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Biomedical subjects

D P Brophy

Publications and source records attributed to D P Brophy.

24 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1995

Ocular trauma: evaluation with US.

PURPOSE: To examine the value of real-time ultrasonography (US) in the assessment of traumatized eyes with opaque ocular media. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty-one eyes in 60 patients were prospectively examined with US; findings were correlated with findings of clinical and surgical follow-up. Patients with an intraocular foreign body (IOFB) also underwent computed tomography (CT). RESULTS: US demonstrated 56 vitreous hemorrhages, 21 retinal detachments, 12 vitreous detachments, five choroidal detachments, seven IOFBs, three dislocated lenses, and two retrohyaloid hemorrhages. Findings of US and surgery or clinical follow-up were in complete concurrence in 55 cases (90%) and partial concurrence in two cases (3%). US findings were incorrect in four cases (7%). In four cases, US allowed diagnoses that were unsuspected clinically. CONCLUSION: US accurately demonstrates ocular damage and may reveal unsuspected problems. US was superior to CT in demonstration of intraocular damage associated with IOFBs, although CT was superior in determination of the size and site of the IOFB. The presence of dense vitreous traction bands may indicate impending retinal detachment.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Ocular sonography.

High-frequency ocular sonography is the ideal method for imaging the eye and intraocular structures. In the presence of opaque ocular media, a complete view of the fundus may be impossible ophthalmoscopically, and in these cases sonography is invaluable. Although high field strength MR imaging with surface coils provides excellent detail of normal and pathologic ocular structures, major shortcomings are lack of spatial resolution and poor specificity with certain lesions. Sonography is superior to CT or MR imaging in detecting ocular lesions such as small melanomas that are 2 mm or less in thickness. The eye can be examined dynamically during eye movements, which is of value in localizing abnormalities. The sonographic appearance of a variety of ocular pathologic conditions is illustrated in this essay.

Eye↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Spontaneous dissection of the superior mesenteric artery.

Spontaneous dissection of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) is a rare occurrence, especially when not associated with aortic dissection [1]. Currently, only 28 cases appear to have been reported. Due to the scarcity of cases in the literature, the natural history of isolated, spontaneous SMA dissection is unclear. CT has been reported to be useful for the initial diagnosis of SMA dissection [2-5]. We present two recent cases of spontaneous SMA dissection in which enhanced spiral CT was instrumental in following the disease process and guiding clinical decision making.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Thrombus on indwelling central venous catheters: the histopathology of "Fibrin sheaths".

PURPOSE: Central venous catheters (CVC) may fail for many reasons, though "fibrin sheaths" blocking catheter ports are usually implicated. We examined the sheaths removed from dialysis catheters to determine their histopathology. METHODS: Ten catheter strippings were performed and the removed material was studied grossly and microscopically. RESULTS: The histologic specimens showed thrombus both with and without a proteinaceous sheath. CONCLUSION: Dialysis catheters fail because of thrombus formation. This can occur in either the absence or presence of a protein coating on the catheter, the so-called "fibrin sheath."

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Hepatic chemoembolization: effect of intraarterial lidocaine on pain and postprocedure recovery.

PURPOSE: To determine if intraarterial lidocaine reduces pain during and after chemoembolization, and whether it influences postprocedure recovery. METHODS: Two patient cohorts undergoing selective hepatic chemoembolization were compared. Chemoembolization was performed without lidocaine (control group) in 27 patients and intraarterial lidocaine was used (lidocaine group) in 29 similar patients. Objective changes in patient management were assessed. Pain reduction in 31 more procedures with lidocaine (total 60) was assessed and related to tumor type. RESULTS: During chemoembolization, intraarterial lidocaine reduced the need for additional intravenous analgesics from 69% to 19%. After chemoembolization the mean Dilaudid dose in the first 24 hr was reduced from 9.5 mg to 4.15 mg; accordingly, the mean length of hospital stay was reduced from 67.5 to 53.5 hr. During the day of chemoembolization, the mean oral fluid intake increased from 420 ml (control group) to 487 ml (lidocaine group); the percentage of patients taking solid food on the day of chemoembolization increased from 3% to 43%. CONCLUSION: Intraarterial lidocaine during chemoembolization reduces the severity and duration of pain after chemoembolization resulting in faster recovery thus reducing the length of hospitalization.

Anesthetics, Local↗