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Biomedical subjects

D Salmon

Publications and source records attributed to D Salmon.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Alzheimer's disease: a model from the quantitative study of a large kindred.

In an Italian kindred (family N), early onset Alzheimer's disease has been transmitted in a Mendelian autosomal fashion since the early 18th century. The age at death of affected members of the family varies widely, and was taken as an index of the age of expression, a measure of phenotypic variability. Either a gamma or a log-normal algorithm provides the best fit for the age at death distribution. Subsets of family N widely different as to time and place have the same age at death of patients: Environment appears to play a negligible role in the expression of disease. Pairwise correlation between an affected parent and child is zero: The disease is monogenic (no major expression gene). The same stochastic distribution of age of expression, but with late onset, and after correction for death from other causes, is compatible with the epidemiology of Alzheimer's disease in general. Mendelian genetics is a possible model for Alzheimer's disease etiology.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tuberculosis in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. 30 cases].

Between May, 1983 and September, 1987, 8 per cent of the patients hospitalised for an HIV infection (i.e. 30 patients, 20 with an ARC and 10 with AIDS) had tuberculosis. The percentage of patients originating from Central Africa or Haiti was important (23 per cent). Tuberculosis was thoracic (76 per cent) and/or extrathoracic (63 per cent). The main organs involved were the lungs (n = 21), the mediastinal lymph nodes (n = 9), the superficial lymph nodes (n = 9), and the liver (n = 8). The pulmonary infection was often multilobar (n = 14), but without caverns. The tuberculin PPD (purified protein derived) test was positive in 63 per cent of ARC patients and in 30 per cent of AIDS patients. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed in 27/30 patients by culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (n = 23) and/or histology (n = 13), and in the remaining patients by response to a specific treatment. In 3 patients with normal X-ray film of the chest, M. tuberculosis could be recovered by culture of the gastric fluid. Antituberculous treatment was effective, but its optimum duration is to be determined since relapse may occur, even after one year of treatment. The side-effects of the treatment were unusually frequent (54 per cent). The occurrence of tuberculosis seemed to aggravate the prognosis of the HIV disease, since 57 per cent of the ARC patients reached the stage of AIDS within 6 months on average. These results are in agreement with the new recommendations of the Centers for disease control which include extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the AIDS criteria. However, in our study, pulmonary tuberculosis had the same detrimental effect and should therefore be included in the AIDS criteria.

AIDS-Related Complex↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Serum protein polymorphism in Papua New Guinea Eastern Highlands.

Four protein polymorphisms: haptoglobin (HP), group specific component (GC), third component of complement (C3) and transferrin (TF), were investigated in Baruya tribes and several other Anga tribes living high in the Wonenara and Marawaka valleys in Papua New Guinea Eastern Highlands. A non-Anga tribe, the Aziana or Kenaze was also sampled. TF*D variant was identified in every group except Usarumpia. A number of anhaptoglobinaemic individuals was noticed. Environmental factors causing hemolysis and haptoglobin consumption are suggested. HP*1 and GC*1 frequencies were high, as usually observed in New Guinea. The Anga tribes are protected from malaria and represent a model of human isolates. The present study confirms this situation.

Black People↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Blood groups in Papua New Guinea Eastern Highlands.

Blood group polymorphisms were analysed in inhabitants of Papua New Guinea Eastern Highlands. The aim of the study was to assess the situation of the Baruya tribe among other Anga peoples: Youwarounatche, Andje, Usarumpia, Langimar. A non-Anga tribe, the Aziana, was also sampled. ABO, RH, MNS, P, KEL, FY and JK systems were tested in each group. ABO*O gene was predominant, ABO*Aint was relatively high, ABO*B was rare in all tribes and absent in the Usarumpia tested. The Ns haplotype was the most frequent in MNS system. All tested subjects were RH*D, KEL (-) and FY (a+b-), with very few exceptions. The presence of one CcdEe and 5 FY (a+b+) subjects may be due to foreign admixture. A noteworthy genetic microdifferentiation was observed between tribes. Geographical isolation and genetic drift has played an important role in the differentiation of the various groups.

Black People↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Red cell enzyme polymorphisms in Papua New Guinea Eastern Highlands.

Ten red cell enzyme polymorphisms, malic dehydrogenase (MDH1), adenylate kinase (AK), phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), adenosine deaminase (ADA), esterase D (ESD), glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT), acid phosphatase (ACP1), phosphoglucomutase 1 and 2 (PGM1, PGM2), phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (PGD) were investigated in the Baruya tribe and several Anga tribes living high in the Wonenara and Marawaka valleys in Papua New Guinea Eastern Highlands (6.5S, 145.5E). Also a non-Anga tribe, the Aziana or Kenaze, was sampled. Variants were observed in ADA, PGM1 and PGM2. AK and PHI were monomorphic, all subjects being AK 1 and PHI 1; MDH1 was also monomorphic in Anga while variants were observed in Aziana. This latter tribe differed markedly in each system from the Anga peoples.

Alleles↗