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Biomedical subjects

D Price

Publications and source records attributed to D Price.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Flow injection assays with chemiluminescence and bioluminescence detection--a review.

This paper reviews publications that combine the technique of flow injection (FI) with chemiluminescence (CL) and bioluminescence (BL) detection, from the earliest papers in 1979/80 to mid-1992, and refers exclusively to reactions occurring in solution. Air-segmented systems and liquid chromatography with CL detection are not considered unless FI has been used to pre-optimize the system. The applications have been categorized in terms of the type of CL reaction; there are separate entries for luminol, peroxyoxalate, other CL reactions and BL reactions. Each of the four sections includes a table of applications that lists the analyte, the nature of the reaction, the sample matrix and the limit of detection.

Hydrogen Peroxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A 40,000 year-old human occupation site at Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea.

The geographical position of the island of New Guinea suggests that it may have been an early staging post in the Pleistocene settlement of Australia from the Indonesia-Indochina region. Previous data have not supported this, as archaeological sites 35,000 to 40,000 years old occur in southern Australia, whereas the earliest previously known in Papua New Guinea is 26,000 years old. We now report evidence that the north coast of Papua New Guinea was occupied at least 40,000 years ago. Sahuland, which is the greater land area of Australia and New Guinea plus their connecting continental shelf exposed as land when Pleistocene sea levels were lower than now, was occupied by humans in several widely separated areas at that time. A distinctive 'waisted axe' culture appears to have existed in New Guinea and probably in Australia in the Late Pleistocene, but antecedents are not yet known from east and southeast Asia. There is evidence for hafting of these tools at a date which is earlier than known elsewhere in the world.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fetal metachromatic leukodystrophy: pathology, biochemistry and a study of in vitro enzyme replacement in CNS tissue.

Brain tissue from a fetus with the diagnosis of metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) became available at autopsy. Pathologic studies of the CNS showed inclusion bodies within oligodendroglia. The morphology of myelin was normal. Cells and myelin were isolated from the cerebrum; there was an increased level of sulfatide present in both fractions. In vitro studies of enzyme replacement in cultured MLD brain cells indicated that it may be possible to correct the abnormal sulfatide accumulation.

Brain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Computed tomography of splenic subcapsular hematomas: an experimental study in dogs.

Following baseline CT scans, splenic subcapsular hematomas were produced in dogs by direct splenic trauma. The CT scans of the spleen were obtained one to two hours before and after administration of IV contrast media and one, two, seven, 14 and 28 days following splenic trauma. Variations in the CT image of the hematomas was correlated with time and alterations in the chemical and histologic nature of the hematoma. Initially, the hematomas were isodense with the normal spleen and identified only following IV contrast administration. The initial number of hematomas identified by CT decreased to about half after seven to 14 days and then remained stable. Analysis of the hematomas revealed an initial increase in hemoglobin which was followed by a decrease. Dry weight increased, then decreased; lipid content decreased over time; and calcium content showed no appreciable change. The CT appearance of splenic subcapsular hematomas is dependent on the age of the hematoma. CT scans done soon after trauma should be performed following administration of intravenous contrast media, while less acute hematomas should be apparent without contrast media. Changes in attenuation values of hematomas appear due to a reduction in hemoglobin content and an increase in water content of the hematoma.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Manipulation under anaesthetic of children's fractures: use of the image intensifier reduces radiation exposure to patients and theatre personnel.

During simulated manipulation of children's forearm fractures, levels of scattered radiation from both plain radiographs and an image intensifier in different modes were measured at various sites on the surgeon, anaesthetist, radiographer, and patient both with and without recommended shielding. By using fluoroscopy in the pulsed screening mode but allowing only single pulses to occur, radiation levels could be substantially reduced to the eye, thyroid, and gonads of all those exposed. The radiographer and the anaesthetist were so far from the source and guarded by various pieces of equipment that levels were almost unrecordable. Effective dose equivalent for the surgeon using pulsed mode, based on circa six pulses per manipulation, during 100 manipulations per year, would equate to 1 microSv even in the unshielded state (< 0.1 microSv shielded), which is approximately 1/1,000 of background radiation at sea level. Because the current dose limit is 50 mSv (50,000 microSv) per year for employees, we are many orders of magnitude in the safety zone.

Anesthesia↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Relationship between peripheral intravenous catheter Dwell time and the development of phlebitis and infiltration.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether lengthening the dwell time of peripheral i.v. catheters from 72 hours to 144 hours resulted in increased rates of phlebitis and/or infiltration. The study was conducted in medical/surgical units at a 110-bed teaching hospital with an i.v. team. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the success and failure and conditional failure probabilities were calculated for phlebitis and infiltration scores. Log rank tests were used to test for an association between the covariates and the time until failure. Drug irritation was the most significant predictor of phlebitis and infiltration rates in this study. The total difference in the estimated failure rates for the catheter lasting 6 days versus a new catheter inserted for another 3 days is 1.3%. Because the conditional failure probability estimates for days 4, 5, and 6 are slightly higher than for days 1, 2, and 3, consideration may be given to extending the dwell time of a peripheral i.v. catheter beyond 72 hours under certain circumstances.

Adult↗