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Biomedical subjects

D Shoham

Publications and source records attributed to D Shoham.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Influenza surveillance in Israel, 1976--77.

An influenza surveillance program developed and conducted in three districts in Israel during winter 1976--77, was based mainly on morbidity data in the general population, corroborated by sero-epidemiologic surveys on selected groups. This information was supplemented by data on mortality organized according to specific age groups. During the period under study, similar results were observed in each of the three districts surveyed. Two successive waves of influenza were recorded: an early wave due to B/Hong Kong/5/72 followed by an A/Victoria/3/75 outbreak. Both waves were of moderate extent, with the highest frequency of clinical influenza occurring in the youngest group, age 0--14 years. The age-specific mortality rates were highest and rather similar in the extreme age groups 65+ and 0. The search of A/New Jersey/8/76 antibody revealed a considerable proportion of positives with a higher titer in the older age groups. A special serologic survey among Yemenite Jews over 50 years of age, who immigrated to Israel in 1949, showed that the 1918 influenza pandemic also reached that isolated country. The surveillance program provided an early warning system as well as a rather accurate measurement of influenza impact in Israel.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Growth of human marrow in plasma clot diffusion chambers.

Unseparated as well as nonadherent human bone marrow cells produced colonies while suspended within plasma clots contained within diffusion chambers implanted into irradiated mice. The majority of colonies consisted of granulocytes or macrophages. Colony size was significantly increased by the administration of endotoxin prior to implantation of the chambers.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1978

Comparison of tritiated thymidine labeling and suicide indices in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.

Leukemic cells were obtained from the bone marrow or peripheral blood of patients with acute myelocytic leukemia or one of its variants. The tritiated thymidine labeling index of the leukemic cells and the suicide index of the cells that produce clusters in vitro were compared. The suicide index was 5 times greater than the labeling index (S.E.) [54 +/- 8% versus 12 +/- 3%], demonstrating the presence of a highly proliferative subpopulation of leukemic cells (in vitro colony-forming unit) among the relatively slowly proliferating leukemic cells. Since the leukemic in vitro colony-forming unit appears to be the progenitor of the recognizable leukemic cell population, the proliferative characteristics of the recognizable leukemic cells may not be reflective of that of leukemic stem cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Lupus erythematosus cells in pleural effusion: the initial manifestation of procainamide-induced lupus erythematosus.

A 63-year-old man developed an asymptomatic pleural effusion following the administration of 500 gm of procainamide hydrochloride over a six-month period. The diagnosis was initially suggested by the finding of lupus erythematosus cells in the pleural fluid. Lupus erythematosus cells and antinuclear antibodies appeared in the blood two months later and remained for a period of six months. The diagnosis was corroborated by the presence of antibodies to denatured DNA, but not to native DNA.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1976

A study of the nature of "hairy" cells, with emphasis on enzymatic markers.

Studies of peripheral blood, bone marrow, and spleen cells from three patients with hairy-cell leukemia were performed. Two of the three patients had well-organized cytoplasmic, ribosome-lamellar inclusions in their leukemic cells. Blast transformation and 3H-thymidine incorporation of lymphocytes seemed to fall within normal ranges when the findings were related to the absolute numbers of lymphocytes. The enzymatic markers demonstrated in hairy cells-strong acid phosphatase activity in endoplasmic reticulum and lysosomes, marked alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase reaction, and weak beta-glucuronidase activity-as well as their phagocytosis of latex particles, indicate a common origin with monocytes or histiocytes. No decisive results were obtained by immunofluorescence. Evaluation of the significance of the formation by hairy cells of mouse erythrocyte rosettes, as well as the presence of the typical hair-like projections, may require additional knowledge concerning the membrane of these cells.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1975

Clonal proliferation of PHA-stimulated human lymphocytes in soft agar culture.

The purpose of this investigation was the induction of clonal proliferation of PHA-stimulated normal human lymphocytes using a two-layer soft agar technique. Essential conditions for colony formation include preceding sensitization of lymphocytes with PHA, and continuous presence of PHA in the soft agar culture. Two types of colonies developed: large colonies which appeared 3-4 days after seeding and comprised, after 5-6 days, 200-500 cells, and small colonies which were seen after 6-7 days of culture, resulting in production of 50-150 cells. Morphological study showed that all cells were blast-like and the mitotic index exceeded that in liquid medium by a factor of 50. Comparison between the number of colonies developing from cultured bone marrow and spleen cells with those from peripheral blood showed that, in proportion to the number of lymphocytes seeded, a larger number of colonies developed from bone marrow cells and a lower number of colonies developed from spleen cells. The time required for sensitization of lymphocytes in liquid medium with PHA was found to be no less than 12 hours. The greatest number of colonies appeared when the optimal concentration of PHA was placed in the lower agar layer. A linear relation between the number of cells seeded and the number of resulting colonies was found. One out of 2 X 10(3) or 3 X 10(3) lymphocytes in peripheral blood has the potential to develop as colony. The rosette-forming ability and morphological identification of the cells suggest that the colonies are composed of T lymphocytes.

Agar↗