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Biomedical subjects

D P Murthy

Publications and source records attributed to D P Murthy.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

The spectrum of cancer in Papua New Guinea. An analysis based on the Cancer Registry 1979-1988.

Malignant tumors registered with the Tumour Registry of Papua New Guinea (PNG) from 1958-1988 were analyzed with emphasis on the variation of incidence with time and different regions. Cancer incidence was generally low in PNG. During this period, carcinoma of oral cavity, cervix, breast, and skin, hepatoma, and lymphoma were the most common types of malignant lesions detected. The incidence of carcinoma of the oral cavity has increased. Currently, it is more common in the Highlands region and is associated with the spread of betel nut chewing. A threefold increase in cervical carcinoma registration was observed nationally, with a sixfold increase in the Highlands region; this was attributed both to social changes and improved registration. The incidence of breast cancer has doubled, in keeping with better registration, but there is little interregional variation. The decline in registrations of hepatocellular carcinoma is artifactual. PNG is a high-incidence area for Burkitt lymphoma, but Hodgkin disease is rare. Both Burkitt and other non-Hodgkin lymphomas are uncommon in the Highlands. A decline in the incidence of squamous carcinoma of skin was observed that was associated with improved control of tropical ulcers. The incidence of stomach cancer is falling. The registered cancer incidence in PNG is low, even when compared with that in native people from other Pacific nations, such as Fijians and New Caledonian Melanesians. Preventive measures have been hitherto ineffective, with the exception of squamous carcinoma of skin.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Benign breast disease in Papua New Guinea.

In this study 302 biopsy-confirmed benign breast lesions in Papua New Guinean (Melanesian) women during a ten-year period were reviewed. Inflammatory breast disease was the most frequent type. Chronic mastitis, chronic suppurative mastitis and abscesses formed 32% of benign breast lesions and 71% of the group of mastitides. 10 cases of tuberculous mastitis were recorded. Fibrocystic disease was observed at a lower age (31.9 +/- 8.2 years) than has been reported from Black United States and West Indian populations. The high frequency of mastitis is an important finding. This is most likely to be associated with lactation. Proper hygiene during breastfeeding and the judicious use of antibiotics should reduce this high frequency. Education of women about these matters should form part of health education programs in Papua New Guinea.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Nasal cartilaginous tumour.

A cartilaginous tumour of nasal region in a 6-year-old child is described. The problems of histological interpretation and treatment are discussed.

Cartilage Diseases↗
PubMed1990

Unusual type of foreign body in the maxillary sinus.

A broken end of the spear presenting as a foreign body in the nasopharynx and right maxillary sinus in a 19-year-old Papua New Guinean is described. The types of foreign bodies and their mechanisms of introduction into this site are summarized.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis: report of five cases from Papua New Guinea.

Five cases of juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis encountered in Papua New Guinea during the period from December 1987 to May 1989 are described in detail. They were seen in the age-range of 1 year 7 months-5 years. The common clinical features were change of voice and dyspnoea. They were treated by microlaryngoscopic excision with cupped forceps. One of the cases followed-up for 15 months showed multiple recurrences. This condition of juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis, though not common, is certainly not rare in this country and should be considered as a differential diagnosis in the case of a child presenting with progressive dyspnoea.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1990

Breast cancer in Papua New Guinea: a survey of 10 years.

A retrospective review of cancer of breast in Papua New Guinean females for a period of 10 years revealed an annual reporting rate of 2.7 per 100,000. It contributed to 4.8% of all malignancies. The islands region has the highest incidence. The most common age group at diagnosis was 40-49 years. Histologically invasive ductal carcinomas formed 66% of the tumours. Resembling the African experience, the incidence of breast carcinoma in Papua New Guinea appears to be low and most patients report quite late.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

Comparative in situ hybridisation study of juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis in Papua New Guinea and Australia.

A comparative study of cases of juvenile laryngeal papillomatosis from Papua New Guinea (n = 3) and Brisbane, Australia (n = 9) was carried out. In situ hybridisation reactions for human papillomavirus (HPV) types 6 and 11 occurred in 11 cases. All three cases from Papua New Guinea and eight from Australia gave positive signals. A negative reaction was observed in one Australian case. The intensity of the reaction was strong in seven cases, moderate in one, and weak in three. An equivocal reaction was also noted with probes for types 16 and 18, and types 31, 33, and 35 in two cases from Australia and one from Papua New Guinea. It is concluded that as similar staining patterns and intensities occurred in cases from both areas, the aetiology is the same. The equivocal reactions noted in three cases were probably due to cross hybridisation rather than multiple infection.

Child↗
PubMed1990

Carcinoma of liver in Papua New Guinea: an updated review of incidence.

568 cases of primary carcinoma of the liver were recorded as having been histologically diagnosed in Papua New Guinea during a period of 25 years (1962-1986). Though the reported annual incidence rate of 0.9/100,000 population is low, the age incidence pattern suggests that this is a high incidence area. We strongly recommend fine needle aspiration cytology for the diagnosis of primary carcinoma of liver. This will increase the number of confirmed diagnoses in developing countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Tumoral calcinosis: a study of cases from Papua New Guinea.

Forty-eight cases of tumoral calcinosis were recorded in surgical pathology material, Port Moresby General Hospital, Papua New Guinea during the period from 1981 to 1985. The lesions were most common in the fifth decade of life and the female to male ratio was 2:1. The hip region and the greater trochanter were the common sites involved and this observation supports the possible aetiological relationship of tumoral calcinosis to trauma resulting in pressure ischaemia. In this series, from a country in which the condition is well known, only 35.8% were correctly diagnosed preoperatively. With a knowledge of its clinicopathological features, it should be possible for most cases to be diagnosed preoperatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Childhood malignant tumours in Papua New Guinea.

Data from the Papua New Guinea Tumour Registry and the Central Pathology Department were reviewed in order to document the incidence and pattern of malignancies in children in Papua New Guinea. Altogether, 680 cases of histologically defined childhood malignancies were recorded during the 14.5 years from 1971 to 1985. The frequencies of the various tumours were compared with past data and with published data from other countries. The incidence of malignancies in Papua New Guinean children appeared to be low, 36.5/1,000,000/year, with a male:female ratio of 1.6:1. Lymphoma was the most commonly occurring tumour and Burkitt's tumour accounted for 53% in this group. The relative frequency of leukaemia compared with lymphoma appeared to have increased since a previous report. A relatively high incidence of retinoblastoma (6.9%) and of other embryonal tumours (4.8%) was recorded, whilst the recorded incidences of tumours of the central nervous system (3.8%) and neuroblastoma (3.7%) were low. Ewing's sarcoma accounted for almost half of the bone tumours, whilst Kaposi's sarcoma was a relatively frequent soft tissue tumour. Differences and similarities between the Papua New Guinea data and those from other countries are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Gestational trophoblastic disease in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea.

A retrospective study was performed at Port Moresby General Hospital covering the period 1.1.81-31.3.86. There were 37 cases of hydatidiform mole, 2 of choriocarcinoma and 4 of metastasizing gestational trophoblastic disease of unknown histology, During the study period there were 35,630 deliveries in the same hospital. The incidence of hydatidiform mole was found to be 1:963 deliveries. Among the patients with hydatidiform mole 1 death was recorded whilst in the group with choriocarcinoma and unclassified disease there were 4 deaths. Of the patients treated for hydatidiform mole 48.5% made no follow-up visits to the hospital.

Adolescent↗