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Biomedical subjects

D Resnick

Publications and source records attributed to D Resnick.

At least 325 records · Page 18Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Ultrasonography of the popliteal fossa and lower extremities.

In this article, the numerous proven applications of diagnostic ultrasound to the assessment of disease processes affecting the popliteal fossa and lower extremities have been discussed. Popliteal cysts and aneurysms, hematomas, cellulitis, abscesses, soft tissue neoplasms, and other space-occupying fluid collections are readily identified using this technique. In addition, post-traumatic and inflammatory disorders affecting tendons, synovial thickening and effusion, derangement of articular cartilage, meniscal tears, and alterations in soft tissue thickness as well as foreign bodies are amenable to detection by sonography. With future technologic improvements in transducer design and computerized image reconstruction, diagnostic capabilities of this method in the lower extremities should continue to expand.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1988

Growth related increase in an intervertebral disc space in rats.

Methods have been developed that permit repetitive radiographic measurement of the lumbar L4-5 intervertebral disc space area in the laboratory rat. In using this approach, the coefficient of variation in repetitive determinations was 7.6 +/- 0.7%. Normal rats have been shown to manifest statistically significant increase in disc space area size between 2.5 and 5 months of age.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Magnetic resonance imaging of glenohumeral joint diseases.

Through the application of oblique planes and flexible surface coil techniques, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) promises to be of great clinical value in the evaluation of a variety of pathologic conditions affecting the shoulder. In patients with joint effusions, the tendinous portion of the rotator cuff, glenoid labrum, and bicipital tendon can be readily visualized. This capability has particular relevance in patients with inflammatory disease and traumatic conditions. Rotator cuff atrophy and impingement of the coracoacromial arc upon the supraspinatus muscle and tendon can also be demonstrated. MRI is also useful in the evaluation of shoulder instability.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

High-resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the wrist: normal anatomy.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provided adequate depiction of carpal soft tissue structures in normal volunteers, as well as accurate anatomic correlation with cadaveric specimens. Using a high field strength system and surface coil techniques, the intricate anatomy of the wrist was best defined on long TR short TE images. However, from a practical view, T1 weighted images (TR 600 ms, TE 25 ms) were most useful because of short imaging times, satisfactory image quality, and the absence of motion artifacts. The coronal plane provided the clearest definition of important structures. Potential diagnostic limitations exist due to the inability of MRI to clearly delineate articular cartilage, joint capsules, and small interosseous ligaments. The presence of intra-articular fluid in both living subjects and cadaveric specimens, however, allowed for fine depiction of these structures on T2 weighted images.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Fluid-fluid levels in giant cell tumors of bone: report of two cases.

Fluid-fluid levels have been described in association with aneurysmal bone cysts, telangiectatic osteosarcoma, and a chondroblastoma. We report two cases of giant cell tumors of bone with fluid-fluid levels identified by computed tomography and, in one case, by magnetic resonance imaging. This finding has not previously been associated with giant cell tumors. The radiographic features of the fluid-fluid levels cannot be distinguished from those reported in other osseous neoplasms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Coralline hydroxyapatite bone-graft substitutes in a canine diaphyseal defect model. Radiographic-histometric correlation.

Radiographic and histometric evaluation of a new form of bonegraft substitute derived from reef-building sea coral was performed in a canine diaphyseal defect model. Comparably sized blocks of this material and iliac crest autograft were placed into bilateral surgically created cortical windows in the distal radial diaphyses of 14 dogs. Representative graft specimens of both types underwent densitometric radiography and harvesting at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 months. Histometric analysis of implant specimens revealed satisfactory union and native osseous ingrowth at all time intervals. Graft specimens exhibited adequate union with scant host bone ingrowth at three months, but subsequent progressive appositional closure of cancellous spaces during the ensuing 45 months. Volume fraction and mean width of host bone remained stable in the implants but increased in the grafts due to neocortex formation. Stereologic distribution of bone was homogeneous in both implant and graft specimens, and no evidence for biodegradation of the former was observed. Corrected transmission density determinations accurately reflected these differences but correlated significantly with volume fractions and tissue widths of bone and soft tissue only in the autografts. These results support the successful early application of coralline hydroxyapatite bone graft substitutes as an alternative to autogenous grafting in the clinical setting and emphasize the potential role of noninvasive densitometric techniques in monitoring the incorporation of bone-graft materials.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1987

The high signal intensity meniscus of the knee. Magnetic resonance evaluation and in vivo correlation.

This study describes the different appearances of meniscal abnormalities on magnetic resonance (MR) images and correlates macroscopic and histologic findings. Twenty-three of 40 cadaveric menisci with MR signal abnormalities were examined macroscopically; five of the 23 were studied histologically. In addition, MR studies of seven patients (14 menisci) were examined and findings were correlated arthroscopically. Histologic analysis was performed on two of these menisci. The two major findings on MR images were: (1) abnormal, high, centrally located signal intensity within the meniscus and (2) disruption of the peripheral meniscal contour. Macroscopically evident meniscal degeneration correlated well with findings on MR images in all cases. Histologic abnormalities included microcyst formation and separation of collagen bundles. Four menisci with intact outer contour lines on MR images had macroscopically identifiable tears. In addition, two meniscal tears were appreciated only after intra-articular injection of gadolinium-DTPA. We conclude that MR imaging is superior to macroscopic examination as performed by arthroscopy or arthrotomy for the detection of degenerative meniscal lesions. The technique also accurately identifies meniscal tears, a capability that might be enhanced by prior intra-articular injection of MR contrast agents.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

The radiographic differential diagnosis of juvenile chronic arthritis.

In conclusion, this short communication has emphasized that the well known radiographic features of juvenile chronic arthritis are by no means pathognomonic of this entity. A large differential diagnosis must be considered, including haemophilia, idiopathic multicentric osteolysis, the mucopolysaccharidoses, a variety of skeletal dysplasias, infection, and synovial haemangioma. Correlation of radiographic observations with clinical findings will permit the establishment of an accurate and specific diagnosis in most instances, underscoring the need for close communication between the paediatric radiologist and practising paediatrician.

Arthritis, Juvenile↗
PubMed1987

The horn: a pathognomonic feature of paediatric bone dysplasias.

In conclusion, this brief communication has summarized two fascinating systemic syndromes with the unusual common feature of a pathognomonic radiographic sign. In osteo-onychodysostosis, characteristic osseous horns arise from the posterior iliac wings, whereas in Type IX Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, similar protuberances extend inferiorly from the occiput. Although both conditions are uncommon, an awareness of these horns as specific earmarks of each is important, since early diagnosis may allow preventive intervention for their serious potential complications later in life.

Bone Diseases, Developmental↗
PubMed1987

Destructive noninfectious spondyloarthropathy in hemodialysis patients: a report of four cases.

A rapidly progressive destructive spondyloarthropathy that resembles infectious spondylitis is reported in four patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis for chronic renal disease. Its characteristics are similar to those of a recently recognized entity reported in ten patients in the rheumatology literature. It is believed that the alterations represent a crystal-induced arthropathy because these crystals are known to cause destructive arthropathy in extra-spinal sites, the association of crystal deposits and chronic renal disease in patients undergoing dialysis is well recognized, and calcium hydroxyapatite and calcium pyrophosphate have been recovered from biopsy material in two of the reported 14 cases. Patients with chronic renal disease in whom a rapidly destructive spinal arthropathy develops should have a biopsy of the affected area to exclude infection. Because a crystal-induced destructive process may simulate infection, crystalline analysis should also be performed on the biopsy material.

Female↗
PubMed1987

Focal fat deposition in axial bone marrow: MR characteristics.

One hundred fifty-eight magnetic resonance (MR) imaging studies of the spine were reviewed to assess the frequency and distribution of focal deposits with signal behavior typical of fat in the axial bone marrow. In addition, three fresh cadaveric spines were evaluated with MR imaging and subsequently sectioned for anatomic and histologic correlation. Macroscopic evaluation of the sectioned cadaveric specimens revealed well-defined, yellow areas within the bone marrow that correlated precisely with localized zones of signal intensity characteristic of fat on MR images. Histologic evaluation of these regions demonstrated typical focal fatty replacement of hematopoietic bone marrow. Their appearance was related to age and the presence of pathologic changes such as spondylitis, kyphoscoliosis, and spondylosis. Based upon these observations, focal fatty replacement of hematopoietic bone marrow appears to be a common phenomenon that should not be confused with localized disease processes.

Adipose Tissue↗