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Biomedical subjects

D Resnick

Publications and source records attributed to D Resnick.

At least 541 records · Page 30Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

The sesamoid bones of the hands and feet: participators in arthritis.

The sesamoids generally appear as small ovoid bones adjacent to articulations or at sites where tendons are angled about osseous surfaces. At either location they participate in joint afflictions, the pattern of abnormality being remarkably constant and predictable. Sesamoids may demonstrate osseous erosion in rheumatoid arthritis, bony proliferation or "whiskering" in rheumatoid variants, joint space narrowing and bony ankylosis in septic arthritis, and eburnation and osteophyte formation in osteoarthritis and diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. These changes become particularly important when they occur in the absence of significant adjacent articular disease. In these instances, recognition of sesamoid abnormalities allows accurate radiographic diagnosis.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1977

Intra-articular calcification in scleroderma.

Two patients with scleroderma demonstrated intra-articular calcification, which is rarely observed in this disease. The authors suggest that intra-articular calcification and erosion of adjacent cartilage and bone are related.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Calcaneal abnormalities in articular disorders. Rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and Reiter syndrome.

The calcaneus of normal control patients, and those with rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriasis, and Reiter syndrome was studied. Pathological abnormalities of the plantar aponeurosis, Achilles tendon, and retrocalcaneal bursa account for the radiographic alterations. In normal individuals, lateral radiographs show the thickness of the Achilles tendon to be not greater than 8 mm; the retrocalcaneal bursa creates a radiolucency which extends at least 2 mm below the superior surface of the calcaneus. In patients with any of these 4 articular disorders, Achilles tendinitis produces thickening of the tendon, and retrocalcaneal bursitis obliterates the normal radiolucency.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of radiographic abnormalities of the sacroiliac joint in degenerative disease and ankylosing spondylitis.

Degenerative disease of the sacroiliac joint is common in middle-aged and elderly patients. Its radiographic features simulate those of ankylosing spondylitis. Interosseous space narrowing, subchondral sclerosis, and osteophytosis are apparent. Although intraarticular bony ankylosis is generally absent, anterior paraarticular bridging osteophytes resemble true osseous fusion of the joint cavity on frontal radiographs. Focal sclerosis in degenerative disease is most common on the superior and inferior margins of the articular cavity and can usually be differentiated from that accompanying ankylosing spondylitis and osteitis condensans ilii.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Subchondral cysts (geodes) in arthritic disorders: pathologic and radiographic appearance of the hip joint.

A comprehensive study of femoral heads of patients and cadavers with osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteonecrosis, and calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate deposition disease allows insight into the radiographic and pathologic appearance of subchondral radiolucencies in these disorders. The term geode, rather than cyst or pseudocyst, may be a more appropriate decription of these lesions. In osteoarthritis, goedes occur on the pressure segment of the femoral head in association with loss of articular space; in rheumatoid arthritis, they are initially noted at the chondro-osseous junction and subsequently involve the entire femoral head. In osteonecrosis, geodes appear in the necrotic segment of the femoral head. In calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease, geodes resemble those in osteoarthritis but are larger, more numerous, and more widespread.

Arthritis↗
PubMed1977

On the nature and significance of bony proliferation in "rheumatoid variant" disorders.

Radiographic and pathologic abnormalities of the peripheral joints in a cadaver with ankylosing spondylitis are described. Bony proliferation about involved articulations is is characteristic of all "rheumatoid variant" disorders and results from subchondral bony hyperplasia and periosteal new bone formation. Such proliferation may be related to the presence of the histocompatibility antigen B27 in these diseases.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1977

Extaarticular manifestations of septic arthritis of the glenohumeral joint.

Five patients with septic arthritis involving the glenohumeral joint are described. Although initial plain films were normal in all six involved joints, abnormalities were frequent on subsequent examinations, including demineralization (five joints), joint space narrowing (three joints), superior subluxation of the humeral head (three joints), osseous erosion (two joints), and inferior subluxation of the humeral head (one joint). Arthrography was helpful in documenting intraarticular placement of the needle for aspiration, synovial abnormalities, and extraarticular extension of disease. Particularly noteworthy was the occurrence of rotator cuff tears in four of six shoulders, suggesting a possible relationship between joint infection and disruption of the rotator cuff.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Utility of bone scanning in disseminated coccidioidomycosis: case report.

Five cases of disseminated coccidioidomycosis (DC) are presented, to illustrate the complementary nature of bone scanning and radiography in the assessment of skeletal involvement. As shown in other unflammatory and neoplastic processes, bone scanning is more sensitive than radiography in the detection of early skeletal disease, but correlation with radiographs remains a necessity.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Bone scanning in osteolytic Paget's disease: case report.

Technetium-99m polyphosphate bone scans of three elderly patients with osteolytic Paget's disease are presented. Similar findings of increased accumulation of the tracer in the region of diseased bone, and even greater uptake at the advancing edge of osteolysis, are seen in both the skull and long bones. The reason for this scintigraphic pattern is postulated from histologic findings of osteolytic Paget's disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Bony proliferation of terminal toe phalanges in psoriasis: the "ivory" phalanx.

Twenty-eight per cent of our patients with psoriatic arthritis involving the feet demonstrated osseous proliferation and increased radiodensity of the terminal phalanges. This sign, the "ivory" phalanx, is a poorly recognized radiographic manifestation of the disease, but is particularly important in the absence of articular abnormality or of resorption of the tufts. It is almost invariably associated with nail diseases of the same digit.

Bone and Bones↗
PubMed1976

HLA-B27 and modified bone formation.

Of the many associations between histocompatibility antigens and human diseases a prominent one is that between HLA-B27 and inflammatory arthropathies. Hypotheses to explain this association include the B27 gene being linked to a specific immune-response gene required for disease expression and the B27 antigen acting via molecular mimicry with a microorganism or as a microorganism receptor. Alternatively, the HLA-B27 gene might be closely related to a gene which influences bone formation. The finding of a significant association between B27 and Forestier's disease, a disease characterised by abundant new bone formation, supports such a hypothesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

The 'tilt deformity' of the femoral head in osteoarthritis of the hip: a poor indicator of previous epiphysiolysis.

Apparent superomedial migration of the femoral head producing the 'tilt deformity' is the most frequent pattern of femoral head deformity in osteoarthritis of the hip. Previous reports have suggested a relationship to minor degrees of epiphysiolysis in the adolescent. Radiological and pathological examination of femoral heads obtained at the time of total hip replacement for osteoarthritis demonstrate characteristic abnormalities accompanying the 'tilt deformity'. It would appear that, in most patients, this pattern of femoral head migration results not from epiphysiolysis but from a remodelling process in the osteoarthritic joint.

Bone Development↗
PubMed1976

Early abnormalities of pisiform and triquetrum in rheumatoid arthritis.

Erosions on the triquetrum and pisiform are frequent in early rheumatoid arthritis and occur characteristically at 3 sites. (a) A shallow erosion on the proximal medial triquetral "bare" area is related to synovial proliferation at the margin of the radiocarpal cavity, although compressive forces from an adjacent long ulnar styloid may be contributory; (b) an erosive abnormality on the distal medial triquetrum is related to synovial proliferation along the margin of the midcarpal joint; and (c) ring-like erosions on apposing surfaces of the triquetrum and pisiform are produced by pannus within the pisiform-triquetral compartment.

Arthritis, Rheumatoid↗
PubMed1976

Subchondral resorption of bone in renal osteodystrophy.

In a radiographic-pathologic study of the spine and several axial joints in a cadaver with renal osteodystrophy, subchondral resorption of bone is described as an important mechanism of osseous abnormality. Widening and irregularity of the sacroilliac and sternoclavicular joints and symphysis pubis are related predominantly to trabecular destruction beneath cartilage surfaces, substitutive fibrosis, and new bone formation. Subperiosteal abnormalities at these locations produce juxta-articular erosions. The presence of osteitis fibrosa cystica about multiple Schmorl's nodes within the thoracic vertebral bodies suggests that subchondral resorption beneath the cartilage end-plates of the spine may be associated with disk protrusions and represents one further example of hyperparathyroid joint disease.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Clinical and radiographic abnormalities in ankylosing spondylitis: a comparison of men and women.

A clinical and radiographic study of 98 patients with definite ankylosing spondylitis (Rome criteria) was undertaken to evaluate differences in men and women with the disease. Clinical manifestations which were atypical in the 18 female patients when compared to those of the men included older age of disease onset, higher incidence of initial and subsequent peripheral joint disease, more common cervical spine symptomatology, and milder disease course. Radiographic differences in the women included a high incidence of cervical spine abnormalities, a combination of cervical spine and sacroiliac joint alterations with a normal intervening thoracic and lumbar segment, and frequent and severe osteitis pubis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Radiographic and pathologic features of spinal involvement in diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH).

The vertebral involvement of DISH is described from an evaluation of 215 cadaveric spines and 100 patients with the disease. Radiographic features include linear new bone formation along the anterolateral aspect of the thoracic spine, a bumpy contour, subjacent radiolucency, and irregular and pointed bony excrescences at the superior and inferior vertebral margins in the cervical and lumbar regions. Pathologic features include focal and diffuse calcification and ossification in the anterior longitudinal ligament, paraspinal connective tissue, and annulus fibrosis, degeneration in the peripheral annulus fibrosis fibers, L-T-, and Y-shaped anterolateral extensions of fibrous tissue, hypervascularity, chronic inflammatory cellular infiltration, and periosteal new bone formation on the anterior surface of the vertebral bodies.

Cervical Vertebrae↗