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Biomedical subjects

D R Osborne

Publications and source records attributed to D R Osborne.

46 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography in the evaluation of severe facial trauma.

Computed tomography (CT) is a simple, rapid, and safe method of evaluating patients with severe facial trauma. It has its greatest value in defining the extent of soft tissue damage as well as in assessing the skeletal disruption. In a group of 32 patients with severe facial trauma, CT outlined the degree of soft tissue and skeletal fracture. In 13 of these patients who also underwent conventional pleuri-directional tomography CT was determined to be just as effective in identifying all fractures. CT was also shown to be useful for follow up evaluation of patients with previous severe facial trauma.

Facial Injuries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography in the planning and evaluation of therapeutic stereotaxic surgical procedures of the brain.

Preoperative and serial postoperative computed tomographic (CT) scans were obtained in 38 patients having either stereotaxic thalamotomy, mesencephalotomy, or a cingulumotomy to determine the relevance of the preoperative examination and to evaluate the site and evolution of the surgical lesion. Of the preoperative examinations, 55% were abnormal. The consequences of the stereotaxic procedure were identified in the first 2 postoperative weeks in 26 of the 28 patients having thalamotomy, six of the nine patients having mesencephalotomy, and all three patients having cingulumotomy as a diffuse low-density area (mean attenuation value, 18 Hounsfield units). A central core of increased attenuation due to an intralesional hemorrhage was present on the early postoperative scan in 17% of patients. The late residual lesion studied in seven patients was considerably smaller than the early abnormality. The appearances and temporal sequence of the postsurgical CT changes suggest the early abnormality is due to edema and the late lesion to coagulative necrosis. The findings suggest CT has a role in the preoperative assessment of patients having stereotaxic surgery in defining the target and predicting the stereotaxic coordinates, while postoperatively it documents the site of the lesion and can determine the basis of a complication.

Brain Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Examination of the extracranial carotid bifurcation by thin-section dynamic CT: direct visualization of intimal atheroma in man (Part 1).

Because carotid angiography has been shown to have limitations in the detection of intimal disease at the bifurcation, a new method of examination of the extracranial carotid artery has been developed using thin-section dynamic computed tomographic (CT) scanning. Carotid atheroma and thrombi can be imaged directly on these sections. The intimal lesions are uniformly hypodense with respect to the carotid arterial wall. Radiologic-pathologic correlation studies using human carotid arteries in a neck phantom confirm that these hypodense lesions are atheromas or thrombi. There is good correlation between CT cross-sectional images and cross-sectional postmortem artery sections. While a number of new computer-based methods of reformation of the carotid artery have been developed, consecutive thin slices through the carotid bifurcation display the pathologic lesions satisfactorily.

Carotid Arteries↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Safety of contrast media in cerebral angiography: iopamidol vs. methylglucamine iothalamate.

A randomized double-blind study was performed in 27 patients to compare the clinical safety, incidence of pain and warmth, and film quality produced by iopamidol and Conray-60 in selective cerebral angiography. No complications or adverse reactions occurred in either group. Iopamidol was significantly less painful than was methylglucamine iothalamate for common carotid artery injections and caused significantly less heat in both common carotid and internal carotid artery injections. Film quality and diagnostic accuracy were excellent in both groups. These results, when viewed in conjunction with laboratory data demonstrating the decreased neurotoxicity of nonionic contrast agents, suggest that iopamidol is an important advance in the development of angiographic contrast media.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Primary intracranial meningeal and spinal hemangiopericytoma: radiologic manifestations.

Meningeal hemangiopericytomas are rare but aggressive tumors. All eight patients in this series developed recurrences, three with distant metastases. In six patients a lytic destructive lesion of bone was evident. CT scans in three patients demonstrated diffusely enhancing lesions. No tumor calcification was present. In five of six patients angiography was characterized by multiple irregular tumor vessels, an intense prolonged blush, and the absence of early draining veins. Differentiation of these tumors from meningiomas is discussed.

Adult↗