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Biomedical subjects

D S Feigin

Publications and source records attributed to D S Feigin.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1979

The collar button ulcer. A radiologic-pathologic correlation.

The collar button-shaped ulcer is a distinctive radiographic manifestation of inflammatory disease of the GI tract. Its hallmark is mucosal ulceration with undermining submucosal extension limited by the relatively resistant underlying muscle wall. Such a process is commonly associated with ulcerative colitis where it may be seen diffusely in advanced stages of the acute disease. Occasionally, however, it may be seen in any ulcerating inflammatory disease. In the more aggressive transmural diseases, it is likely to be a localized and transient phenomenon. The same pathophysiological mechanism gives rise to the common appearance of benign ulceration anywhere in the GI tract and, particularly, in the undermined gastric ulcer.

Amebiasis↗
PubMed1979

The multiple roentgen manifestations of sclerosing mediastinitis.

Sclerosing mediastinitis is excessive production of fibrous tissue in the mediastinum. Its most common manifestations, widening of the mediastinum and superior vena caval obstruction, are the only roentgenographic findings generally recognized to be associated with this disease. Analysis of 29 cases of sclerosing mediastinitis and review of the literature reveal that compression of mediastinal organs by constricting bands of collagen may cause various roentgen manifestations including bronchial or tracheal obstruction leading to atelectasis or obstructive pneumonitis, pulmonary venous obstruction, pulmonary artery obstruction, esophageal obstruction and nerve entrapment. The most common abnormality seen on the chest roentgenogram, mediastinal widening, is usually superior and especially right paratracheal in location. Superior vena caval compression is smooth and tapered rather than irregular as in malignant disease. Pulmonary venous and arterial obstruction may cause cor pulmonale and death, although the other manifestations are usually not life-threatening. The most common causes of sclerosing mediastinitis are generally considered to be granulomatous diseases, especially histoplasmosis, although many other causes have also been suggested. The disease may be regarded as an inappropriate response to one of several stimuli.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Neural tumors of the thorax: subject review from the AFIP.

160 tumors of neural origin occurring in the thorax were analyzed. The major histological features of schwannoma, neurofibroma, neuroblastoma, ganglioneuroblastoma, ganglioneuroma, and paraganglioma are described. Radiological analysis emphasized shape and location. Calcification was relatively uncommon but may be specific. The comparatively low figures on incidence of rib and vertebral abnormalities might be increased by special studies, including vertebral tomography. Evidence of local spread such as pleura-based nodules and pleural effusion constitutes evidence of malignancy. Age may be the most important clinical parameter for distinguishing between histological types.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Pericardial cysts. A radiologic-pathologic correlation and review.

Pericardial cysts are generally described as round radiodensities typically found at the right cardiophrenic angle in asymptomatic individuals. A review of all cases of pericardial cysts from the files of this Institute reveals that approximately one third of the cysts are found in other locations and that approximately one third of patients have symptoms of chest pain, dyspnea, or persistent cough. The radiographs of 41 patients show that in all but 6 of the cases the cyst is visualized as a round radiodensity touching both the hemidiaphragm and the anterior chest wall. Surprisingly, 15 of the 41 occurred on the left border of the heart. The six cysts significantly above the diaphragm were difficult to diagnosis radiologically and were usually mistaken for thymomas or pulmonary masses; two such cysts caused bronchial obstruction. In general, the possibility that a mass in either anterior cardiophrenic angle is a pericardial cyst should be strongly considered, even if the mass is on the left side and even if the patient is symptomatic.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Nonmalignant lymphoid disorders of the chest.

Several nonmalignant lymphoid disorders involve the lung parenchyma or the mediastinal or hilar lymph nodes. The pulmonary parenchymal lesions include lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis, pseudolymphoma, and lymphomatoid granulomatosis. These disorders are generally not accompanied by lymph node enlargement. Lymph nodes (e.g., in the mediastinum and hilum) are involved in lymphadenitis, giant lymph node hyperplasia, and a new and unclearly defined entity called angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy. An awareness of the distinction between these reactive disorders and lymphoma is important because the radiologic appearances may be similar. Histologic diagnosis is essential before treatment is initiated. With the exception of angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy and possibly of lymphadenitis, involvement of the pulmonary parenchyma associated with radiologic evidence of lymph node enlargement militates against the presence of any of these nonmalignant disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The efficacy of the brain scan in diagnosis of brainstem gliomas.

Nineteen cases of brainstem glioma were reviewed to evaluate lesion detection by brain imaging and other radiological methods. 99m-Tc-pertechnetate brain imaging was definitely abnormal in only one patient. Other techniques proved to be more sensitive and specific. Angiograms were abnormal in 10 of 18 cases while pneumoencephalography demonstrated the lesion in 16 of 19 cases. Brain imaging is not a sensitive diagnostic study in patients with suspected brainstem glioma. A normal brain scan is not useful in excluding this diagnosis and further radiological evaluation is necessary.

Adolescent↗