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Biomedical subjects

D R Sinar

Publications and source records attributed to D R Sinar.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Verapamil--a potent inhibitor of esophageal contractions in the baboon.

Verapamil, a calcium channel blocking agent, has been shown to be a potent inhibitor of smooth muscle contraction. We studied the effects of verapamil on lower esophageal sphincter pressure and esophageal peristalsis in 5 awake baboons. An infusion of verapamil (80 micrograms/kg . min) decreased amplitude of peristalsis by 63% in the smooth muscle segments of the esophagus but had no effect on striated muscle. Duration of peristaltic waves in the smooth muscle portion of the esophagus was also shortened, but there was no effect on velocity of the contraction wave. Lower esophageal sphincter pressure decreased by 74% during verapamil infusion. These studies suggest that verapamil or other calcium channel blocking agents may be of potential use in the treatment of esophageal motility disorders associated with increased pressure.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Prostaglandin E1 effects on resting and cholinergically stimulated lower esophageal sphincter pressure in cats.

Intraluminal esophageal manometry with a sleeve catheter was used to compare the magnitude of decrease in lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure produced by an arterial or venous infusion of prostaglandin E1 in cats. Arterial PGE1 produced significantly lower LES pressures than venous PGE1 (p less than 0.05). Maximal decrease of 75% in basal LES pressure occurred with an associated 15% decrease in systolic blood pressure. The site of action of PGE1 in producing LES hypotension was studied by injection of either edrophonium, or bethanechol during the maximal PGE1 effect. Bethanechol, which acts directly on sphincteric smooth muscle, produced an increase in LES pressure during both saline and PGE1 infusion, while the increases in LES pressure seen with edrophonium during saline infusion were blocked during the PGE1 infusion. From these studies, we conclude that PGE1 produces LES hypotension in the cat by an inhibitory effect on the cholinergic pathway responsible for maintaining LES tone. These studies pharmacologically reproduce the LES pressure abnormality previously reported in the cat during acid-induced esophagitis and support the hypothesis that PGE1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of acute acid-induced lower esophageal sphincter abnormalities.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Aortic aneurysm eroding the esophagus. Case report and review.

A 71-year-old woman developed dysphagia and hematemesis with an endoscopic diagnosis of esophageal submucosal hematoma. Post mortem examination demonstrated an aorto-esophageal fistula as the etiology of her hematemesis. The differential diagnosis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in the elderly patient without cirrhosis is discussed. A review of the literature on aorto-esophageal fistula is included.

Aged↗