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Biomedical subjects

D S Muckle

Publications and source records attributed to D S Muckle.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Fractures of the femoral neck in the 'young' elderly.

Eighty-six patients, aged under 60 years, who had sustained fractures of the femoral neck, were studied, as well as the circumstances of injury and the long term medication they may have had. They were divided into two groups: 'injured' (38), with an average age of 41 years, and the 'uninjured' (48), with an average age of 55 years. Unlike other series, the male to female ratio was equal. Trochanteric fractures were more common in men involved in high speed accidents and the prognosis was excellent, but subcapital fractures were most frequent in patients with concurrent illness and 77 per cent were taking drugs which could affect bone density. The prognosis in these relatively young patients with subcapital fractures was no different from that in much older patients: 28.5 per cent developed avascular necrosis and 21.4 per cent required prosthetic replacement.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

A double-blind trial of flurbiprofen and aspirin in soft-tissue trauma.

A double-blind trial of flurbiprofen (150 mg daily) and aspirin (3.6 g daily) for six days was carried out in 52 soft-tissue injuries in 28 professional footballers. An analysis of daily pain scores in both injury categories (trauma and sprains) showed that players taking flurbiprofen had significantly lower pain scores from day 2 onwards compared to the aspirin group (P less than 0.01), the effect being more marked in the trauma subgroup. Flurbiprofen was significantly better than aspirin in reducing the time taken to achieve both training and match fitness, and 65% of the players taking flurbiprofen were able to train within three days of injury compared to 35% taking aspirin (P less than 0.05). The possible effects of both anti-inflammatory agents on prostaglandin metabolism are discussed, and their role in soft-tissue trauma outlined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Iatrogenic factors in femoral neck fractures.

A study of 200 femoral neck fractures in ambulant patients showed that 62 per cent of subcapital and 58 per cent of trochanteric fractures occurred without a significant history of injury. It was also observed that almost 70 per cent of patients in this group were on long-term medication which could affect bone density. In the remaining patients with a definite history of injury, only 20 per cent and 21 per cent respectively were on long-term therapy, figures which corresponded to the 18 per cent of patients on prolonged medication attending with minor injuries (age- and sex-matched). The action of corticosteroids, thyroxine, phenobarbitone, phenytoin, frusemide and bendrofluazide on bone density and their responsibility for femoral neck fractures are discussed.

Adrenal Cortex Hormones↗
PubMed1976

A comparative study of flurbiprofen and aspirin in soft tissue trauma.

A double blind study using flurbiprofen (2-(2-fluoro-4-biphenylyl propionic acid) 150 mg daily and soluble aspirin (3.6 g daily) for 5 days immediately after injury, was carried out in 52 soft tissue injuries to the lower limb in professional sportsmen. Flurbiprofen was more effective than aspirin in producing analgesia (when daily pain scores were considered) after day 2 (p less than 0.02); and flurbiprofen produced a more effective resolution of soft tissue trauma when days to training and match play were considered (p less than 0.05). The inhibitory effects of flurbiprofen on prostaglandin biosynthesis and tissue action are mentioned and the use of anti-inflammatory agents given immediately after soft tissue injuries discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1974

Intrasarcolemmal proliferation of the VX2 carcinoma.

The VX2 carcinoma has been used extensively as an experimental model for different aspects of tumour behaviour and is usually maintained by serial intramuscular injections of tumour cells. The tumour grows rapidly, infiltrating between muscle bundles into the fibrous tissue replacing ischaemic muscle and into the vascular tree. The most interesting method of spread occurs within the sarcolemma and this may be responsible for the rounded cell nests described in this tumour.

Animals↗
PubMed1974

The selective effect of heat in cancer.

Heat (42 degrees C) exerted an inhibitory effect on the oxygen uptake of the rabbit VX2 carcinoma in vitro and led to a decrease in viability and growth potential of the cells as measured by vital dye uptake and their ability to produce tumours on injection into a host. Normal host tissue cells were unaffected by elevated temperatures. After heating in vivo, tumours showed an 80-95% reduction in volume, with marked necrosis of the tumour cells. Later, macrophage invasion and replacement fibrosis were evident. There was a 50% survival rate in animals treated by local heating and a 30% survival rate in those treated by total body heating, while all the control rabbits died at 10 weeks. The selective inhibitory effect of heat on cancer cells and its application to human neoplasms are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1973

Hyperthermia (42 degrees C) as an adjuvant to radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the treatment of the allogeneic VX2 carcinoma in the rabbit.

As assessed by decrease in tumour volume and inhibition of tumour cell respiration and glycolysis, hyperthermia (intra-tumour temperature 42°C for one hour) potentiated the destructive effect of radiotherapy (1000 rad) on the allogeneic VX2 carcinoma in the hind limb of rabbits, and chemotherapy (methotrexate) produced a similar potentiation of irradiation. The resulting regression of the primary tumour in each case after dual therapy was comparable to that occurring after 3 applications of local hyperthermia, which has been shown to cure 50% of animals with this carcinoma. Combination therapy did not increase the survival time of the rabbits, however, all of which had lung and lymph node metastases at autopsy. The results focus attention on the relationship between a primary tumour and its metastases. The histological picture and the animal survival data suggest that the mechanism of tumour cell death and resorption of necrotic material following treatment may be important in enabling the host to deal with metastatic cells. After combination therapy, many metabolically and mitotically active cancer cells remained in the tumour mass, and the incomplete destruction of the primary tumour may have left the host with a burden of tumour cells too large to be destroyed by the immune system.

Animals↗
PubMed1971

The selective inhibitory effect of hyperthermia on the metabolism and growth of malignant cells.

Hyperthermia (42° C.) exerted an inhibitory effect on the O(2) uptake of rabbit VX2 carcinoma cells in vitro, and led to a decrease in viability and growth potential of the cells, as measured by their ability to produce tumours in rabbits. Anaerobic glycolysis of the tumour cells was unaltered by hyperthermia. Respiration and anaerobic glycolysis of normal rabbit liver, kidney and red blood cells were unaffected by the elevated temperature. Local heat was applied to established VX2 tumours in vivo, with a subsequent reduction in tumour size in all cases, the most effective therapy regime being 3 one-hour applications of heat within the mean cell generation time of the tumour. Following heating there was rapid and widespread tumour cell necrosis and lysis, with subsequent replacement of the tumour architecture by connective tissue. There was a prolongation of survival time in 50% of the treated animals, which are still alive 18 months after therapy; all the control animals died within 10 weeks. The selective inhibitory effects of hyperthermia on cancer cells, and its application to human neoplasms, are discussed.

Anaerobiosis↗
PubMed1970

Sports injuries.

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Athletic Injuries↗