Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Shah

Publications and source records attributed to D Shah.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Biliary cystadenocarcinoma of extrahepatic duct origin arising in previously benign cystadenoma.

A case of biliary cystadenocarcinoma arising from the common hepatic duct in a 47-yr-old woman who had two previous attempts at cure by local excision of a then-benign biliary cystadenoma is reported, adding further evidence that resection is the preferred treatment of these tumors, even when histologically benign. A review of the literature and of pertinent clinical and pathological features of the 32 previously reported cases is included.

Bile Duct Neoplasms↗
PubMed1986

High sensitivity assay for the alpha 2 antagonist 6-chloro-3-methyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine and its desmethyl metabolite in plasma using gas chromatography mass spectrometry with ammonia/CCl4 chemical ionization.

A rapid and highly sensitive assay for quantifying the alpha 2-adrenoceptor antagonist SK&F 86466 and a desmethyl metabolite has been developed, using capillary column gas chromatography/chemical ionization mass spectrometry. This assay uses deuterium-labeled analogs of the analytes as internal standards, and has a lower limit of quantification of 100 pg ml-1. A novel reagent gas, consisting of carbon tetrachloride in anhydrous ammonia, was used to achieve maximal sensitivity.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1986

Phlegm production and lung function among cigarette smokers changing tar groups during the 1970s.

In 1971-3 data on smoking habits, cigarette brand smoked, morning phlegm production, and lung function were recorded for factory workers as part of the Heart Disease Prevention Project. These men were reassessed in 1984 and those who had always smoked cigarettes from the same tar group were compared with those who had dropped one tar group (mean decreases of 6.6 mg tar, 0.1 mg nicotine) and two tar groups (mean decreases of 11.9 mg tar, 0.5 mg nicotine). Over the 13 years, men who had dropped one tar group were significantly more likely (p less than 0.05) to stop producing phlegm, but the effect was less marked for those who had dropped two tar groups. The mean fall in FEV1 was similar in all three groups, but 95% confidence limits showed that although dropping one tar group could be associated with at most a saving of 84 ml over the follow up period, there could be little extra benefit from dropping two tar groups. In 1984, all three groups of smokers excreted similar amounts of nicotine metabolites in the urine, suggesting that men who had dropped two tar groups compensated for the reduced nicotine yield of their cigarettes. This could account for the lack of a dose response relationship between reduction in the tar yield of cigarettes and cessation of phlegm and fall in FEV1.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1986

Validity of smokers' information about present and past cigarette brands--implications for studies of the effects of falling tar yields of cigarettes on health.

Four hundred and twenty nine current smokers and ex-smokers who had provided details 12 years previously completed a self administered questionnaire about their present and past smoking habits, and two weeks later current smokers supplied an empty cigarette packet. The tar group and brand name of the current cigarette given on the questionnaire were compared with details on the packet, and the brand alleged to have been smoked 12 years ago was compared with that actually recorded at that time. Only 55% of "low middle" tar cigarettes as indicated by returned packets had been correctly identified in the questionnaire. The brand name was the same in the questionnaire and on the packet in 74% of cases. The recalled brand was confirmed by past records in only 49% of cases. It is concluded that current smokers should be asked to return an empty packet or packets of the cigarette brand or brands usually smoked with a self administered questionnaire and that follow up studies of populations for which brands of cigarette smoked were previously recorded might be more valid than studies relying on recall.

Health↗
PubMed1986

A double-blind randomized controlled trial of the effect of a low- versus a middle-tar cigarette on respiratory symptoms--a feasibility study.

A feasibility study of a double-blind, randomized controlled trial of the effect of a low-versus a middle-tar cigarette on respiratory symptoms is described. A smoking questionnaire was sent to 19,366 households. Returned questionnaires (64%) yielded 604 middle-tar cigarette smokers aged 20-44 years; 342 replied to a health warning stating that they did not want to or had failed to stop smoking and of these 183 volunteered for the trial. Thus about every 100 households originally mailed yielded one volunteer. Of the volunteers, 95 men were randomly allocated to be sold a middle-tar cigarette and 88 to be sold a low-tar cigarette of identical appearance. The cigarettes were sold at three different reduced prices and the men were asked to smoke them for five weeks. There was a 22% drop-out and this was unrelated to type of cigarette smoked. A reduction in price of 20% was sufficient incentive for volunteers to participate. Cigarette butts were collected weekly or fortnightly and urine samples were collected initially and after three and five weeks. Compliance with the trial cigarettes was good. The excretion of nicotine metabolites, number of cigarettes smoked and average butt weight for men allocated the low-tar cigarette was not significantly different from that of those allocated the middle-tar cigarette. This suggested that the former compensated for the 37% reduction in the nicotine yield of their cigarette by taking more frequent or deeper puffs from their cigarette. The implications of these results for a large-scale, randomized controlled trial are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

The duration of lochia.

The duration of lochia and its association with a number of obstetric variables was studied in 236 women. Each woman completed a diary sheet describing the colour and duration of her lochia for up to 60 days post partum. The phases of lochia were divided according to the classical description; lochia rubra, serosa and alba. The median total duration of lochia was 33 days, lochia rubra 4 days and lochia serosa 22 days. Lochia persisted to 60 days in 13% of women. The duration of lochia was shorter in parous women and women with smaller babies.

Birth Weight↗
PubMed1985

The effect of serotonergic blockade in postpartum preeclamptic patients.

Thirty postpartum preeclamptic patients from the University of South Florida Obstetrical Service were enrolled in a placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind study to test the effectiveness of ketanserin in lowering the blood pressure. An intravenous bolus of ketanserin resulted in a significant drop in the mean arterial blood pressure. The decrease in the blood pressure could be maintained by a continuous infusion of ketanserin. Hypertension returned after the medication was discontinued. These observations suggest that ketanserin, a selective blocker of type II serotonin receptors, may be effective in acutely reducing elevated postpartum blood pressure in preeclamptic patients, and that serotonin may play a role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia, but not be important as a mediator in the severity of the disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Paraganglioma of the tympanic membrane.

Von Haller, in 1743, first described the carotid body and was so impressed with the richness of its innervation that he called it 'ganglion minutum', thinking it to be a sympathetic ganglion. Valentine, in 1840, saw a peculiar structure in the tympanic canaliculus in which a nerve cell was present and called it 'gangliolum tympanicum'. Almost 100 years later, in 1941, Stacey Guild reported the presence of some structures near the wall of the jugular bulb and described them as 'glomus jugulare'. Following this report, Rosenwaser (1945) and Otani were able to make a correct classification of these tumours in the middle ear. There have been innumerable reports of them and various authors have called them by various names. We report here a case of paraganglioma which was localized entirely to the tympanic membrane without involving any other part of the middle-ear cleft.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1983

Epithelial patchy necrosis in Crohn's disease.

Electron and light microscopic studies of the intestinal epithelium in Crohn's disease demonstrated localized areas of damage to the superficial epithelium, occurring without accompanying acute inflammation. In a blind study of rectal biopsy specimens from seven patients with Crohn's disease, four with ulcerative colitis, and four normal controls, this finding of patchy necrosis without acute inflammation was observed exclusively in four of the seven cases of Crohn's disease.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

Evidence of diffusion artefacts in diaminobenzidine immunocytochemistry revealed during immune electron microscope studies of the early interactions between influenza virus and cells.

Anti-haemagglutinin-labelled antibodies have been used to search for influenza entry into cells by fusion of viral and plasma membranes. The plasma membranes of infected cells were stained by immunoperoxidase but not by immunoferritin reagents. It is suggested that the staining obtained with the peroxidase conjugate was due to diffusion of the diaminobenzidine reaction product away from the enzymic site. Immunoferritin labelling provided no evidence for entry of influenza by fusion of viral and plasma membranes under conditions of physiological pH.

3,3'-Diaminobenzidine↗