Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D Slater.
Two cases of fatal systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with cerebral involvement are described. Both showed widespread microinfarction of the brain secondary to platelet and fibrin thrombi. There was no evidence of vasculitis. Anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs may have an important role in the management of cerebral SLE.
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Fatal haemopericardium occurred in a 14-year-old boy after rupture of a pulmonary artery aneurysm. Persistent ductus arteriosus with severe pulmonary hypertension was confirmed by cardiac catheterisation when he was 4 weeks old. Attempted closure of the ductus at 4 years had not been possible because of apparent high pulmonary resistance. Exercise tolerance had been good enough to permit competitive horse riding up to the day of death. Light and electron microsocpy showed widespread cystic medionecrosis of the elastic pulmonary arteries.
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Two patients with profound decrease of alpha1-antitrypsin (PiZZ) presented with severe pannicultis (Weber-Christian disease); one had systemic panniculitis including pancreatitis. Another possible case is quoted from the literature. Although milder forms of panniculitis can have normal Pi phenotypes and alpha1-antitrypsin levels, the marked reduction of antiproteolytic activity found in PiZZ homozygotes may predispose to or aggravate the lesions of Weber-Christian disease.
Pancreatic acinar tissue and islets of Langerhans have been isolated using a collagenase technique from Agus rats and transplanted separately into the liver of diabetic and nondiabetic isogeneic Agus and allogenic PVG/C rats. Livers were removed on days 1, 2, 4, 7 and 14 and examined histologically. Transplanted isogeneic islets showed no evidence of cellular infiltration and the beta cells appeared fully granulated. Transplanted allogeneic islets in non-diabetic recipients were surrounded by a mononuclear cellular infiltrate on day 2 and this became maximal by day 4. Although initially fully granulated, beta cells became degranulated on day 7 and by day 14 only small fragments of islet tissue remained. In allogeneic diabetic recipients the cellular infiltrate appeared less dense; beta cells appeared incompletely granulated from days 1 to 4 and a transient fatty degeneration occurred in the hepatic parenchuma around islets.
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Autotransplantation of testicular tissue was performed in inbred mice to subcutaneous trunk, ear lobe and intraperitoneal sites. The results were assessed after 3 months by determining the weights of seminal vesicle and penis and by the histological appearances of the grafts and seminal vesicles. Intraperitoneal implantation produced maximal effects and as little as 5 mg of testicular tissue could be grafted with demonstrable androgenic action on the host. Spermatogenic tissue atrophied in all cases but interstitial cells were shown to survive and function 3 months after subcutaneous grafting following 48 hours ischaemia in 3 degrees C, 12 hours at 21 degrees C and 3 hours at 37 degrees C.
We compared the efficacy of timolol maleate ophthalmic gel-forming solution 0.5% QD with that of levobunolol hydrochloride 0.5% BID, as measured by change in intraocular pressure (IOP), effect on heart rate, and ocular tolerability. The study had a positive-controlled, double-masked, randomized, multicenter, 12-week, two-period (6 weeks each), crossover design. One hundred fifty-two patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension were randomized to receive either timolol maleate gel-forming solution QD or levobunolol BID for 6 weeks, followed by a crossover to the alternate treatment. IOP and heart rate were measured at morning trough and peak during weeks 3, 6, 9, and 12. Timolol maleate gel-forming solution QD was comparable to levobunolol BID in reducing IOP at peak and trough. Although the effects on peak heart rate were similar between the two medications, the effect on trough heart rate of timolol maleate gel-forming solution QD was significantly less than that of levobunolol BID (P = 0.001). The incidence of ocular burning and stinging was comparable between the two treatments. Patients experienced significantly more blurred vision when using timolol maleate gel-forming solution than when using levobunolol (P = 0.013). Overall, more patients experienced at least one adverse event when using timolol maleate gel-forming solution. Timolol maleate gel-forming solution QD is as efficacious in reducing IOP as levobunolol BID.
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