[The problem-oriented case report--a method for the improvement of clinical training].
Abroad in the clinical education of the students the problem-oriented case report after Weed stood the test as a new training principle. In contrast to the classical case report the complaints and findings are formulated as problems and summarized in a list of problems. As problem is regarded what needs a diagnostic or therapeutic solution or a change of the patient's behaviour. For solution of the problem in a second step, the plan, the establishment of the ways of solution for every problem is done. In the notices of the course, the third part, the newly got findings are distributed to the adequate problems and their valency for the solution of the problem is tested. As advantages for the training are regarded: the establishment of the problems is more complete, the classification of psychic, social and health-educational problems is simpler. The physician is compelled to go over from the fixation on an individual problem to the valuation of all problems and to the correlations of several problems. Thus in the increasing specialisation an integrating role belongs to the problem-orientated case report. Independent formulation of the problems, development of the diagnostic and therapeutic steps, classification and valuation of their results in the notices of the course further the own responsibility of the student and renders possible a better control for the clinical instructor. The problem-oriented case report also forms the prerequisites for a problem-related letter of the physician.