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Biomedical subjects

D Phillips

Publications and source records attributed to D Phillips.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Left heart catheterization and angiography via the percutaneous femoral approach using an arterial sheath.

An arterial sheath with a proximal hemostasis valve and a side-arm extension tube was used in 562 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac catheterization and angiography via the femoral approach. Serious complications were rare. There was one death, one peripheral embolism, and one episode of delayed groin hemorrhage. The incidence of minor complications, including hematoma formation, in this series compares favorably with our own and the reported experience of others using the conventional percutaneous femoral approach. The sheath technique facilitated catheter exchanges and reduced patient discomfort. In addition, femoral artery pressure could be monitored via the side arm of the sheath during the catheterization. This proved helpful during retrograde catheterization of patients with aortic stenosis, as well as in detection of damping of coronary artery catheter tip pressure during coronary arteriography and hypotension following left ventriculography. Based upon this experience, use of an arterial sheath has become our standard practice when left heart catheterization is performed via the femoral approach, and the use of several different catheters is anticipated.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

The interaction of core histones with DNA: equilibrium binding studies.

The binding of core histone proteins to DNA, measured as a function of [NaCl[ is a reversible process. Dissociation and reassociation occurs in two stages. Between 0.7 and 1.2 M NaCl H2a H2b bind non-cooperatively as an equimolar complex with deltaGo = 1.6 Kcals/mole at 4 degree C and 1.0 M NaCl. Between 1.2 and 2.0 M NaCl H3 and H4 bind cooperatively as an equimolar complex with delta Go = 7.4 Kcal/mole at 4 degree C and 1.0 M NaCl. The proper binding of H2a and H2b requires the presence of bound H3 and H4. Nuclease digestion of the H3-H4 DNA produces a tetramer of H3-H4 bound to fragments of DNA 145, 125 and 104 base pairs long. Thus an H3-H4 tetramer can protect fragments of DNA as long as those found in complete core particles and must therefore span the nucleosome core particle.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Letter recognition ability of aphasic subjects.

This study examined the letter-recognition abilities of 44 aphasic and 10 normal subjects. On a 26-item letter recognition task normal subjects made no errors. Moderately aphasic subjects illustrated minimal difficulty but did not differ significantly in performance from normals. Severely aphasic subjects exhibited marked impairment and made significantly lower letter-recognition scores than moderate aphasic or normal subjects. Type of aphasia as determined by conversational speech fluency (fluent or nonfluent) seemed to affect the letter-recognition performance of the severely aphasic subjects. Fluent severely aphasic subjects made significantly lower scores than all groups; nonfluent severely aphasic subjects made significantly lower scores than all groups except the severe nonfluent group. The types of letter-recognition errors produced by the two severely aphasic groups offer some explanation as to their performance differences. Errors of the latter group were more likely to be related to the stimulus letter; errors from the former group tended to be random. Findings indicate the intactness of the aphasic subjects's semantic associational network is important to the letter-recognition process.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Alternative behavioral approaches to the treatment of homosexuality.

Radical changes in attitudes toward homosexuality in American society are integrated into a new perspective for the therapist confronted by a client who engages in homosexual behavior. The traditional mandatory attempt to eradicate homosexual behavior has been expanded into three options, any one of which may be pursued by the therapist at the client's request: (1) modification of homosexual in favor of heterosexual behavior, (2) enhancement of homosexual behavior, and (3) ignoring of homosexual behavior if it is functionally unrelated to the presenting symptoms. Therapists' negative attitudes toward clients who engage in homosexual behavior are such as to abrogate expanded options and may results in therapeutic efforts at modification of homosexual behavior in defiance of the client's expressed wishes. Contrary to current professional belief, careful analysis and the use of appropriate techniques such as systematic desensitization, orgasmic reconditioning, and training in heterosocial skills generally obviate the necessity for aversive procedures in those instances where homosexual behavior is to be modified in favor of heterosexual behavior. Three case histories are presented illustrating the use of each of the expanded options described above.

Attitude↗
PubMed1976

Methodological issues in psychopharmacological research: chlorpromazine--a case in point.

Past research on the relative efficacy of powerful psychotropic agents has generally relied on group designs, which may mask critical individual differences in drug response. This and other methodological inadequacies raise questions about much of the vast literature in support of the clinical efficacy of chlorpromazine and similar drugs. A research strategy employing within-subJect designs, using a single subject as his own control, is suggested as advantageous in assessing individual drug effects at specific dosage levels.

Chlorpromazine↗
PubMed1976

Behavioural treatment of orgasmic dysfunction: a controlled study.

Twenty-two anorgasmic women received 20 sessions of a multiple-technique behavioural therapy. The design included blind ratings by two independent assessors, multiple assessment instruments, and a waiting list control group. Treatment was significantly better than no treatment in terms of: (1) the percentage of patients experiencing orgasm during at least 50 per cent of sexual relations; (2) the percentage of women reporting satisfactory sexual relations at least 50 per cent of the time; (3) patients' ratings of positive reactions to various sexual behaviours; and (4) assessors' global clinical ratings. Significant improvement was also noted on the MMPI, IPAT, and Symptom Check List. Improvement was maintained at a follow-up average 9 months later. These results support the impression that a behavioural approach offers much promise in treating female orgasmic dysfunction.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

The Dalkon Shield controversy. Structural and bacteriological studies of IUD tails.

The recent report of 209 cases of septic spontaneous abortion and 11 maternal deaths in the United States in women using the Dalkon Shield intrauterine device (IUD) raised the question about a possible causal relationship between the IUD and pelvic sepsis. It is essential to determine whether or not this sipsis is unique to the Dalkon Shield or generic to all types of IUDs. Our studies permit the conclusion that the tail of the Dalkon Shield is structurally and functionally different from the tails of the four other IUDs tested. The unique characteristics of the Dalkon tail theoretically could provide a mechanism whereby pathogenic bacteria from the vagina enter the uterine cavity and cause sepsis.

Abortion, Septic↗
PubMed1975

Validity of the laser refraction technique for determining cylindrical error.

Employing a laser refraction technique, spherical error was determined for each of three meridans in 50 eyes. The measurements were used to calculate spherical error and cylindrical axis and power, and the findings were compared with standard methods of measurement. Correlations between the laser and non-laser methods indicated that the laser technique is a valid method for determining spherical error. Correlations between the findings for laser and non-laser cylindrical measurements were not high enough to warrant use of this laser technique in clinical practice. Differential laser validity findings for against-the-rule astigmatism are also discussed.

Astigmatism↗