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Biomedical subjects

D Perrier

Publications and source records attributed to D Perrier.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Gas-chromatographic quantitation of theophylline in small volumes of plasma.

We describe a rapid procedure for quantitating theophylline in 100-mul plasma samples by use of a gas-liquid chromatograph equipped with a flame ionization detector. This methos is especially useful for monitoring theophylline concentrations in serum or plasma of infants, because sufficiently large blood samples can be readily obtained from a heel prick. The method is specific for theophylline in the presence of caffeine, theobromine and phenobarbital. For plasma concentrations equal to or greater than 5 mg/liter the average daily coefficient of variation was less than 7% while the coefficient of variation from day to day was less than 11%. The same approach can also be used to measure concentrations of phenobarbital in small volumes of plasma or serum, and is readily adapted to determination of theophylline and phenobarbital in larger samples.

Amobarbital↗
PubMed1975

Early post-traumatic epilepsy prophylaxis.

An anticonvulsant regimen is described using diphenylhydantoin specifically designed for use in the acutely head injured patient. Initial doses of diphenylhydantoin based on body weight and maintenance doses determined by plasma concentrations of the drug are utilized to provide immediate and maintainable anticonvulsant blood levels.

Craniocerebral Trauma↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of various methods of digoxin dosing.

The ability to precisely predict serum digoxin concentrations using 12 published methods in a group of 85 patients was undertaken. Two methods of estimating creatinine clearance and two estimates of ideal body weight were employed as input variables using the 12 dosing methods. This resulted in 40 relationships from which correlation coefficients and linear regression constants were derived for predicted versus measured serum digoxin concentrations. The correlation coefficients between predicted and measured serum digoxin ranged from -0.393 to 0.389. Possible explanations for the low correlation coefficients are interpatient variability in the kinetics of digoxin, the small number of subjects used to generate some of the digoxin dosing methods, undetected patient noncompliance in the present study, the use of empirically derived dosing methods, and/or the use of rather homogeneous patient populations to develop a given method while this study is comprised of a heterogeneous group of patients. The methods studied tend to overpredict serum digoxin concentrations and therefore generally allow safe, first approximations for digoxin dosing.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phenobarbital pharmacokinetics and bioavailability in adults.

The pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of phenobarbital were examined in six healthy adult subjects after a 2.6 mg/kg intravenous and a 2.9 mg/kg oral dose. Serum concentrations of phenobarbital were followed by means of a high pressure liquid chromatographic assay for 21 days after drug administration. After the intravenous dose, the mean distribution half-life was 0.18 hour and the mean elimination half-life was 5.8 days. Mean total body clearance and mean renal clearance were 3.0 ml/hr/kg and 0.8 ml/hr/kg, respectively. The apparent volume of distribution was 0.60 liter/kg. After administration of phenobarbital tablets, the maximum phenobarbital serum concentration was 5.5 mg/liter at 2.3 hours after the dose. Adjusted absolute availability of phenobarbital from the tablets studied was 94.9 per cent (range 81-111.9 per cent). The elimination half-life averaged 5.1 days for the oral dose. There was no evidence of autoinduction of phenobarbital elimination over the study period.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Cimetidine disposition in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Cimetidine disposition was determined in six patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis to ascertain the need for modification of conventional dosing regimens. Blood, dialysis fluid, and urine were collected for 48 hours after administration of a single intravenous dose of cimetidine. The following values were obtained: elimination half-life, 4.3 hours; systemic or total body clearance, 191 +/- 55 ml/min; and dialysis clearance, 4.2 +/- 3.1 ml/min. Approximately 2% of a cimetidine dose is removed by dialysis, indicating that there is no need to adjust the conventional renal failure dosing regimen in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Factors predicting success in picture naming in Alzheimer's disease and primary progressive aphasia.

The aim of the present study was to determine the predictive value of all important variables in the picture naming performance of 8 patients with probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 8 patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA). The experimental investigation controlled for (i) visual complexity, (ii) name agreement on dominant response, (iii) age of acquisition, (iv) frequency, (v) word length, (vi) concept familiarity, and (vii) category membership. The results of the multiple regression analyses showed that age of acquisition and name agreement were significant for 10/16 subjects. Visual complexity, frequency, familiarity, and category were also significant for four patients respectively. Word length had no effect. These results are at variance with those of series of patients with AD (Gaillard et al., 1998) and with PPA (Lambon Ralph et al., 1998) where concept familiarity was found to be one of the most predictive factors of naming success.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Diversity of patterns of improvement in confrontation naming rehabilitation: some tentative hypotheses.

A previous group analysis of the effects of a computerized written naming rehabilitation program revealed global improvement with generalization of benefits to untrained items and to untreated oral naming (Deloche et al., 1992). The present multiple single-case analysis of the data indicates a variety of patterns of improvement and of generalization effects among individual patients. Patterns of relationships between written and oral naming behaviors help to explain the type of improvement that was observed.

Adult↗