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D Schultheiss

Publications and source records attributed to D Schultheiss.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Central effects of sildenafil (Viagra) on auditory selective attention and verbal recognition memory in humans: a study with event-related brain potentials.

The purpose of this study was to assess possible central side-effects of sildenafil (Viagra) on attention and memory functions. Sildenafil and placebo were administered in young male subjects in a double-blind balanced cross-over design. Behavioral patterns and event-related brain potentials (ERP) were recorded in a spatial auditory attention and a visual word recognition task. While behavioral patterns did not reveal any overt effects of sildenafil, auditory ERPs were indicative of an enhanced ability to focus attention (amplitude enhancement of Nd-effect) and to select relevant target stimuli in the sildenafil condition (P3 component). In the memory task, CNS-effects of sildenafil were evident in a reduction of a negativity in the 150-250 ms range. No overt effects on behavior were observed. Nevertheless, the data reveal CNS-effects of sildenafil necessitating further studies.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Pilot study of the transdermal application of testosterone gel to the penile skin for the treatment of hypogonadotropic men with erectile dysfunction.

Androgens influence important central and peripheral mechanisms of the erectile system. The relevance of a moderate decrease of serum testosterone level for erectile dysfunction (ED) has not been clarified so far. The aim of our study was to offer an easy transcutaneous method of androgen application. A previous study on the pharmacokinetic profile of the testosterone gel applied, showed marked elevation of the serum levels of testosterone. In our study, 46 hypogonadal patients with ED and total lack of vaginal penetration applied testosterone gel (4 mg/day; supplied by Azupharma, Germany) to the penile skin twice a day over 6-8 weeks, after a run-in period with placebo gel of 2 weeks. All patients showed decreased testosterone serum levels (<3 ng/ml) in at least two morning samples over a period of 3 weeks before treatment. Psychogenic etiology was excluded by a sexual psychologist. Patient age was 37-69 years (mean 53.5). Three patients (6.5%) responded to placebo in the run-in phase and were withdrawn from further treatment. Fifteen patients (32.6%) showed improved erection, allowing penetration and sexual intercourse. Twenty-eight patients (60.9%) did not respond to therapy. Local genital skin irritation was not observed. Elevation of peripheral testosterone was not correlated to a positive therapy response. A success-rate of 32.6% in this group of patients after exclusion of psychogenic patients and placebo-responders seems to justify further investigations. A medication period of 6-8 weeks is most probably too short to induce imaginable regenerative effects of testosterone on the erectile system. We therefore suggest that future double-blind and placebo-controlled studies should be designed for a minimum of 3 months. Testosterone gel may be a cost effective form of androgen administration.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed2000

Initial clinical experience with the selective phosphodiesterase-I isoenzyme inhibitor vinpocetine in the treatment of urge incontinence and low compliance bladder.

Current pharmacological treatment modalities for urge incontinence and low compliance bladder are limited by a low clinical efficacy and the significant side effects of the standard drugs available. Previous in vitro studies indicated a possible functional relevance of the intracellular phosphodiesterase (PDE)-1 isoenzyme in the regulation of human detrusor smooth muscle contractility. We therefore investigated the effect of the PDE-1 inhibitor vinpocetine in nonresponders to standard pharmacological therapy. In 11/19 patients (57.9%) clinical symptoms and/or urodynamic parameters were improved. Although these initial data are preliminary, they represent the first evidence that isoenzyme-selective PDE inhibition may be a novel approach to the treatment of lower urinary tract disorders.

Compliance↗
PubMed2000

[Andy Warhol's plastic nose revision reflected in his work].

Andy Warhol underwent dermabrasion in 1957 because of a nasal skin lesion, which is best diagnosed as a rhinophyma on the basis of the available biographical literature. Throughout his creative life, the artist worked on different aspects of plastic surgery especially in the nasal area. As one of the founders of Pop-Art, Warhol left essential marks on the modern society and influenced our standards of aesthetic shapes.

Dermabrasion↗
PubMed2000

[Andy Warhol's plastic nose revision reflected in his work].

Andy Warhol underwent dermabrasion in 1957 because of a nasal skin lesion, which is best diagnosed as a rhinophyma on the basis of the available biographical literature. Throughout his creative life, the artist worked on different aspects of plastic surgery especially in the nasal area. As one of the founders of Pop-Art, Warhol left essential marks on the modern society and influenced our standards of aesthetic shapes.

Dermabrasion↗
PubMed2000

The history of endocrine therapy of benign and malignant diseases of the prostate.

The discovery of endocrine therapy of diseases of the prostate can be regarded as one of the most important events in the history of medicine and in urology in particular. This article delivers an overview about scientists and clinicians involved in this work during the last 200 years. A close historical relation between the endocrine therapy of benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer can be recognized. The historical framework between the work of John Hunter in the late eighteenth century, that of Charles Brenton Huggins in the late 1930s, and that of Andrew Schally in the 1970s has been assembled herein. With respect to all the other men who contributed greatly to this medical achievement, e.g., Edward L. Keyes and Russell S. Ferguson, with their first report on radioorchiectomy for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer in 1936, this historical vignette is intended to make them part of the historical record.

Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal↗
PubMed2000

Tissue engineering from Adam to the zygote: historical reflections.

Tissue engineering, long a matter of myth and dream throughout the history of medicine, is now a practical reality. A wide spectrum of biological materials are used in the field of urology to treat disease and to overcome human disabilities, including tissue grafts and organ transplantation. Laboratory-engineered bioproducts for the off-the-shelf replacement and reconstruction of tissue is now almost at hand. This article presents a glimpse into the past by highlighting a number of early pioneering works in the field of tissue transplantation and cell culture technologies.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed2000

Sexual function and fertility after treatment of testicular cancer.

As a result of the introduction of effective cisplatin-based chemotherapeutic regimens into the clinical routine, even patients with metastatic testicular cancer at initial diagnosis can be cured of their disease. Sexual dysfunction and infertility are common long-lasting sequelae in testicular cancer survivors, affecting approximately 20% of patients after the application of the different treatment modalities currently available for the treatment of early and advanced clinical stages, including retroperitoneal surgery and systemic chemotherapy. Accordingly, it has been demonstrated that fertility distress and sexual disturbances, the latter occurring in only a minority of patients after surgical or chemotherapeutic treatment of testicular germ cell tumours, substantially alter the patients' quality of life. It is even worse because testicular cancer mostly affects men in the prime of their physical, sexual and reproductive function. Although semen quality is frequently poor at initial diagnosis and further deteriorates after orchiectomy, probably because of structural abnormalities in the remaining contralateral testicle, the advent of intracytoplasmatic sperm injection promises a fertile future to most patients, even if only a few sperms are present in the ejaculate. Further long-term investigations should be initiated to clarify the impact of the different treatment modalities on fertility and sexual life. The main objective should be the identification of patients who are at increased risk of developing therapy-related physical and psychological problems.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2000

Congenital and acquired penile deviation treated with the essed plication method.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate our results with the Essed procedure for the correction of penile curvature, either congenital or due to Peyronie's disease, and compare it with the data from the literature, both for the Essed and the Nesbit procedure. METHODS: From 1991 to 1996 the Essed procedure was performed in 61 patients. 65.6% (n = 40) had congenital deviation and 34.4% (n = 21) suffered from secondary deviation due to Peyronie's disease. In all patients 2-6 nonabsorbable inverting interrupted sutures were placed bringing the knot between the plicated tunica. RESULTS: Patients' ages ranged from 15 to 65 (mean 31.3) years and the mean follow-up time was 39.8 (12-75) months. The preoperative penile deviation was between 20 and 90 degrees (mean 47.4 degrees ). Eighteen patients (29.5%) had a recurrent deviation following surgery. This failure rate was higher in the patient group with Peyronie's disease (42.9%) than in the group with congenital deformation (22.5%). Postoperatively, 2 patients (3.3%) with Peyronie's disease reported de novo erectile dysfunction. Twenty patients (32.8%) complained of persistent discomfort or pain at the area of the still palpable plication sutures, but this inhibited sexual intercourse only in 1 case. 45.9% stated penile shortening after surgery but only 21.3% felt bothered by this. CONCLUSION: The results reported are in accordance with the literature showing a higher recurrence rate of the deviation with the Essed compared to the Nesbit procedure. For both methods the risk of recurrent disease is higher in patients with Peyronie's disease and with both techniques, an equally low incidence of erectile dysfunction is evident. However, since with the Essed technique one third of all patients complained of discomfort from the nonabsorbable sutures, the Nesbit procedure seems to be superior.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Historical aspects of the treatment of urinary incontinence.

Ancient reports on urinary incontinence are rather rare and mainly address cases of extraurethral incontinence, e.g. due to a fistula acquired during childbirth or overflow incontinence, e.g. in males with urinary retention or after spinal cord injury. In modern times several authors dealt with the problem of postoperative incontinence after perineal lithotomy. Surgical techniques for the cure of urinary incontinence were not introduced before the 19th century. First this was limited to fistula repair but at the turn of the century new procedures for stress incontinence were introduced and became standard clinical procedures. Other modern techniques, e.g. artificial sphincters or electrostimulation, were alternatives developed in urology during the second half of our century. This article from the history of medicine outlines early reports on urinary incontinence and reveals a more detailed review of the different treatment options including conservative therapies, incontinence devices, electrotherapy and surgical procedures, including injection therapies and artificial sphincters.

Equipment Design↗
PubMed2000

Max Brödel (1870-1941) and medical illustration in urology.

PURPOSE: Max Brödel (1870-1941) is known as one of the major medical illustrators of the turn of the last century. Some important aspects of his biography and his influence on illustration in the specialty of urology are discussed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The German artist Brödel was invited to The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore in 1894 and soon became a well-known illustrator in gynecology. He introduced new innovative art media, such as his carbon dust and stipple board technique to reproduce vivid tissue, while developing an instructive and didactic manner of medical illustration. He is also known as an anatomist and scientist, mainly for his description of an avascular area of the kidney (Brödel's bloodless line) and an improved method of nephropexy using a suture that he designed. RESULTS: In 1911 Max Brödel became head of the first Department of Art as Applied to Medicine, establishing the profession of medical illustration. In addition to some work for Hugh Hampton Young, his most important influence on urology was through his student William P. Didusch, who was a medical illustrator at the Brady Urological Institute in Baltimore for more than 40 years. CONCLUSIONS: Brödel changed the appearance of medical illustration at the beginning of the 20th century and improved its role in medical literature. Max Brödel should be referred to as the man who put art into medicine.

Germany↗
PubMed1999

Urodynamics in the anatomical work of Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519).

Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) incorporates the symbiosis of art and medicine and can be addressed as the founder of medical illustration in the time of the Renaissance. His anatomy studies were not published in his time, which explains why Leonardo's outstanding knowledge of anatomy, physiology, and medicine had no impact on his scientific contemporaries and is therefore primarily of retrospective importance in the history of medicine. The collection of anatomical illustrations remained unknown until their rediscovery in the eighteenth century and their wide publication at the beginning of our century. This article systematically reviews Leonardo's genitourinary drawings with regard to urodynamic aspects of the upper and lower urinary tract, highlighting topics such as vesicoureteral reflux and urinary sphincter mechanisms.

Anatomy, Artistic↗
PubMed1999

Victor Ivánchich (1812-1892) and Josef Weiger (1810-1863): early cooperation of a urologist and an anesthesiologist.

Today the cooperation of the highly developed specialities anesthesiology and urology is daily practice in every hospital and does not need further explanation in medical reports. The history of medicine tells us that the situation was different during the pioneer days of surgery in the last century. Although the statement that the patient underwent surgery while under general anesthesia was mostly included in the reports of operations at that time, the need for a specially trained doctor to perform anesthesia was hardly recognized. Most surgeons delegated this task to young colleagues or even to persons who had not been medically trained. The urologic surgeon Victor Ivánchich may have been an exception in including his special anesthesiologist Josef Weiger in several of his publications on lithotrity.

Anesthesiology↗