells and humoral responsiveness in various hybrids obtained from crosses of AKR mice and C57BL/10 or C3H/DiSn derived congeneic strains differing at H-2. Cellular immunity appears to play no role in resistance to the proliferation of tumor cells. It is further established that development of effective humoral immunity depends on B cells and Ly-1+, 2-, 3- helper T-cells bearing the I-Jk phenotype. These findings seem directly applicable to the spontaneous disease, and results of studies using transformed cells from an overtly leukemic AKR mouse parallel those obtained using BW1547 cells.
Breath hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4) excretion patterns in normal man and in clinical practice.
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The effect of several alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists on the response to histamine in various tissues.
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