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Biomedical subjects

D Owens

Publications and source records attributed to D Owens.

150 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Improvement in the regulation of cellular cholesterologenesis in diabetes: the effect of reduction in serum cholesterol by simvastatin.

Cellular cholesterol homeostasis was examined in 11 hypercholesterolaemic Type 2 diabetic patients prior to and following reduction of serum cholesterol using simvastatin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMGCoA) reductase. Following 12 weeks of treatment with simvastatin (10-40 mg day-1), serum cholesterol decreased by 30 +/- 3% from 7.8 +/- 0.2 mmol l-1 to 5.5 +/- 0.2 mmol l-1 (p less than 0.001) and LDL-cholesterol by 35 +/- 4% from 5.7 +/- 0.2 to 3.6 +/- 0.1 mmol l-1 (p less than 0.001). The esterified/free cholesterol ratio in LDL also decreased from 2.75 +/- 0.18 to 1.94 +/- 0.10 (p less than 0.01) after treatment. Cellular cholesterol synthesis, measured by [14C] acetate incorporation into mononuclear leucocytes, decreased by 39 +/- 11% from 231 +/- 13 to 140 +/- 25 mumol g-protein-1 (p less than 0.01). The degree of suppression of [14C]acetate incorporation into cholesterol in normal mononuclear cells by diabetic patients' LDL increased from 32.1 +/- 4.0% to 48.8 +/- 2.5% (p less than 0.001) following simvastatin. The activity of acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol-0-acyltransferase (ACAT) increased significantly by 55 +/- 18% (p less than 0.05) after treatment. Cholesterol synthesis in patients' mononuclear cells correlated positively (r = 0.66, p less than 0.05) with the esterified/free cholesterol ratio of their LDL, while suppression of cholesterol synthesis by patients' LDL correlated negatively (r = -0.64, p less than 0.05) with the esterified/free cholesterol ratio of the LDL following treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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PubMedDate not supplied

Altered regulation of cholesterol metabolism in type I diabetic women during the menstrual cycle.

This study examines the relationship of cellular cholesterol metabolism to oestrogen and progesterone during the menstrual cycle in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. Nine premenopausal diabetic women were compared to nine non-diabetic women of the same age. Oestrogen, progesterone, lipoproteins, including lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) were determined in serum. Cellular cholesterol content and cellular cholesterol synthesis were measured in mononuclear leucocytes. There was no significant change in serum lipoproteins including Lp(a) during the cycle in either group. CETP activity was significantly higher over the 4 weeks in the diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic subjects (mean 463 +/- 30 mumol l-1 h-1 vs 405 +/- 28 mumol l-1 h-1, p < 0.01). Serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly lower during the 4 weeks in the diabetic patients (1.7 +/- 0.1 mmol l-1 vs 1.8 +/- 0.1 mmol-1, p < 0.05). Cellular cholesterol synthesis decreased steadily up to the third week in cells from the control subjects whereas there was no significant change in cells from diabetic patients whose cellular cholesterol synthesis was higher at week 3 compared with non-diabetic subjects (663 +/- 54 nmol mg-1 cell protein vs 432 +/- 43 nmol mg-1 cell protein, two-way interaction p < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between cellular cholesterol synthesis and serum oestrogen in the non-diabetic subjects (p < 0.05) but not in the diabetic patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Acetates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The early repetition of deliberate self harm.

The objective was to determine the pattern of repeated deliberate self harm (DSH) in a busy inner-city teaching hospital. We undertook a retrospective cohort analytical study for all 1,576 DSH patients seen for assessment over a two-year period. Age, sex and previous DSH were noted at index episode (562 (36%) reported a previous history). Each patient was followed up for 12 months and repetition of DSH was recorded. DSH was repeated by 193 (12%) within one year, 138 (72%) once and 55 (28%) more than once. Repetition was more common and occurred much more quickly in those with a previous history than those without (relative risk: 3.4). Median time to repetition was 12 weeks but about 10% repeated within a week. The results were similar for men and women. This implies that previous history is the single most useful predictor in the repetition of DSH. Repetition occurs quickly and most rapidly in those who have previously harmed themselves. Intervention aimed at reducing repetition of self harm must be delivered within days, not weeks.

Adult↗