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Biomedical subjects

D Sainty

Publications and source records attributed to D Sainty.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Expression of the ETS2 and transferrin receptor genes in Philadelphia-positive chronic myeloid leukemia patients with a reciprocal t(3;21).

The translocation t(3;21)(q26;q22) is a rare recurring clonal abnormality, either preceding or associated with blast crisis in Philadelphia chromosome-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. We previously localized the chromosomal breakpoints at 3q26.2 and 21q22.2, using high resolution chromosomal analysis. Two genes of interest are localized near the breakpoints, the transferrin receptor gene and the ETS2 proto-oncogene. Their chromosomal localizations, determined by in situ hybridization on normal metaphase cells, were 3q29 and 21q22.3, respectively. They underwent a reciprocal translocation in patients with t(3;21). Their structures were not altered by the translocation, and both were expressed to varying levels in t(3;21) patients. Southern blotting investigations showed that the structure of other single-copy genes, including FIM3, localized near the breakpoints, were not affected by the translocation. An analysis of ETS2 expression performed on CML patients without t(3;21) showed the presence of the transcript in 100% of the blast crises, but only in 20% of the chronic-phase patients. Thus ETS2 expression may either be linked to or play a role in CML progression.

Blast Crisis↗
PubMed1992

Pentoxifylline in vitro reverses neutrophil chemotactic deficiency induced by interleukin-2 treatment.

Patients undergoing immunotherapy with Interleukin-2 experience multiple side effects and are highly susceptible to bacteremia. In a previous study, we confirmed the profound neutrophil chemotactic deficiency induced by Interleukin-2 therapy. Peripheral blood cells exposed to Interleukin-2 in vitro secrete secondary cytokines. The release of tumor necrosis factor into the circulation after Interleukin-2 injection has been proposed as an important mechanism underlying cell function alterations. We tested chemotaxis of neutrophils from normal subjects after incubation with the serum from treated patients. Serums induced a defective chemotaxis of normal neutrophils similar to the one observed with neutrophils from Interleukin-2 treated patients. We have previously demonstrated a dose-dependent reversion of neutrophil chemotaxis after incubation with anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha antibody. Pentoxifylline is known for counteracting the inflammatory action of tumor necrosis factor. We tested its capability to reverse the chemotactic deficiency of neutrophils induced by treated patient serums. Pentoxifylline was added after incubation of normal cells with patient serum, and the directed chemotaxis was restored. Pentoxifylline may have a significant therapeutic potential for the prevention or treatment of complications related to inappropriately activated neutrophils.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed1992

Acute monocytic leukemia: prevalent cutaneous lesions. Two cases.

The authors report two cases of acute myeloid leukemia with prevalent cutaneous lesions. The positivity of granulo-monocytic antibodies and the exclusive cutaneous site of the lesions drove them previously to the diagnosis of histiocytic sarcoma. These cases stress the problem of the immunological identification of cutaneous lymphomas of "histiocytic" type.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

High-dose recombinant interleukin-2 and acute myeloid leukemias in relapse.

Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is able to induce the regression of metastatic cancers when administered in vivo. IL-2-activated natural killer cells and lymphocytes show, in vitro, activities against leukemic cells. To assess if in vitro observations could have significant clinical relevance, we evaluated the in vivo activity of high-dose recombinant IL-2 (6 to 8 x 10(6) IU/m2/8H intravenous bolus for 5 days) in 10 patients with acute myeloid leukemias (AML) in relapse after chemotherapy (n = 7) or autologous bone marrow transplantation (n = 3). Two patients achieved a complete remission and one had a minimal improvement in his marrow blast cells. Response was observed after one cycle of IL-2 in the two patients achieving a complete remission. These two patients relapsed at 3 and 4 months. These results showing clinical activity of high-dose recombinant IL-2 in AML invite further evaluation of this new form of immunotherapy in other clinical situations, like an adjuvant setting for selected groups of high-risk patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Histological evolution of peripheral T-cell lymphomas. Study of six cases.

The authors report 6 cases of histological transformation in peripheral T-cell lymphomas of low grade of malignancy. The transformation occurs in 75% of the cases, in extra-nodal sites and corresponds to a monomorphic of pleiomorphic large cell type. There is no discordance in the immunologic results between the two phases. The transformation seems to occur earlier than in B lymphomas, with a relative frequency of hematological manifestations and no therapeutic response.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

High-dose cytosine arabinoside and mitoxantrone in previously-treated acute leukemia patients.

35 patients with refractory or relapsed acute leukemia received salvage chemotherapy using high-dose cytosine arabinoside 2 g/m2 intravenously for 3 hours every 12 h, in 8 doses, followed by continuous infusion of mitoxantrone 12 mg/m2/day for 2 d. 9 patients had acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), (4 relapsed, 5 refractory), 20 had acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) (11 relapsed, 9 refractory) and 6 had chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) in the blastic phase (BP). 4 out of 9 AML and 16 out of 20 ALL achieved complete remission. Median survival was 6 months for all patients and 10 months for responders. A short (1.5 months) chronic phase was achieved in 3 patients with CML. The main toxic effect was hematologic. A pharmacokinetic study was performed on mitoxantrone. No correlation was found with clinical response. The combination of mitoxantrone and ara-C is an effective antileukemic regimen, especially in ALL.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Multicentric bone chloroma disclosed by pleural cytology].

We report a case of granulocytic sarcoma of the bone with pleural involvement diagnosed upon cytologic analysis of the pleural fluid (centrifugation spots stained by May-Grunwald-Giemsa) and confirmed by more complex investigations, i.e., demonstration of granulomonocytic membrane antigens by immunohistochemical monoclonal antibody techniques on frozen sections of the tumor. This case draws attention to the value of cytologic studies in granulocytic sarcomas whose histologic features are suggestive of lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Translocation (3;21) in Philadelphia positive chronic myeloid leukemia: high resolution chromosomal analysis and immunological study on five new cases.

Translocation t(3;21)(q26;q22) is a rare but nonrandom event occurring in Philadelphia positive chronic myeloid leukemia. We describe five new cases (two males, three females) where t(3;21) is associated with the progression of the disease. Using FACS analysis, we confirm the myeloid type of the blast crisis. High resolution chromosomal analysis allowed us to define more precisely the chromosomal breakpoints to 3q26.2 and 21q22.2, close to the respective localizations of two genes important in cell proliferation and cancer pathogenesis: the transferrin receptor gene and the ets.2 proto-oncogene.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Etoposide and cisplatinum in resistant lymphomas.

Etoposide and cisplatinum have used separately to treat refractory lymphomas. This report describes 22 patients in whom these two agents were used in conjunction. All had been extensively treated with standard therapies previously. The combination of etoposide and cisplatinum was chosen on the basis of preclinical evidence for synergy and because these agents do not cross-react. Cisplatinum was continuously infused for 5 days at a dose of 15 mg/m2/d. As a push a 100 mg/m2/d dose of etoposide was injected on days 1 and 2 of treatment. This schedule produced good responses in 18 patients, i.e. 15 partial remissions and three complete remissions. The side effects were acceptable.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Chronic lymphoid leukemia in young subjects].

A total of 8% of chronic lymphocytic leukemias (CLL) occur in young people, before the fourth decade, and can be considered as a specific clinical form of CLL. We report 24 cases of young CLL treated since 1975. The clinical course has the same characteristics in young as in old people except for the high tumoral B stage which has a worse prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

[Dysmyelopoiesis and T lymphoma. 2 cases].

The role played by T lymphocytes in myelopoiesis has been established in in vitro studies. Dysregulation of the lymphoid system results in quantitative and, more rarely, qualitative abnormalities of myelopoiesis. The authors report the clinical data of two cases of peripheral T cell lymphoma associated with an AREB type of dysmyelopoiesis. The fact that both conditions were diagnosed simultaneously and progressed in parallel is an indirect argument in favour of the regulation of myelopoiesis by the T lymphocytes.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

New parameters in erythrocyte counting. Value of histograms.

In this report we rate a new, third-generation automated hematology system (Technicon Instruments H-1) that can furnish a full range of values, including erythrocyte parameters and a leukocyte differential count. Particular attention is focused on erythrocyte morphometric parameters, including measurement of cell size and hemoglobin content on a cell-by-cell basis. We assess the usefulness of new parameters derived from these measurements, such as mean corpuscular volume and red blood cell distribution width, which characterize cell size, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, and hemoglobin distribution width, which characterize cell hemoglobinization in evaluating normal and abnormal subjects. The value of these parameters in classifying anemias is assessed in our patient population that includes those with iron deficiency anemias and thalassemias, as well as other forms of anemia.

Anemia↗
PubMed1986

Treatment of malignant lymphoma with high dose of chemo or chemoradiotherapy and bone marrow transplantation.

Twenty-eight patients with malignant lymphoma were treated with high dose chemo or chemoradiotherapy and allogeneic or autologous bone marrow transplantation. They can be divided in two groups: Group 1: (19 pts) consisted in patients in relapse or in n complete remission (n greater than 2) (high risk patients); Group 2 (9 pts) consisted in patients in first or second complete remission at time of bone marrow graft (standard risk patients). Complete remission was achieved in 11/17 patients evaluable for response (65%). Duration of response is very different for two groups: in group 1, all patients relapsed within a median of 2 months (range: 1-12) and died within a median of 7 months (range: 2.5-15). In group 2, 7/9 are alive and well in unmaintained CCR in a median of greater than 18 months (range: greater than 15- greater than 36) (P less than 0.01). This experience shows the feasibility of this approach, the obvious antitumoral activity of these conditioning regimens and invited us to use such therapy at an earlier stage of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[Castelman's angiofollicular hyperplasia of multifocal form Apropos of 2 cases].

Castelman described as angiofollicular hyperplasia (AFH) a benign lymphovascular hyperplasia forming a single tumour, classically situated in the mediastinum. A multifocal lymph node form of AFH was individualised by Leibetseder and Turner about 10 years ago (MAFH). This is a rare syndrome, the clinical and biological characteristics of which are almost identical to angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AIL). The only difference is in the histology of the ganglia which shows changes of AFH. We report two cases of MAFH. In one patient with histological confirmation of splenic involvement the evolution was subacute. In the second case, the histological features of the lesions were observed to change during successive biopsies: appearances of AFH changed to typical AIL. This observation suggests that MAFH may be a disorder of the immune system. Usually considered as benign lymphatic hyperplasia with a chronic evolution, the long-term development of lymphoma poses the problem of the evolutionary potential of this condition, which may be likened to AIL in which lymphomatous transformation is also recognised.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Phase-I-II study of high-dose melphalan and autologous marrow transplantation in adult patients with poor-risk non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Eleven adult patients with poor-risk non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with high-dose melphalan (140 mg/m2) or high-dose combination chemotherapy (BCNU, Ara-C, vindesine and melphalan) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation. Six of the eight patients evaluable for response achieved complete remission and one achieved partial remission. Response duration ranged from 1.5 to 12 months (median 2 months). Prompt hematological recovery occurred in all patients. The duration of aplasia and the extrahematological toxicity were similar in both groups. High-dose melphalan alone or associated with other drugs followed by marrow infusion appears to produce a high response rate and demonstrates the potential for salvaging patients with refractory lymphoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Methotrexate-vindesine association in leukemia: pharmacokinetic study.

Methotrexate (MTX) and vindesine (VDS) have both been found effective in the treatment of acute leukemia. With regard to their pharmacological effects at the cellular level they can reportedly interact. Administration of MTX at high dose levels has been suggested as both a curative and preventive treatment of blastic meningitis. The purpose of this work was to determine whether an injection of VDS leads to any change in MTX clearance and uptake in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The plasma pharmacokinetic and CSF influx of MTX and VDS were assayed after high dose systemic MTX with an intravenous bolus of VDS administered in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The MTX concentration was determined by enzymatic assay and VDS by radio immunoassay. No interrelation between these drugs was found. MTX levels in the CSF were sufficient for therapeutic effectiveness but were not affected by intravenous VDS. Detectable amounts of VDS were observed in the CSF but were not altered by MTX.

Adult↗