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D S Hartman

Publications and source records attributed to D S Hartman.

86 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

CT of benign cystic teratomas.

The computed tomographic (CT) findings in nine benign cystic teratomas are presented and compared with radiographic, sonographic, and pathologic data. CT rendered a specific diagnosis in six cases and was highly suggestive in two, with results superior to other imaging methods. In each instance, CT was successful in predicting or excluding invasion of adjacent structures, but was not reliable in predicting or excluding adherence to them. Specific CT characteristics of benign cystic teratomas are predominantly fatty mass with a denser dependent element and globular calcification, bone, or teeth in a solid protuberance into the cyst cavity. Suggestive patterns include fatty mass with rim calcification and water density mass with globular calcification and solid tissue elements. Illustrated for the first time are the CT appearances of the different calcifications seen in benign cystic teratomas.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

Wilms' tumor versus neuroblastoma: usefulness of ultrasound in differentiation.

Wilms' tumor and neuroblastoma represent the two most common abdominal malignancies of childhood. Sonograms of 46 cases of neuroblastoma and Wilms' tumor were retrospectively reviewed. Wilms' tumor is usually fairly evenly echogenic or evenly echogenic, with discrete holes corresponding to areas of cystic necrosis. Neuroblastoma is usually quite heterogeneous, with irregular hyperechoic areas intermixed with less echogenic areas. A correct diagnosis was made in 23 of 26 "unknown" cases of Wilms' tumor and neuroblastoma on the basis of sonographic findings alone. This series included one case of Wilms' tumor arising outside the kidney and one case of neuroblastoma invading the kidney. Sonograms show relatively distinct patterns for the two tumors based on textural differences and will probably be most useful in those equivocal cases in which the site of tumor origin is uncertain.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Computed tomography of abdominal fatty masses.

Computed tomographic (CT) scans of 34 cases of abdominal fatty masses were reviewed retrospectively in order to establish criteria for distinguishing benign conditions from malignant tumors. By evaluating location, attenuation, internal consistency, and margination, it is possible not only to make this distinction but frequently to suggest a specific diagnosis. Abdominal fatty masses that are sharply marginated, homogeneous, and that show CT numbers less than or equal to the patient's normal fat can be considered benign. Malignancy should be suspected when an extrarenal abdominal fatty mass displays one or more of the following characteristics: inhomogeneity, infiltration or poor margination, CT numbers greater than the patient's normal fat, or contrast enhancement. Criteria for distinguishing between angiomyolipoma and liposarcoma are also discussed.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1981

Angiomyolipoma: ultrasonic-pathologic correlation.

Previous reports of angiomyolipoma have emphasized the ultrasonic finding of a very echogenic intrarenal mass. Ten cases of angiomyolipoma for which ultrasound examinations were available were retrospectively reviewed and correlated with their pathologic findings, and, when available, with computed tomographic findings to determine if other sonographic patterns could be recognized. In addition to the typical echodense pattern (six cases), a mixed pattern (two cases) and a low sonodense pattern (two cases) were discovered. To determine if the typical echodense pattern is specific for angiomyolipoma, 42 cases of renal cell carcinoma for which ultrasound examinations were available were also retrospectively reviewed. In two cases of renal cell carcinoma echodense patterns that were indistinguishable from those of angiomyolipoma were found. Two conclusions are reached: (a) there is a spectrum of ultrasonic findings with angiomyolipoma, and (b) the presence of an echodense intrarenal mass, although very suggestive of angiomyolipoma, is not pathognomonic.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Mesoblastic nephroma: radiologic-pathologic correlation of 20 cases.

The mesoblastic nephroma is a benign renal tumor that usually appears as a neonatal abdominal mass. The tumor is composed of connective tissue that grows between nephrons and usually replaces most of the renal parenchyma. Radiographic and sonographic images reflect this cellular composition and unique growth pattern. The radiographs of 20 cases of mesoblastic nephroma were correlated with their pathologic findings and are described. Urograms usually demonstrate an intrarenal mass two to seven times larger than the contralateral kidney. Contrast medium is occasionally demonstrated within the tumor and may represent function by nephrons trapped within the mesoblastic nephroma. Sonographic studies correlate well with the gross morphology and may be useful in establishing the relation of the tumor to the kidney. Some neovascularity is present on angiographic examination and most tumors are hypervascular. Prognosis after complete excision is excellent and adjunctive therapy is unnecessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Angiomyolipoma: computed tomographic-pathologic correlation of 17 cases.

The angiomyolipoma is a benign renal tumor composed of fat, smooth muscle, and abnormal blood vessels. The tumor often extends into the perinephric space and often is complicated by intratumoral or perinephric hemorrhage. The CT findings of 17 cases of angiomyolipoma were correlated with their pathologic findings and are described. CT scans usually demonstrate a large fatty mass intermixed with areas of tissue density which may represent nonfatty parts of the tumor or areas of hemorrhage. CT is more sensitive than plain films at detecting the fat within the angiomyolipoma. CT is also useful in identifying perinephric extension and hemorrhage. In those angiomyolipomas composed primarily of smooth muscle or in which intratumoral hemorrhage has obscured the fatty part of the tumor, the CT appearance is indistinguishable from other solid renal tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Endometrial stromal tumors, their varied radiographic patterns.

There is a spectrum of endometrial stromal neoplasms which extends from borderline benign to low-grade malignant. These have a definite tendency to metastasize. Proper diagnosis is important because they have an excellent prognosis with long-term survival even with evidence of recurrence or metastases. Aggressive treatment is mandatory. This represents the first report of the radiographic spectrum of the entity as seen in 7 cases. The patients are usually in middle age and present with vaginal bleeding. Not previously stressed is the presence of diarrhea in many of them. Prior uterine surgery even for "fibroids" should be viewed with suspicion. A pelvic mass was usually seen on plain films, intervenous pyelogram (IVP), or barium enema (BE). Ultrasound showed a mixed cystic configuration of the tumors, whereas computed tomography (CT) demonstrated a definitely solid mass. The lesions simulated primary carcinoma of the colon, retroperitoneal tumor, and pelvic inflammatory disease. Metastases to the lung and the bone were also identified.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Renal parenchymal malacoplakia.

Malacoplakia is a rare inflammatory disease which usually involves the bladder and only rarely affects the renal parenchyma. The clinical, radiographic, and pathological findings in 5 cases of renal parenchymal malacoplakia (RPM) are presented and 30 cases from the literature are reviewed. Most patients are middle-aged women with E. coli pyelonephritis. Radiographically, two patterns of involvement are recognized: multifocal and unifocal. The prognosis depends on the pattern and extent of RPM; long-term survival is possible with appropriate therapy.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Papillary renal cell carcinoma: ultrasonic/pathologic correlation.

Papillary renal cell carcinoma represents a separate clinicopathologic entity distinguished from nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma by angiography, microscopic pathology, and biological behavior. We correlated retrospectively 11 surgically proven papillary renal cell carcinomas with ultrasound patterns and gross pathologic findings. In addition, we reviewed retrospectively 65 surgically proven cases of nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma for sonographic patterns. Seven of 11 (64%) of the papillary tumors were less echogenic than the ipsilateral renal cortex (hypoechoic). Only 23% of the nonpapillary tumors were hypoechoic. These data suggest that renal papillary carcinoma tends to be hypoechoic on ultrasound. In most of the papillary cases, this hypoechoic pattern was due to a large central area of cystic necrosis within the tumor.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Renal medullary cystic disease: assessment by MRI.

Medullary cystic disease is an important cause of renal failure in adolescent patients. Imaging plays a primary role in the diagnosis of this entity as cysts are characteristically seen in the renal medulla and corticomedullary junction with normal to small sized kidneys. Imaging studies that do not use intravenous contrast or ionizing radiation are particularly useful given the young age of these patients and presence of renal failure. In this case, we demonstrate the imaging findings of medullary cystic disease by MRI.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of renal tuberculosis and its pathological correlates.

Computed tomographic studies of eight patients with proven renal tuberculosis demonstrated a spectrum of findings related to the extent and the severity of kidney involvement. In early or focal disease, obstruction of a single major calyx or a group of minor calyces was noted (four cases) with no excretion of contrast material into the affected calyces (three cases) and cortical thinning. Tuberculosis of the renal pelvis (five cases) was manifested by either pelvic dilatation secondary to ureteropelvic junction obstruction (three patients) or diffuse pelvic contraction (two patients). In far advanced disease (four cases) the kidneys were small and exhibited atrophy with replacement of parenchyma by one or more low density areas. Calcifications (37.5%) were identified in the parenchyma and within the calyces. Computed tomography may provide the first clue in suggesting the inflammatory nature of a renal mass and excluding a neoplastic process. Computed tomography is also of value in determining the full extent of extrarenal involvement and the amount of residual functioning parenchyma, both of which are critical in proper treatment planning.

Adult↗