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Biomedical subjects

D S Martsolf

Publications and source records attributed to D S Martsolf.

15 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

Codependency and related health variables.

Codependency is a controversial concept especially for feminist scholars who are concerned about pathologizing traditional female roles. This study's purpose was to determine: (1) the prevalence of codependency in a sample of older women who because of age may ascribe to traditional roles; (2) how the Hughes-Hammer/Martsolf theoretical model of codependency relates to other health variables; and (3) whether previous findings about the relationship between codependency and depression replicate. Survey design was used with a sample of 238 women (ages 65 to 91) attending a flu shot clinic. Subjects completed the Codependency Assessment Tool, Beck Depression Inventory, Quality of Life Scale, Perceived Health Report, Measurement of Patient Functional Abilities, and Illness Prevention Screening Behaviors Checklist. Of these women, 99% had low codependency scores. Statistically significant correlations existed between codependency and perceived health (p < .01), and functional ability (p < .01). Codependency was not significantly correlated with illness prevention behaviors and quality of life. Codependency and depression, as in previous studies, were significantly correlated (r = .446, p = .0001). Using analysis of variance, 3 codependency subscales had significant positive effect on depression: Low Self-Worth, Medical Problems, and Hiding Self. Further studies should examine the degree of ascribing to traditional female roles in women dealing with codependency issues.

Activities of Daily Living↗
PubMed1999

Codependency in male and female helping professionals.

The purpose of this study is to determine and compare the prevalence of codependency in a group of 77 female and a group of 72 male helping professionals. Relatively low rates of codependency were observed in this sample, and the five-factor structure of the Codependency Assessment Tool (CODAT) was replicated. Males showed slightly higher codependency than females on the total CODAT and on the Hiding Self and Family of Origin Issues subscales. The CODAT was shown to be relevant to both males and females. Further research is needed to determine if a general population of male and female subjects would yield similar results.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Peer review of teaching: instituting a program in a college of nursing.

Institutions of higher education can lose sight of the importance of teaching. Teaching, in some settings, needs to be restored to its place of primacy in the faculty role and its quality needs to be evaluated. The American Association for Higher Education (AAHE) national project, "From Idea to Prototype: The Peer Review of Teaching," is an attempt to accomplish that purpose. Involvement in the AAHE national peer review project has been the impetus for the Kent State University College of Nursing to initiate a faculty-developed program of peer review. The program has been well received primarily because it was owned and controlled by the faculty. Its voluntary nature, administrative sanction, and strong support have contributed to its success. Faculty explored many possible methods to accomplish peer review. However, the use of a task force, classroom and clinical observations, and teaching circles have been the approaches best suited to this particular departmental culture.

Education, Nursing↗
PubMed1998

Development and testing of the codependency assessment tool.

Codependency constitutes a significant health risk, particularly for women, because codependent women are often involved in abusive and potentially harmful relationships. Individuals who are identified as codependent can engage in therapy and gain knowledge and freedom from such relationships. However, there is no reliable and valid measure of codependency that is consistently used to identify these individuals. This article describes the development and testing of the Codependency Assessment Tool, a multivariate tool that conceptualizes codependency as a construct comprising five factors: (1) Other Focus/Self-Neglect, (2) Low Self-Worth, (3) Hiding Self, (4) Medical Problems, and (5) Family of Origin Issues. The instrument has excellent reliability and validity. Its test-retest reliabilities = .78 to .94; Cronbach's alpha = .78 to .91. Criterion validity was determined to be established by using known groups; construct validity was established by comparing the codependency dimensions with depression.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Depression and codependency in women.

Seven million American women are depressed, and 40 million Americans, primarily women, have been labeled as codependent. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of codependency in women undergoing treatment for depression, examine the relationship between codependency and depression, and determine which of the symptoms of codependency are most highly predictive of depression scores. Depression and codependency were measured in a sample of 105 depressed women by using the Beck Depression Inventory and the Codependency Assessment Tool. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's Product Moment Correlation, and multiple regression were used for analysis. Of these depressed women, 36% were moderately to severely codependent. Depression and codependency were strongly related, with the significant gamma = .92 (P < .001). Of the codependency subscales, Low Self-Worth and Hiding Self correlate most strongly with depression; Other Focus/Self-Neglect added the least-independent--explanatory power. Thus, future research should be directed toward the relationship of codependency to power, alienation of self, and personality disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

The concept of spirituality in nursing theories: differing world-views and extent of focus.

Although nursing has recognized spirituality as an important aspect of holistic patient care, exactly what spirituality means has remained rather amorphous. The purpose of this article is to present aspects of spirituality found in modern nurse theorists' ideas. These aspects are presented both in relation to reciprocal interaction or simultaneous action world-views and in relation to the extent of focus on the concept within the model or theory. This discussion will provide the researcher and practitioner with additional theoretical understanding on which to ground investigations and base practice.

Holistic Nursing↗
PubMed1998

Cultural factors related to the peer review of teaching.

Since 1994, the American Association for Higher Education Peer Review of Teaching Project has sought to popularize the notion that teaching is both a scholarly activity and community property to be shared with and critiqued by the larger academic community. In order to accomplish these goals, each of the three academic units at the twelve participating universities developed a pilot project that conformed to its own institutional, academic unit, and disciplinary culture. At a large Midwestern university, the academic units of mathematics, history, and nursing developed different projects. Each of these projects took account of the unit's specific culture, and this fact helps to account, in large part, for each project's success.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed1997

Cultural aspects of spirituality in cancer care.

OBJECTIVES: To recognize the significant relationship between culture and spirituality; to offer techniques for assessing the influence of culture on spirituality. DATA SOURCES: Books and journal articles from nursing and anthropology. CONCLUSION: Patients' spirituality may be determined entirely by cultural norms, in opposition to cultural norms, or by both these norms and individual life experiences. A thorough assessment of a patient's spirituality with careful attention to the degree to which that spirituality is affected by the patient's cultural background is essential. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses who care for persons with cancer need to undertake a process of self-assessment of their spirituality before providing spiritual care for patients. Such an assessment helps to prevent cultural imposition.

Holistic Nursing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Distance education: pedagogy for psychiatric-mental health nursing.

Education of undergraduates in mental health nursing necessitates modeling interpersonal relationships and providing accessible educational experiences. This article describes (1) a distance education strategy that promotes interpersonal learning, and (2) a qualitative study exploring faculty's experience with this pedagogy. Several themes emerged from the data: I Feel Like I'm In A Different World; I Don't Get To Know The Students; They Have My Face; I Am Caught Up In The Technology; It Is A Lot Like Teaching In The Classroom; and It Is Helping Me Grow In My Teaching. A metaphor, "bringing it to life," captures faculty members' capability to change lifeless lecture content into a learning experience involving human beings.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Orthodox Christian beliefs and homophobia in baccalaureate nursing students.

Religion is an important factor in attitudes formed about groups, specifically homosexuals. Nursing education does little to inhibit homophobia in students. Sophomore (n = 87) and senior (n = 87) nursing students completed a demographic questionnaire, the Index of Homophobia (IHP), the Christian Orthodoxy Scale, and the Intrinsic Religious Motivation Scale. Half the students had IHP scores indicative of high-grade nonhomophobia. IHP scores and frequency of church attendance were significantly correlated, as were Christian orthodoxy and homophobia scores. Intrinsic religious motivation and homophobia were inversely related. Implications include the need to provide opportunities for students to discuss religion and attitudes toward homosexuals.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adolescent geographic relocation: theoretical perspective.

This article analyzes the literature related to adolescent geographic relocation. A model of transitions developed by Chick & Meleis (1986) is the basis for the analysis. This analysis suggests that adolescent relocation is a type of life transition, and the relocated adolescents constitute an at-risk population for health status alterations. The relocation transition is defined and its dimensions delineated through the literature review. Preventive nursing intervention for future research and theory development related to adolescent geographic relocation are proposed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cultural aspects of orthopaedic nursing.

In today's highly mobile and transnational healthcare world, attention to the cultural background of orthopaedic patients is no longer a luxury when implementing care. Nurses can overcome cultural blindness by developing an awareness of their own cultural backgrounds and an understanding about nursing values as an expression of cultural norms of the discipline. Developing cultural sensitivity without stereotyping patients is a challenge to the professionalism of the nurse. However, assessment and care of orthopaedic patients can be enhanced by attention to aspects of both the nurse's and the patient's cultural backgrounds. Such analysis can lead to some depth of understanding of the patient and a genuine desire of the nurse to interact with the patient.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The role of the psychiatric/mental health nurse clinical specialist in an adolescent coping skills group.

The psychiatric/mental health nurse clinical specialist is a professional who brings unique skills to the area of mental health prevention. Adolescents are an at-risk population in need of preventive mental health services. This article describes the unique features of a nurse-led adolescent prevention program. A specific Adolescent Coping Skills Group format, which uses the skills of the master's prepared psychiatric nurse, is presented.

Adaptation, Psychological↗