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Biomedical subjects

D Popovici

Publications and source records attributed to D Popovici.

49 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Plasma renin activity (PRA) and plasma aldosterone in the adrenal cortex hyperactivity. Studies on 50 hypertensive patients.

The authors have studied on 50 patients hospitalized in the Adrenal Pathology unit of the Institute of Endocrinology, the etiopathogeny of arterial hypertension (AH) in hypercorticism and the therapeutic implications, arriving at the conclusion that in 20% of the cases AH was probably due to an increased activity of renin-angiotensin and in 47% to elevated levels of aldosterone. The authors hypothesize that AH in the remaining 30% of the hypercorticism cases in this study is due to other mineralocorticoids in excess and suggest that the treatment should be pathogenic and strictly individualized.

Adrenocortical Hyperfunction↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cardiovascular pathology in acromegaly and some effects of the 90 yttrium implant in the hypophysis.

Examination of the cardiovascular apparatus (cv) of 25 acromegalic patients revealed an increased incidence of cardiovascular pathology as against normal individuals. Acromegalic patients with arterial hypertension (AH) show a twice higher incidence of ischemic cardiopathy, cardiomegaly with obvious or latent cardiac failure, arrhythmias, which frequently lead to death. The uncertain pathogeny of cardiomyopathy implied: hypoxia due to heart hypertrophy (over 500 g and increased cross-section of the fibre to over 26/mu), adrenergic deficiency resulting from increased protein synthesis and decrease in thyrosine, a precursor of myocardic cathecolamines. The increased incidence of coronary pathology is favoured in acromegalic patients by diabetes, hyperlipoproteinemia, low endogenous heparin, increased ureic acid and platelet adhesivity. Hypophysectomy by hypophysolysis (20 cases) brings relief and cures cardiovascular pathology, reduces AH, corrects the coronary risk factors, cures hypophyseal diabetes. The existence of AH and cardiovascular pathology is an indication for surgical treatment in evolutive acromegaly.

Acromegaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The dyslipemic syndrome in acromegaly.

The clinico-hormonal course of acromegaly and the presence of the hyperlipemic syndrome were studied in relation to age, sex, associated hypothyroidism, diabetes, obesity and cardiovascular and atherosclerotic complications in 43 acromegalic patients (18 males and 25 females) of which 6 had received no treatment and 37 had been submitted 2 - 13 years to conventional roentgentherapy (31 cases), 90Y (5 cases) and hypophysectomy (1 case). Hyperlipemia (HLP), present in 24 acromegalic patients (55.8% of the cases) unrelated to age, was more frequent in women (64% as against 44% in males) and correlated with the clinico-hormonal evolution (GH greater than 20 mg) (60% of the cases), and associated hypothyroidism (79%), obesity (42%) and diabetes (25%). Of the hyperlipemic acromegalic patients, 62% had cardiovascular and atherosclerotic complications. The results of the study point to the need for a hypoglucidic, hypolipidic and associated treatment for hypothyroidism, diabetes and obesity in the prophylaxis of acromegalic atherosclerosis.

Acromegaly↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hypercorticism--a risk factor in arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis.

The present work has attempted an analysis of the role hypercorticism as a risk factor in arterial hypertension and atherosclerosis. Our series consisted of 149 male and female patients of various ages. The incidence of cardiovascular disorders in relation to age and the glucidic lipidic metabolic disorders were also investigated. The results showed that hypercorticism may trigger in very young patients as well arterial hypertension (AH) and glucidic-lipid metabolic disorders both incriminated as risk factors in including atherosclerosis. Hypercorticism was proved to be an aggravating factor of pre-existing cardiopathy. Efficient management of adrenocortical hormones excess brings complete resolution of arterial hypertension and glucidic lipid metabolic disorders in young patients and most adult patients who had no cardiovascular complaints prior to the endocrine syndrome.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Abnormalities of oxidative phosphorylation due to excess of deficiency of thyroid hormones.

ATP synthesis requires the presence of thyroid hormones that activate oxidative phosphorylation. ATP supports the energy consuming reactions such as actin-myosin interaction, calcium and sodium pump, which are essential in a normal heart function. Thyroid insufficiency depresses mitochondrial oxidation, leading to ATP depletion which can not be compensated by activated glycolysis. Glycolysis under conditions of hypoxia due to accumulation of lactate or NADPH, impairs membrane permeability and mitochondrial function, causing enzyme release and pump failure. In severe hyperthyroidism an ATP deficiency occurs by uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation, T4 stimulating the extra-mitochondrial metabolic pathways. There is a disproportion between consumption of O2 and nutrients and ATP production. The T4--T3 excess via trace metal (magnesium, copper, zinc, iron, etc.) chelation inhibits enzyme activity which had impaired ATP synthesis. At the same time the excess of T4 by stimulating ATP-ase causes heat release and dissipation of ATP, favouring cardiothyreosis.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Wilms' tumor in the adult patient.

One documented case of Wilms' tumor in an adult patient is presented. The patient is diagnosed clinically with renal tumor, probably renal carcinoma. Wilms' tumor is extremely difficult to diagnose preoperatively in an adult patient. The pathologic hallmarks of this neoplasm are distinctive and it is histologically similar to the childhood tumor. The therapeutic guidelines and surgical principles governing childhood Wilms' tumor should be applied to adult Wilms' tumor. This patient is still alive after 15 months.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The antioxidative action of fibrinogen and the implications of this effect on platelet aggregation.

Purified fibrinogen strongly acts as an antioxidant by inhibiting the chemiluminescent emission developed in vitro, in a cell-free system composed of luminol and hydrogen peroxide. The antioxidative action of fibrinogen depends directly on its concentration, even in the presence of human serum. On the other hand, the platelet aggregation is an important source of oxygen free radicals. These radicals can also be measured by chemiluminescence, when the platelet aggregation is triggered by arachidonic acid. In a platelet suspension, fibrinogen inhibits both aggregation and the associated chemiluminescent emission. A possible correlation between the plasma level of lipid peroxides and fibrinogen was studied in different groups of patients, mostly with cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. A weak correlation was found only in cardiovascular diseases, in which the tendency of fibrinogen increase could also be interpreted as an antioxidative action of peroxidation restriction, especially in ischemic conditions. In neoplasms, this correlation could not be found, in spite of the high level of fibrinogen associated with a decrease of peroxide formation, a characteristic feature of tumoral growth due to the change of fatty acids nature in the cellular membranes.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Estimation of oxidative stress in cardiovascular diseases.

Patients with mild and severe cardiovascular diseases showed a significant disturbance of the redox equilibrium, manifested by increases of lipid peroxides and decreases of plasma total antioxidants. When the resulting oxidative stress is associated with ECG changes characteristic of "coronary disease" it indicates an acceleration of atherosclerosis, in the initial phase (cellular involvement, migration, proliferation) and an additional thrombogenic risk in the "ischemic phase". When oxidative stress is associated with chronic heart failure, it indicates a progressive form with replacement fibrosis. These data suggest the necessity of adding to the usual therapy antioxidants, that reduce the oxidative stress, may slow down the pathologic changes and improve the patient's homeostatic systems.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The influence of "selenium organicum" upon the hepatic function of carbon tetrachloride poisoned rats.

The hepatoprotective action of the Romanian preparation Orgasel containing selenium (Se) 5.01 mg/100 g autolysated yeast powder, was tested on adult Wistar rats poisoned with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The hepatotoxic agent (a 20% CCl4 solution in oil) was administered i.p. in a single dose of 0.3 ml CCl4 solution/100 g body weight, and the preparation tested (autolysate of seleniated yeast) was administered by gavage in 4 doses (of 100 mg Se powder/100 g animal each) along 2 days. After 48 hrs the animals were sacrificed, then their blood and liver were collected. The treatment with Orgasel significantly reduced the organs, morphological changes (fat liver degeneration, splenomegaly, testicle degeneration) induced by CCl4 poisoning in the rat, an effect found also at the biological parameters levels studied in plasma and liver. In the plasma, the high lipid peroxide concentrations, the increased activity of alkaline phosphatases, and the reduced antioxidative activity generated by CCl4 have been statistically significant brought to the normal range after Orgasel administration. At the liver this treatment significantly decreased the lipid peroxides production, the total lipids and cholesterol concentrations, and statistically significant increased the enzymes activity (alkaline phosphatases, GPT). The results obtained after Orgasel administration proved that this preparation has a global beneficial action upon the organism in the poisoned rat, as well as a strong antioxidative effect, confirming once again the essential role of Se in maintaining cells' integrity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Esophageal tumor with an unusual histological appearance: a case report.

An unusual esophageal tumor in a 58-year-old man complaining of dysphagia and weight loss is herein described. Esophageal radioscopy and endoscopy visualized a huge polypoid tumor which was occluding the esophagus. After esophageal resection, the histological examination revealed miscellaneous benign cells (squamous, columnar fat cells, cartilaginous cells, and glandular structures) and two different malignant areas (spindler sarcomatous cells and squamous cells). There was no malignant invasion in the stalk, in the adjacent esophageal wall, or in the periesophageal tissue, and there were no malignant adenopathies. The postoperative course was favorable for one year, until the patient developed pain in the right superior back. A sarcomatous relapse was diagnosed by fine-needle biopsy under CT guidance, and the patient subsequently received radiation therapy.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Disorders induced by pheochromocytoma in the cardiovascular system. A therapeutic approach.

The diagnosis of pheochromocytoms is still made only post mortem in a high percentage of the cases. It is important to know both the diversity of clinical forms (of the 16 cases investigated 13 (80%) presented permanent AH, of which 12 cases with paroxysmal attacks, followed by collapse only in one case, and 3 (20%) with paroxysmal AH on a normotensive background) and the severity of cardiovascular accidents, which increases twofold during crises (arrhythmias, left ventricular failure, coronary insufficiency, cerebrovascular strokes, secondary adrenalinic shocks). These complications are preceded by the "alarm syndrome". The preoperatory treatment is associated: blocking of adrenergic alpha-receptors and beta-receptors; correction of hypovolemia, also applied during the surgical phase I (until the venous ligature is made and the tumor excised) under continuous monitoring (ECG, ABP and central venous pressure). In phase II vasoplegin should be promptly corrected by nor. E+E, and corticoids.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗