The study aimed at evaluating proximal renal tubule function in patients with nephrolithiasis and chronic pyelonephritis, and in patients with infectious diseases treated with gentamicin. The study involved 2 groups of patients: group A--17 patients with nephrolithiasis and chronic pyelonephritis and group B--30 patients with other infectious diseases (pneumonia, biliary tract infections) but with normal glomerular filtration rate. Patients from both groups were treated with gentamicin in a daily dose of 2-3 mg/kg for 7-10 days. Serum and urine creatinine levels were assayed in all patients prior to, 2-3, 7, 10 days, and after the treatment. Patients assigned to group B were divided into two subgroups: B1 included 15 patients with normal beta 2-microglobulinuria, and B2 15 patients with increased renal loss of beta 2-microglobulin and decreased tubular reabsorption of this protein. Significant increase in beta 2-microglobulinuria was seen on the third day of therapy, the decrease in the tubular reabsorption and glomerular filtration rate were noted in all patients on the seventh day of gentamicin administration. Beta 2-microglobulinuria was significantly higher in patients from groups A and B2 in comparison with group B1 in which no dysfunction of the proximal renal tubule was present before gentamicin therapy. A degree of beta 2-microglobulinuria is an early and sensitive indicator of gentamicin nephrotoxicity. The risk of nephrotixic symptoms is particularly obvious in patients with deteriorated function of renal proximal tubuli before the treatment with gentamicin.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Malignant mesothelioma of the pericardium--diagnostic problems].

A case of the malignant mesothelioma of pericardium is presented as this is rare primary neoplasm of pericardium. Diagnosis of the malignant mesothelioma of pericardium is a difficult clinical problem. The authors discuss the value of various diagnostic techniques used in diagnosis of the malignant mesothelioma of pericardium.

Female↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of nifedipine on kidney output of calcium, oxalic acid, and saturation of urinary calcium oxalate].

The study involved 30 patients treated with nifedipine in daily dose of 30 mg for 7 days. Calcium, magnesium, phosphate, oxalate, and uric acid levels in the urine were measured. It was found that nifedipine significantly decreased oxaluria urinary excretion of calcium, magnesium, phosphate, and uric acid remained unchanged following nifedipine therapy. Results may suggest that nifedipine may exert an influence on renal stone formation.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of intravenous administration of cimetidine on renal excretion of calcium, phosphates, magnesium and adenosine cyclic monophosphate].

An effect of cimetidine on parathyroid glands functioning in healthy subjects was evaluated. Serum calcium, phosphate, and magnesium concentrations together with renal excretion++ of these ions in healthy subjects as well as cAMP excretion++ in selected individuals were determined before and following intravenous administration of cimetidine (Altratmet Lek Ljublijana) in total dose of 500 mg (50 mg injected rapidly as a bolus following with 450 mg in an intravenous infusion during 60 minutes). No significant changes in serum calcium, phosphates, and magnesium concentrations were noted. Renal clearance of calcium and magnesium remained unchanged whereas renal phosphate excretion++ increased from 10.69 +/- 4.9 mL/min to 15.1 +/- 5.41 mL/min (p less than 0.02). Excretion++ of 3.5 cAMP increased from 2.65 +/- 2.19 nM/min to 5.16 +/- 2.0 nM/min (p less than 05). The obtained results do not exclude stimulating effect of intravenous cimetidine on parathyroid glands. Cimetidine given intravenously in the bleeding gastric or duodenal ulcers in the course of the primary hyperparathyroidism+ may decrease serum phosphate levels due to increased exretion of this ion with the urine.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Usefulness of beta-2-microglobulin determination in the differential diagnosis of infections in the upper and lower parts of the urinary tract].

The purpose of the study was assessment of the usefulness of renal excretion of beta 2-microglobulin (B2M) in the differential diagnosis of infections situated in the upper and lower parts of the urinary tract. The study was carried out in 15 patients with infections of the upper part of the urinary tract (acute pyelonephritis), 10 patients with infections of the lower part of this tract (cystitis), and 50 healthy controls. In all studied subjects the B2M concentration was assessed in the serum and urine by radioimmunoassay (Pharmacia B2-micro RIO 100, Uppsala, Sweden). From the obtained data B2M clearance (CB2M) and tubular reabsorption of B2M (TRB2M) were calculated. In patients with upper urinary tract infections a statistically significantly greater urinary B2M excretion, significantly higher CB2M value, and significantly decreased TRB2M were found as compared to patients with lower urinary tract infections. The obtained data suggest presence of dysfunction of the proximal tubule in upper urinary tract infections and demonstrate the usefulness of beta 2-microglobulinuria assessment in the differential diagnosis of upper and lower urinary tract infections.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied