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Biomedical subjects

D S Rosen

Publications and source records attributed to D S Rosen.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1996

Vitamin A deficiency and xerophthalmia in western Yemen.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of xerophthalmia and the extent of vitamin A deficiency in western Yemen. DESIGN: A stratified cluster sample of children aged 1-5 years with clinical examination for signs of xerophthalmia as well as blood serum survey. SETTING: The 18 districts of western Yemen, of which 10 clusters were chosen at random. SUBJECTS: All children aged 1-5 years resident in the cluster sites (n = 2438). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical signs of xerophthalmia, a history of night blindness, serum retinol levels in a random sample of clinically normal children (n =338) in addition to all children with xerophthalmia. RESULTS: Night blindness was found in 0.5% of the children, Bitot's spots in 1.7%, corneal ulceration in 0.04% and corneal scars in 0.04% Of the subsample, 7.2% (95% confidence interval [c.i.] 4.4-10.0%) had serum retinol values below 10 micrograms/dl; 63.0% (95% c.i. 57.6- 68.4%) had values below 20 micrograms/dl. CONCLUSIONS: Xerophthalmia and vitamin A deficiency are public health problems in western Yemen.

Child Nutrition Disorders↗
PubMed1994

Risk factors for vitamin A deficiency in rural areas of the Philippines.

A survey of vitamin A deficiency was conducted in January and February 1991 on the island of Mindanao in the Philippines. Demographic, serum retinol, conjunctival impression cytology (CIC), anthropometric, and dietary data were collected from 248 preschool children in five randomly selected rural communities on the outskirts of Davao City. Twenty-nine per cent [95 per cent confidence interval (CI) 23-35 per cent] of preschool children had serum retinol levels below 20 micrograms/dl. Nearly 6 per cent (95 per cent CI 3-9 per cent) had serum retinol levels below 10 micrograms/dl. Thirty-two per cent (95 per cent CI 25-38 per cent) had abnormal CIC findings. The correlation between serum retinol and CIC results was poor. Recent history of diarrheal disease, reported night blindness, maternal education less than 9 years, and infrequent consumption of eggs, mangoes, and liver were associated with increased risk of vitamin A deficiency.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1993

Transition to adult health care for adolescents and young adults with cancer.

As the prognosis for children and adolescents with cancer improves, we must reconsider how we will provide care to the adolescents and young adults who have survived these conditions. On the premise that the global needs of adults are best served by health care obtained in the adult health-care system, the case is made for transition from pediatric to adult-oriented health care for adolescents and young adults with cancer. The benefits of transition, barriers to implementation, and models of care are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Methcathinone.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Prevention of transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease: selection of an adequate dose of gamma radiation.

To determine the optimal dose of gamma radiation necessary to inhibit T-lymphocyte function and prevent transfusion-acquired graft-versus-host disease (TA-GVHD), a donor plateletpheresis component was initially divided into ten 20-mL samples. One sample was not irradiated, while the other nine samples were treated with gamma radiation at doses ranging from 500 to 4500 cGy. T-lymphocyte function was subsequently measured by mixed lymphocyte cultures and mitogen stimulation assays. The results were assessed in each test by calculating the percentage of inhibition of each irradiated sample as compared to that of the unirradiated sample. The accuracy of the delivered dose of gamma radiation was measured with thermoluminescent dosimeters. It was concluded that a nominal dose of 3000 cGy (actual dose delivered, 2898 cGy) is the appropriate amount of gamma radiation needed to eliminate T-lymphocyte-mediated graft-versus-host disease.

Gamma Rays↗
PubMed1991

Pubertal growth and sexual maturation for adolescents with chronic illness or disability.

In adolescents with chronic illness or disability, the progress of puberty may be abnormal. Growth or sexual maturation may be delayed. In some cases, adulthood may be characterized by short stature or sexual immaturity. Genetic endowment, nutritional deficiency, or concomitants of treatment all may contribute to disordered growth; frequently the basis of abnormal physical development in adolescence is multifactorial. This paper reviews the major mechanisms by which chronic conditions may interfere with puberty and discusses the effects of common chronic conditions on the pubertal process.

Adolescent↗