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Biomedical subjects

D Peterson

Publications and source records attributed to D Peterson.

At least 217 records · Page 12Linked to original sources
PubMed1987

Phenotypic and functional deficiency of natural killer cells in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome.

Natural killer (NK)3 cells are large granular lymphocytes that appear to play a significant role in the host's defense against viral infection. We performed an extensive phenotypic and functional characterization of NK cells on 41 patients with the chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), or "chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection" syndrome, and on 23 age- and sex-matched asymptomatic control subjects in an attempt to further characterize this illness. These studies demonstrated that a majority of patients with CFS have low numbers of NKH1+T3- lymphocytes, a population that represents the great majority of NK cells in normal individuals. CFS patients had normal numbers of NKH1+T3+ lymphocytes, a population that represents a relatively small fraction of NK cells in normal individuals. When tested for cytotoxicity against a variety of different target cells, patients with CFS consistently demonstrated low levels of killing. After activation of cytolytic activity with recombinant interleukin 2, patients were able to display increased killing against K562 but most patients remained unable to lyse Epstein-Barr virus-infected B cell targets. Additional cytotoxicity experiments were carried out utilizing anti-T3 monoclonal antibody to block killing by NKH1+T3+ cells. These experiments indicated that the NK cell that appears to be responsible for much of the functional activity remaining in patients with CFS belongs to the NKH1+T3+ subset, which under normal circumstances represents only approximately 20% of the NK cell population.

Antibodies, Viral↗
PubMed1987

O-alkyl lipid synthesis: the mechanism of the acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate fatty acid exchange reaction.

We have previously provided evidence for a mechanism by which acyl DHAP is converted enzymatically to O-alkyl DHAP. This mechanism involves, in part, the formation of an endiol of acyl DHAP, loss of the fatty acid by splitting of the DHAP carbon-1 to oxygen bond and the gain of a long chain fatty alcohol. It has been shown that acyl DHAP can exchange its fatty acid for one in the medium, presumably by the mediation of O-alkyl DHAP synthase. In the present investigation we have shown that the fatty acid which is gained by acyl DHAP in the exchange process retains both carboxyl oxygens, as predicted by our postulated mechanism. This reaction is exceptional because the usual action of acyl hydrolases is to cleave at the oxygen to acyl bond.

Alkyl and Aryl Transferases↗
PubMed1987

Variation in the frequency and type of sperm chromosomal abnormalities among normal men.

The chromosomal constitution of 1582 human sperm from 30 normal men of proven fertility was investigated after sperm penetration of hamster eggs. A minimum of 30 sperm chromosome complements were analysed per donor so that the distribution and variation in the frequency and type of sperm chromosomal abnormalities could be assessed. The mean frequency of sperm chromosomal abnormalities in individual men was 10.4% (+/- 6.0%) with a range of 0-24.7%. For numerical abnormalities the mean was 4.7% (+/- 2.9%) with a range of 0-10% and for structural abnormalities the mean was 6.2% (+/- 6.0%) with a range of 0-23.1%. The 95% confidence intervals for the mean of an individual male were 0-10.5% for numerical abnormalities, 0-18.2% for structural abnormalities, and 0-22.4% for total abnormalities. There was a significant excess of hypohaploid complements compared with hyperhaploid complements. Since hypohaploid complements could be caused by technical artefact, a conservative estimate of aneuploidy was obtained by doubling the frequency of hyperhaploid sperm, yielding an estimate of 2.4% aneuploidy. The proportion of X-bearing (53%) and Y-bearing (47%) sperm did not differ significantly. These results were compared to the other two large studies of sperm chromosome complements from normal men.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Prevention of contamination of oral rehydration fluids.

A treated city water supply and most waters tested from several tourist hotels in a popular international resort were found to be microbiologically safe for drinking, but untreated domestic water supplies and locally prepared soft drinks frequently had high levels of bacterial contamination and faecal pollution. A novel oral rehydration mixture, based on fruit juice cordial which kills intestinal bacteria in vitro, was effective for treating young children with diarrhoea and mild to moderate dehydration in the same environment.

Acute Disease↗