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Biomedical subjects

D Schmidt

Publications and source records attributed to D Schmidt.

At least 379 records · Page 21Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Abolition of photoparoxysmal response in progressive myoclonus epilepsy.

We have investigated the effect of piracetam on photoparoxysmal responses in 3 patients with progressive myoclonus epilepsy. With doses of up to 10 g/day, elimination of photoparoxysmal responses was achieved in all 3 patients. Corresponding to EEG improvement, the clinical performance improved slightly in 2 patients and definitely in 1 patient when piracetam was added to their medication of valproate and clonazepam. According to our data, medical treatment of myoclonus with piracetam is justified particularly in myoclonus of cortical origin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

RGD-containing peptides of VP1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) prevent virus infection in vitro.

RGD-containing peptides from the immunodominant region of VP1 between amino acids 135-160 from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) type O1 Kaufbeuren (O1K) prevented virus adsorption to piglet kidney (PK) cells. The highly conserved amino acid RGD sequence (Arg.-Gly.-Asp.) was a prerequisite of this effect. To prevent infection with 100-200 TCID50 in 10(6) PK cells, 20-250 micrograms of each peptide should have been added.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1991

[Subglottic metastasis of multiple myeloma. Case report and review of the literature of laryngeal plasmacytoma].

A total of 111 cases of laryngeal plasmacytoma have now been reported. The disease may present either as a primary extramedullary plasmacytoma (n = 90) or as a metastasis of a multiple myeloma (n = 21). The distinction between these two types is very important in therapy and prognosis. We report a subglottic plasmacytoma in a 48-year-old woman. Investigations showed bone marrow infiltration, osteolysis and light chain expression in serum, indicating generalized disease. Therefore polychemotherapy was given, during which complete macroscopic and microscopic regression of the laryngeal plasmacytoma was observed. However, 14 months later, the patient died of renal failure due to systemic progression of the multiple myeloma.

Airway Obstruction↗
PubMed1991

[Central vein occlusion as a sequela of spontaneous arteriovenous fistula of the carotid artery to the cavernous sinus].

We found a central retinal vein occlusion in three of nine patients with spontaneous arteriovenous fistulas of the cavernous sinus region. The femoral angiogram displayed a "low-flow" fistula from the internal carotid artery and/or dural branches of the external carotid artery into the cavernous sinus in all three patients. Angiographically, occlusion of the superior ophthalmic vein was present in all three patients. The arteriovenous flow of the shunt was directed into the sphenoparietal sinus and into other cerebral veins, but not into the orbit. This is the first angiographic demonstration of occlusion of the superior ophthalmic vein in patients with central retinal vein occlusion. The decrease in blood flow in the superior ophthalmic vein and the central retinal vein occlusion developed several months after the onset of the cavernous fistula. The occurrence of thrombosis is regarded as the consequence of venous stasis in the superior ophthalmic vein. It is assumed that the thrombosis grew retrogradely along the superior ophthalmic vein towards the central retinal vein. The intraocular pressure was not elevated in two of the three patients and therefore not regarded as the cause of the central retinal vein occlusion. Lid erythema and conjunctival hyperemia were pronounced in the acute stage of the fistula formation.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Correlation and validation of different methods of evaluation of results after surgery of the rotator cuff. Plea for a standardized method].

Several charts elaborated for the assessment of the results of surgical treatment of cuff rotators tears were critically analysed. Twenty-one patients were reviewed and results assessed with three different charts, the Patte, Kenesi and Constant ones. The correlation of the parameters was studied and was found to be satisfactory.

Evaluation Studies as Topic↗
PubMed1991

[Intra-arterial fibrinolysis in central artery occlusion].

Central retinal artery occlusion is known to have a poor natural outcome, and also conventional therapeutic procedures e.g. paracentesis, hemodilution or local massage show unfavorable results. As in intraarterial fibrinolytic therapy in cerebral vessels, we also applied this method to the territory of the ophthalmic artery in 6 patients with occlusion of the central retinal artery. The fibrinolysis was done with a microcatheter superselectively, placed in the proximal part of the ophthalmic artery. The amount of urokinase varied from 200,000 to 900,000 IU, diluted in saline solution. In 5 patients, fluorescein angiography was carried out before and after fibrinolytic therapy, confirming the significant improvement of retinal and choroidal perfusion seen on the arterial ophthalmic angiogram. All patients showed an improvement of visual function after therapy, two patients even had a complete recovery of visual acuity.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

Genetic and molecular approach for breeding and use of laboratory fish for the detection of agents with carcinogenic and/or promoting activity.

Xiphophorine fish from wild populations are insusceptible to develop neoplasia. In contrast, certain backcrosses of Xiphophorus maculatus (platyfish) with Xiphophorus helleri (swordtail) as the recurrent parent, produce offspring that develop neoplasia in a Mendelian fashion. We concentrated our research on melanoma. The starting signal for the development of melanoma comes from an accessory v-erbB-related oncogene, x-erbB*, which is highly homologous to the human EGF receptor gene, and is part of a platyfish-specific tumor gene-complex designated as Tu. Normally, the platyfish is protected from its own Tu by Tu-specific regulatory gene systems. The swordtail has neither evolved the Tu-complex nor the regulatory gene systems. Therefore, the backcross procedure dismantles the regulatory gene systems thus permitting Tu-directed melanoma formation. x-erbB* derived from the platyfish, together with the swordtail-derived oncogenes src, sis, pdgf-r, ras, myc, erbA are expressed or overexpressed in the melanoma, and inositol lipid turnover is considerably elevated. x-src and inositol lipid turnover have also been found elevated in the healthy tissues (eg brain) of the tumourous fish. To construct a fish strain which is highly susceptible to mutagenic carcinogens, we introduced a particular regulatory gene, ie an oncosuppressor gene (Bs), into the genome of the animals developing Mendelian inherited melanoma, by introgressive breeding. Bs prevents the strain from germ line-inherited melanoma but, following carcinogen-induced impairment in a somatic cell gives rise to the Tu-directed development of clonal melanoma in a particular fish, x-src activity and inositol lipid turnover are elevated in the tumor but, in contrast to the animals bearing the inherited melanoma, are not elevated in the brain. Promoting carcinogens (tumor promoters) do not induce melanoma in this strain. Similarly, in order to breed a fish strain susceptible to tumor promoters, we introduced a regulatory gene (the oncostatic gene g, golden) coding for a pre-transformational arrest of pigment cell differentiation in the stem cell stage of the fish that develop the Mendelian inherited melanoma. The new strain is incapable of developing melanoma. Its x-src activity and inositol lipid turnover is elevated in the brain indicating that the biochemical processes which were found to be correlated with the hereditary melanoma formation, are running in the new strain without the occurrence of melanoma. Following treatment with tumor promoters that overcome the arrest of pigment cell differentiation, melanoma develops within a very short latent period.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Acute circulatory disorders of the eye. Clinical findings and results of Doppler sonography of the internal carotid artery].

Clinical and Doppler sonographic findings on the internal carotid artery of 218 patients with acute central retinal artery obstruction (42), branch retinal artery obstruction (43), anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) (51), amaurosis fugax (AF) (21), and retinal vein occlusions (61) were evaluated. The most prominent finding was that only 1 out of 51 patients with AION and none of 61 patients with retinal vein occlusions showed a relevant stenosis or occlusion of the internal carotid artery. In contrast, however, patients with acute central retinal artery obstruction and branch retinal artery obstruction and those with AF revealed stenoses or occlusions of the internal carotid artery in approximative one-third to one-fourth of the cases. No excavation of the optic disc (cup) occurred in patients' eyes affected by AION or in the other eye. Fourteen of 51 patients with AION showed a "stuttering progression" of their visual function. The patients with progressive loss of vision were significantly younger on average than patients with permanent visual loss due to AION. Some of these cases with progressive field defects revealed an increase in edema of the optic discs and in hemorrhages. Patients with acute central retinal artery obstruction showed very high blood pressure values more often than patients with AION. Retinal emboli (Holenhorst plaques) were very often seen in patients with branch retinal artery obstruction (in 29 of 43 patients; 67%). However, they rarely occurred in patients with acute central retinal artery obstruction (5 of 42 patients). Only 1 of 51 cases with AION showed retinal emboli.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Coliform myositis in a calf.

Coliform myositis was diagnosed in a young calf with signs of pain, swelling, and edema of the right hind limb. Diagnostic methods included bacteriologic culture and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The organism isolated was a gas-producing Escherichia coli. The infection responded to administration of trimethoprim/sulfadiazine, to which the organism was susceptible in vitro.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Establishment and characterization of a cell line (Wa-2) derived from an extrarenal rhabdoid tumor.

A new human cell line (Wa-2) derived from an extrarenal rhabdoid tumor has been established. The cell line grows as a monolayer consisting of round- and spindle-shaped cells. Injection of cells into nude mice results in the growth of solid tumors within 2 wk of inoculation. These solid tumors have the microscopic appearance similar to that of the original tumor from which the cell line was derived. Moreover, the tumor cells have all the features of rhabdoid tumors, including the intracytoplasmatic hyaline globules, large prominent nucleoli, and inclusion bodies made up of whorls of fibrillary material. Transplanted tumor cells stain positive for vimentin, cytokeratin, actin, and desmin and negative for myoglobin and neuron-specific enolase. Karyotyping of the cell line at different passages and cells derived from the transplant tumors consistently revealed a diploid number of chromosomes with a reciprocal translocation between chromosomes 18 and 22 [t(18;22) (q21;p11.2)]. In fibroblasts derived from the patient, no translocation could be found. Culturing the cells in the presence of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine induces differentiation, characterized by the outgrowth of neuron-like processes and the morphological appearance of cells similar to neuroblasts. Southern blot analysis showed no amplification of the N-myc oncogene. Since no published cell line derived from rhabdoid tumors exists, this cell line should be helpful to further elucidate the biology and histological origin of the malignant rhabdoid tumor.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The importance of preoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy in 373 children with Wilms' tumor].

Between 1980 and 1988, in a prospective study of 373 children with Wilms' tumour throughout the Federal Republic of Germany, the results of various pre- and postoperative treatment schedules were analysed. There were 184 boys and 189 girls, mean age 3 11/12 (0-27) years. One third each was in group I, II or III-V, respectively. In 52% of cases the tumour volume, measured by ultrasound, was more than 400 ml. 218 of the children were called protocol patients, the remaining 155 served as observation patients, because the latter had histological variants or there had been marked treatment deviations. The stage-adapted treatment always included operation, in 30% of children after pre-operative chemo- or radiotherapy. Radiotherapy was given in selected patients in stage II and always to those in stages III, IV or V. Chemotherapy consisted of Actinomycin D and vincristine, adriamycin was added for stages III-V and cyclophosphamide or ifosfamide for histologically highly malignant variants. Of the 218 protocol patients 196 (90%) were alive without recurrence, after a mean observation time of more than 7 years. Radiotherapy was given to only 105 of the 218 protocol patients. The prognosis of the 155 observation patients differed according to the histology: those with clear-cell type had a better prognosis than previously reported. Among the total group of 373 patients 305 (81.8%) have remained without recurrence after more than 6 years.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Medical cooperation in cases of detention. 1 year's experience in the Odense police district].

On 22.5.1987, a law was introduced in Denmark according to which persons under the influence of alcohol detained by the police should, as a rule, be medically examined. In Denmark (not including the Faroe islands and Greenland), 40% out of 26,598 persons placed in detention were medically examined in 1988. Out of 918 persons placed in detention in the Odense police district, 66% were medically examined and of these 5% were referred to hospital for further examination and/or treatment. Four of these were admitted, three of whom had life-threatening poisonings and one on account of a potentially disabling condition. No deaths occurred in detention in Odense. It seems reasonable that all persons placed in detention should be seen by a doctor and, similarly, the protective function of detention should be emphasized.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Qualitative and quantitative high performance liquid chromatographic analysis of monoamine neurotransmitters and metabolites in cerebrospinal fluid and brain tissue using reductive electrochemical detection.

The application of reductive coulometric electrochemical detection for analysis of the monoamine neurotransmitters norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin and their common metabolites in brain and cerebrospinal fluid following separation by isocratic high performance liquid chromatography is described. The high sensitivity and screening capabilities of coulometric electrodes permits the accurate quantitation of as little as 3-5 pg of these compounds in tissue following a simple single step purification procedure. Moreover, comparison of peak height ratios obtained from analysis of authentic reference standards and tissue samples at selected multiple electrode potentials provides a straightforward means for qualitative evaluation of peak identification and purity during analysis of biological samples. The method is comparatively inexpensive and precise within and between day coefficients of variation for most compounds range from 2-5%. Thirty samples can be run in duplicate in a 24 h period.

Animals↗