Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D S Taylor

Publications and source records attributed to D S Taylor.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

The genetic implications of optic disc anomalies.

Congenital anomalies of the optic disc may be inherited, such as drusen, the tumours of Von Hippel-Lindau disease, the phakomata in tuberous sclerosis and colobomata which may be dominant, autosomal recessive or x-linked recessive. Colobomata may be a sign of chromosomal disease, often with severe systemic implications, but it is just as important that some anomalies have no genetic implications, for instance optic disc hypoplasia, Aicardi's syndrome, the Morning Glory syndrome, myelinated nerve fibres, many vascular anomalies and all glial anomalies.

Child↗
PubMed1984

A syndrome of congenital retinal dystrophy and saccade palsy--a subset of Leber's amaurosis.

Three children who presented in infancy with a severe visual defect and absent or barely recordable electroretinograms, with relatively well preserved visually evoked cortical potentials, were subsequently found to have vertical and horizontal saccade palsies with head thrusts but relatively good visual acuity. These children, who were clearly different from other infants with congenital retinal dystrophy, were also developmentally delayed and had systemic motor and speech defects, but their visual prognosis was relatively good. The recognition of their saccade palsy was delayed because their poor visual attention in infancy was ascribed purely to the tapetoretinal degeneration. We consider these patients represent a clear subset of those patients who are diagnosed as having congenital retinal dystrophy or Leber's amaurosis.

Blindness↗
PubMed1982

Risks and difficulties of the treatment of aphakia in infancy.

In a clinic where 250 children have been fitted with contact lenses between 1976 and 1982, one hundred and five were bilateral infantile aphakic patients. A review of the data sheets of 43 bilateral infantile aphakic patients in this group implies that the corneal complications of treatment are substantial but surmountable and that the risks and difficulties of contact lens treatment are probably justifiable if the recent reports of improved visual function in these patients are substantiated.

Amblyopia↗
PubMed1980

Juvenile Batten's disease: an ophthalmological assessment of 26 patients.

Twenty-six children with juvenile Batten's disease are reviewed. On clinical and histological evidence they appear to represent a specific disease entity, which though rare is a substantial cause of blindness in children aged 5--15 years. Children present with rapid progressive visual loss at age 6--7 years, early mental deterioration, and fits about 2--4 years later, and this is the stage at which the diagnosis is usually made. Macular degeneration appears to be a consistent early feature, and peripheral retinal changes become more marked as the disease progresses. Phototoxicity may possibly play a part in the retinal degeneration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Blindness and paraplegia in severe childhood hypertension.

3 children with severe renal hypertension and bilateral infarction of the optic nerves are described. 1 patient also had a transverse myelopathy. Such complications may perhaps be prevented by earlier detection of hypertension and gradual reduction of blood-pressure.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1975

Biochemical and haematological changes during the induction of labour at term with oxytocin, prostaglandin E-2 and prostaglandin F-2alpha.

A total of 75 patients had labour induced near term using intravenous oxytocin, prostaglandin E-2 or prostaglandin F-2alpha. Biochemical and haematological investigations were performed to assess hepatic, renal and adrenocortical function and changes in platelet adhesiveness. In doses which were similarly effective in inducing labour, both prostaglandins were without the water-retaining effect of oxytocin. Adrenocortical stimulation was greatest with oxytocin. No difference between these agents was observed for the other measurements made.

Alkaline Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clonal stability and mutation in the self-fertilizing hermaphroditic fish, Rivulus marmoratus.

Previous investigations of natural populations of the hermaphroditic, self-fertilizing fish species Rivulus marmoratus demonstrated a surprising amount of interclonal differentiation among highly polymorphic "DNA fingerprint" loci. The genetic differentiation observed among clones was thought to be the effect of extreme population mixing because of high rates of migration and population extinction. It was demonstrated that mutation rates at hypervariable loci would have to exceed 10(-4) on average to alone account for the observed interclonal differences. The present study reports that, among laboratory lines of this species, mutation rates at the most unstable set of hypervariable loci are not greater than 3.52 x 10(-4), and are probably lower. Mutation rates at several other sets of loci are even lower. A field transplantation study demonstrated complete clonal stability over several generations. These results suggest that the high interclonal differences observed in natural populations of this species is not caused by a generally higher rate of mutation at these specific loci.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Postoperative endophthalmitis in children following cataract surgery.

Three children developed endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. Each had signs and symptoms of either nasolacrimal duct obstruction or upper respiratory infection at the time of surgery. The causative organisms were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Final visual acuities were 6/24, LP, and NLP, respectively. Endophthalmitis after cataract surgery in infants has never been reported. These three cases drawn from two pediatric ophthalmology practices represent an incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis of 0.45%. Although this incidence report is potentially spurious, it indicates that postoperative endophthalmitis is a very real threat in infants. We recommend a thorough systems review and exam of upper airways and lacrimal system before undertaking intraocular surgery in young children. We also caution against simultaneous bilateral surgery.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Bilateral blinding uveitis in a child after secondary intraocular lens implantation for unilateral congenital cataract.

A 3-year-old boy underwent secondary implantation of an iris supported intraocular lens following extraction of a unilateral congenital cataract. Eight months later, he developed a bilateral plastic uveitis which, in spite of intensive medical treatment, resulted in NPL (no perception of light) in the implanted eye and 2/60 vision in the fellow eye. Sympathetic ophthalmia possibly played a role in the pathogenesis of the uveitis.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗