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Biomedical subjects

D Palmer

Publications and source records attributed to D Palmer.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Identification of mucus glycoprotein fatty acyltransferase activity in human gastric mucosa.

The enzymatic activity which catalyzes the transfer of palmitic acid from palmitoyl coenzyme A to gastric mucus glycoprotein was demonstrated in antral and fundic mucosa of normal human stomach. Subcellular fractionation studies revealed that with both types of mucosa the enzyme activity was present in the microsomal fraction. The antral and fundic mucosa also exhibited similar enzyme activities, showed identical pH optimum, and required detergent, NaF and dithiothreitol. Optimum enzymatic activity for fatty acylation of mucus glycoprotein was obtained with 0.5% Triton X-100, 25 mM NaF, and 2 mM dithiothreitol at a pH of 7.4. The 14C-labeled product of the reaction comigrated on CsCl density gradient centrifugation with gastric mucus glycoprotein and contained the ester-bound palmitic acid.

Acylation↗
PubMed1985

Case-mix indexes: do they adversely affect some hospitals?

The use of 1981 case mix indexes in setting the hospital-specific payment amounts under PPS appears to treat a number of hospitals arbitrarily. Due to random variation, data errors, and changes in services, the use of these indexes will sometimes produce clearly unreasonable results. Therefore, hospitals should review the effect of the indexes, and if adversely affected, they should properly note their objection to their use to preserve appeal rights when filing PPS cost reports.

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.↗
PubMed1984

Affective disorder not linked to HLA in a large bipolar kindred.

Recent studies have suggested genetic linkage between the major histocompatibility complex and affective disorder. We tested this hypothesis in a large pedigree of bipolar affective disorder in which 22 of 37 relatives were interviewed and HLA typing was carried out on 20. The findings provided no evidence for linkage between affective disorder and HLA antigens. Our findings are discussed along with those of other linkage studies bearing on this question.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Enzymatic sulfation of glycolipids by human gastric mucosa.

A sulfotransferase activity which catalyzes the transfer of sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphosulfate to galactosylceramide and triglucosyl monoalkylmonoacylglycerol has been demonstrated in antral and fundic mucosa of normal human stomach. With both types of mucosa maximum activity for sulfation of galactosylceramide was obtained at pH 6.8, whereas the pH optimum for sulfation of triglucosyl monoalkylmonoacylglycerol was 7.8. The reactions were stimulated by the addition of Triton X-100, Mg2+ and F1-. The sulfotransferase activity of fundic mucosa for the synthesis of sulfated glyceroglucolipid was about two times higher than that of antral mucosa, while the enzyme activity for sulfation of glycosphingolipid was similar in both areas of the stomach.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Drosophila nucleosomes contain an unusual histone-like protein.

Mononucleosomes prepared from Drosophila melanogaster nuclei contain the four core histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 plus an additional histone-like, acid-soluble, chromosomal protein. It is probably the protein designated D2 by Alfageme et al. [Alfageme, C.R., Zweidler, A., Mahowald, A. & Cohen, L.H. (1974) J. Biol. Chem. 249, 3729-3736]. D2 elutes with histone H2A from a Bio-Gel P-100 column, but can be distinguished electrophoretically from H2A and from the other standard Drosophila core histones. The amino acid composition of D2 resembles the compositions of H2A and H2B. However, peptide mapping reveals that D2 is not a simple sequence variant of either H2A or H2B. D2 is present in nuclei from embryos and adult heads, and thus is not restricted to a narrowly defined developmental period. It is present in D. melanogaster and D. virilis, and thus appears to be conserved during the evolution of Drosophila. D2 is present in D. melanogaster chromatin with an approximate frequency of one molecule per five nucleosomes, and must therefore be associated with a subset of nucleosomes. The function of this protein is not known. Its presence in nucleosomes, evolutionary conservation, and comparatively large abundance all suggest that it is an important nucleosomal element. It will be interesting to learn whether this histone-like protein is encoded in a subset of the Drosophila histone gene cluster or is encoded separately.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1978

Stimulation of mucus and nonparietal cell secretion by the E2 prostaglandins.

The effects of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), 15-methyl prostaglandin E2 (15M), and 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 (16DM) on gastric mucus and nonparietal cell secretion in rats were measured. Alcian blue binding was used as a measure of gastric mucus. Applied topically, all three agents stimulated nonparietal cell secretion, and PGE2 and 16DM stimulated the secretion of mucus, increasing the fraction in the gastric contents but not that adherent to the mucosa. Topical 15M did not stimulate the production of mucus. Given intranveously, all three agents increased the amount of mucus in the gastric contents without altering the amount of mucus bound to the mucosa. The prostaglandins had no effect on nonparietal cell secretion when given intravenously. These effects could be relevant to the ability of the E2 prostaglandins to protect the gastric mucosa from damage.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

Secretion of parathyroid hormone by abnormal human parathyroid glands in vitro.

The secretory response of abnormal parathyroid glands obtained surgically from eleven patients with primary and secondary hyperparathyroidsm was tested in vitro. Short term flask studies were used to measure release of parathyroid hormone (PTH) at high (3.0 mM) and low (0.5 mM) calcium. Of eight adenomas, all but one showed increased release of hormone when exposed to low calcium ("responsive to calcium"), the degree of stimulation at three hours ranging from 15 to 209%. By comparison, two normal human glands were stimulated an average of 180%. Glands from three patients with secondary hyperplasia were also responsive to calcium. Thus, parathyroid glands from patients with primary and secondary hyperparathyroidism were characterized by a spectrum of responsiveness to calcium, and absolute "autonomy" was unusual. Even at high calcium concentrations, hormone release persisted at a low but definite level ("basal secretion"). The total number of functioning parathyroid cells is therefore a principal determinant in the oversecretion of PTH in hyperparathyroidism.

Adenoma↗