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Biomedical subjects

D Rose

Publications and source records attributed to D Rose.

228 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The utility of restriction endonuclease analysis and phage typing in the epidemiologic investigation of a Staphylococcus aureus outbreak in a neonatal nursery.

Outbreaks of Staphylococcus aureus infections in neonatal units require prompt investigation and implementation of control measures. From January to March 1990, a marked increase in the number of S. aureus infections was observed in a neonatal nursery. Twenty-seven S. aureus isolates from 23 patients were analyzed by phage typing and restriction endonuclease analysis (REA). Only nine strains were differentiated by phage type. However, REA with HindIII, CfoI, and ClaI differentiated 20 strains. The REA results indicated that the outbreak was due to several different S. aureus strains and did not represent transmission of a single epidemic strain. REA may enable more accurate determination of the presence or absence of an epidemic strain during an outbreak than would traditional methods such as phage typing.

Bacteriophage Typing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Tissue penetration and half-life of cefonicid.

The pharmacokinetics of cefonicid in the serum and tissues of patients undergoing open heart surgery, vaginal hysterectomy, and hip replacement was studied and compared with that of cefazolin and cefoxitin. Cefonicid achieved serum and tissue concentrations that were higher and more prolonged than those of cefazolin and cefoxitin. For cefonicid parallelism was observed between the serum and tissue concentration-time curves. Correlations of these properties to clinical efficacy were not attempted.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Complex partial seizures: cerebral structure and cerebral function.

We studied the relationships between cerebral structure and function in 10 patients with complex partial seizures who had major cerebral lesions, including porencephalic cysts, tuberose sclerosis, agenesis of the corpus callosum, and cerebral hemiatrophy. Evaluation included computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning, EEG, and positron emission tomography (PET) using [18F]-2-deoxyglucose. Surface EEG usually showed widespread, bilateral epileptiform discharges even if pathology was clearly restricted to one hemisphere. In several cases, interictal PET hypometabolism was more widespread than structural changes seen on CT and MRI, extending to involve the ipsilateral temporal lobe in patients with extratemporal lesions. This study shows that patterns of metabolic and electrophysiologic dysfunction may not be predicted by structural lesions in patients with partial seizure disorders.

Agenesis of Corpus Callosum↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment of infantile spasms with methysergide and alpha-methylparatyrosine.

Twenty-four newly diagnosed and previously untreated infantile spasm patients were treated for 3 weeks with either methysergide (12 patients) or alpha-methylparatyrosine (12 patients). Response to therapy was determined objectively with 24-h polygraphic/video monitoring techniques and was defined as cessation of spasms and disappearance of the hypsarrhythmic EEG pattern. Two (17%) of the patients treated with alpha-methylparatyrosine responded to therapy, and one (8%) of the methysergide-treated group showed a response.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Long-term follow-up of iodine-125 brachytherapy for choroidal melanomas. Part I: Anatomical results and life expectancy.

We report a prospective study of 19 choroidal melanomas treated with iodine-125 plaque from 1984 to 1989. The mean tumor height was 5.8 mm, base diameter 11.6 mm, and tumor volume 80 to 510 mm3. The mean radiation dose to tumor apex was 70 Gy and scleral contact dose 355 Gy; tumor base was surrounded by contiguous laser or cryopexy lesions. Follow-up was 27 to 84 months (mean 60 months). All tumors regressed at least 50% in volume with no tumor regrowth within 27 months to 60 months. Late tumor regrowth, localized in the center, occurred in one eye after 65 and another after 69 months. One tumor was successfully replaqued; the other was not re-treated because the patient had had a recent heart attack. In 17 eyes radiation retinopathy developed after 1 1/2 years, the earliest in a diabetic eye. Despite primary recovery of preoperative vision, there was severe deterioration of visual acuity after 4 1/2 years in all the eyes. During follow-up, two patients died due to metastases after 28 and 71 months; one patient is alive with metastases after 17 months. None of the eyes had to be enucleated. There was no incidence of madaurosis, symblepharon, or dry eye.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[A new variant of the simian T-lymphotropic retrovirus type I (STLV-IF) in the Sukhumi colony of hamadryas baboons].

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed for the detection of simian T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (STLV-1) infection of P. hamadryas and direct sequencing using oligo-nucleotide primer pairs specific for the tax and env regions of the related human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1). Excellent specificity was shown in the detection of STLV-1 provirus in infected baboons by PCR using HTLV-1-derived primers. The nucleotide sequences of env 467bp and tax 159bp of the proviral genome (env position 5700-6137, tax position 7373-7498 HTLV-1, according to Seiki et al., 1983) derived from STLV-1-infected P. hamadryas were analysed using PCR and direct sequencing techniques. Two STLV-1 isolates from different sources (Sukhumi main-SuTLV-1 and forest stocks-STLV-1F) were compared. Two variants of STLV-1 among P. hamadryas with different level of homology to HTLV-1 were wound (83.8% and 95.2%, respectively). A possible role of nucleotide changes in env and tax sequenced fragments and oncogenicity of STLV-1 variants is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Association of linear sebaceous nevus syndrome and unilateral megalencephaly.

We report unilateral megalencephaly in a 14-year-old girl with linear sebaceous nevus syndrome. A review of the radiologic findings in this case and in previously reported cases suggests that the seizures and developmental delay in this neurocutaneous syndrome are related to the migration anomaly of unilateral megalencephaly.

Adolescent↗