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Biomedical subjects

D R Meldrum

Publications and source records attributed to D R Meldrum.

197 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

Relationship of fasting urinary calcium to circulating estrogen and body weight in postmenopausal women.

Circulating estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), adrostenedione, and testosterone levels were measured in 40 normal postmenopausal women of widely varying body weights. The fasting urinary calcium to creatinine ratio (Ca:Cr) was also quantitated as an index of bone resorption. Significant positive correlations of E2 and E1 were found with body weight and correlations of E2 and E1 were found with body weight and percent ideal weight but not with height, age, or years since menopause. No correlations were observed between circulating androstenedione and testosterone levels and any of these characteristics. Significant negative correlations were noted between Ca:Cr and percent ideal weight and between Ca:Cr and E2 and E1 concentrations. Administration of 10 micrograms ethinyl E2 to 10 postmenopausal subjects for 30 days reduced Ca:Cr to the level observed in 20 premenopausal women. These data suggest that body weight can influence urinary calcium excretion. It is possible that the reduced amounts of endogenous estrogen found in conjunction with low body weight may be a factor contributing to the greater loss of urinary calcium and the more frequent occurrence of osteoporosis in slender postmenopausal women.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Age-related changes of calcitonin secretion in females.

Calcitonin secretion was studied in 50 normal females from 20--69 yr of age, with 10 subjects in each decade. Hormone measurements were made by RIA during response to a 10-min infusion of calcium (as the chloride salt) at 3 mg/kg BW. There was a progressive decrease of the calcium-stimulated plasma calcitonin with age. Linear regression analysis demonstrated a significant (P less than 0.05) negative correlation (r = 0.29) between calcitonin response and age. Postmenopausal females had a significantly (P less than 0.01) smaller calcitonin response than premenopausal females. The time of maximum calcitonin response progressively shifted from 10 min in the younger subjects to 20 min in the older subjects. These studies demonstrated that calcitonin secretion decreases with age in females. This decrease may play some role in the pathogenesis of the progressive loss of bone mass which occurs with aging in females.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Ovarian and adrenal steroidogenesis in a virilized patient with gonadotropin-resistant ovaries and hilus cell hyperplasia.

A 26-year-old woman with secondary amenorrhea, temporal balding, and clitoromegaly was found to have both the gonadotropin-resistant ovary syndrome and hilus cell hyperplasia. Simultaneous sampling of peripheral and ovarian venous blood revealed excess ovarian testosterone secretion to be the probable cause of the patient's virilism. The marked response of the ovary to stimulation by luteinizing hormone (LH) coupled with the lack of ovarian follicular development suggested that an isolated resistance of the ovarian follicle to follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) was present in this patient. The administration of a daily pharmacologic dose of dexamethasone for 14 days was followed by the patient's first menstrual period in 13 years, raising the possibility that autoimmunity may have been involved in this patient's ovarian resistance to FSH stimulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Elevations in skin temperature of the finger as an objective index of postmenopausal hot flashes: standardization of the technique.

The present study was designed to validate and standardize a technique of continuous recording of skin temperature of the finger as an objective index of hot flashes. Significant skin temperature rises (greater than 1 degree C) were recorded in close temporal relationship to 69% of subjective hot flashes experienced by seven postmenopausal women. The temperature elevations occurred at an interval of 54 +/- 10 minutes (mean +/- standard error) and lasted an average of 31 minutes. The mean increase was 2.7 degrees +/- 0.2 degrees C. The extent of the temperature elevations found in the postmenopausal subjects was significantly greater than in premenopausal control subjects (P less than 0.05) and was reduced by estrogen treatment (P less than 0.02). This study substantiates that the recording of skin temperature changes of the finger provides an objective index of hot flashes. This should assist in the investigation of the underlying disturbance and provide more accurate evaluation of modes of therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

LH, FSH and skin temperaure during the menopausal hot flash.

Six postmenopausal women, who were experiencing frequent hot flashes, had an 8 h continuous recording of skin temperature over the dorsum of the finger as an objective index of hot flashes. Frequent blood samples were obtained during the time of the recording for the measurement of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. During the 48 h of recording 34 significant temperature elevations were recorded and 32 were associated with a subjective hot flash. 3l pulses of LH release were also observed with 26 occurring simultaneously with the temperature rises. Correlation analysis of simultaneous skin temperature and circulating LH levels showed a significant positive correlation (p less than 0.01). FSH levels showed no consistent relationship with skin temperature. These data suggest that LH or the factors that trigger its pulsatile release are related to the mechanism responsible for the initiation of hot flashes.

Climacteric↗
PubMed1979

Peripheral and ovarian venous concentrations of various steroid hormones in virilizing ovarian tumors.

The ovarian-peripheral gradients of various delta4 and delta5 steroids were determined for a patient with virilizing arrhenoblastoma. The high peripheral testosterone level accompanying this tumor results from increased precursor supply from both the delta4 and delta5 pathways, with the delta5 pathway predominating, and from negligible aromatase activity. A review of 45 cases of androgen-producing ovarian tumors with measurement of peripheral venous testosterone, and of 24 cases with measurement of ovarian venous testosterone, and a comparison with findings in 159 patients with hirsutism of functional origin reveal the following 1) An androgen-producing tumor must be ruled out when peripheral testosterone exceeds 2 ng/ml; 2) an ovarian venous testosterone level exceeding 20 ng/ml generally accompanies a tumor, particularly when the tumor is less than 5 cm in diameter; and 3) virtually all (98%) of the tumors reviewed were accompanied by virilization, regardless of the peripheral concentration of testosterone.

17-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1979

Hypercarotenemia in hypothalamic amenorrhea.

Six patients are described with hypothalamic amenorrhea and associated hypercarotenemia. The commencement of the hypothalamic amenorrhea followed weight reduction or stress in each case. The subjects were otherwise healthy and had none of the associated stigmata of anorexia nervosa. None of the subjects had ingested excessive quantities of vegetables or fruits rich in carotene. Although all six patients had elevated serum carotene levels, only three had clinically apparent yellow pigmentation of the skin. The exact mechanism responsible for hypercarotenemia in patients with hypothalamic amenorrhea is not apparent. Mobilization of lipid stores and catabolic changes occurring with weight-loss states appear to be related in some undefined way to the elevated carotene levels.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1976

Separation of A and E prostaglandins by celite partition chromatography for radioimmunoassay.

This report describes the use of celite partition chromatography to separate the A and E prostaglandins. The stationary phase consists of a glycine-HCL buffer, pH 3.6-3.7. The mobile phase consists of mixtures of ethyl acetate in toluene. At this critical hydrogen ion concentration of the stationary phase, the two prostaglandin groups are clearly separated on the basis of their difference in polarity, with greater than 95% recoveries and only 5% overlap of the elution patterns. It is anticipated that specific radioimmunoassays can be achieved by combining this system with partially specific antisera.

Chromatography↗
PubMed1976

Pure gonadal dysgenesis with nonmosaic XY sex chromosomes.

A person with pure gonadal dysgenesis (XY) is described in whom peripheral leukocytes, skin, fascia, and both gonads were subjected to chromosomal analysis, confirming a lack of mosaicism. Previous case reports and the developmental and genetic basis for such an anomaly are reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diastolic hibernation masquerading as constrictive pericarditis.

BACKGROUND: Hibernating myocardium has traditionally been characterized in terms of systolic dysfunction. METHODS: We describe a case in which a 75-year-old patient with significant coronary artery disease was operated upon for classic constrictive pericarditis. RESULTS: At sternotomy, there was no evidence of pericarditis, but marked diastolic without systolic dysfunction remained. After successful coronary revascularization, the patient immediately exhibited dramatic improvement of diastolic performance. Ex vivo evaluation of myocardial contractile function revealed normal myocardial adrenergic responsiveness, indicating a reversible impairment of contractility. CONCLUSION: Diastolic hibernation may therefore represent a unique form of surgically correctable restrictive cardiomyopathy.

Aged↗