Psychological adaptation and development under acculturative stress: toward a general model.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D O Born.
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A self-administered questionnaire was mailed to a random sample of male dentists (ages 35-50) in a single midwestern state. All dentists surveyed held similar views on the role that their careers played in shaping their identity, and 84 percent agreed with an hypothesis which suggests that most Americans believe they have the opportunity to pursue but one career during their lifetimes and that professionals, in particular, are likely to feel "trapped" in their careers as they age. A "crisis index" sought to isolate men undergoing the so-called midlife crisis, and both high and low crisis groups were identified. High-crisis dentists were markedly more concerned about health problems than were low-crisis dentists. High-crisis dentists were less satisfied with their careers, were far more likely to feel "trapped" in their positions, and experienced a greater entanglement of their domestic and professional lives.
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Public and professional debate over what, if any, action should be taken by state regulatory agencies regarding AIDS and the HIV status of dentists has increased in recent months. To determine if state boards had workable policies in place or were considering such policies, a telephone survey of all state boards was undertaken. All boards participated, although three provided only limited information. As of early 1992, only two boards required evidence of immunity to HVB for relicensure and none require evidence of seronegativity to HIV for relicensure. Twelve percent of the boards anticipate such requirements within two years. None have mandatory HIV testing, but 13 percent anticipate such requirements in the near future. The authors conclude that while few agencies have taken more than tentative steps toward rigorous HIV testing or restrictions, most are aware of much closer public scrutiny. More restrictions seem likely as these agencies attempt to balance public and professional rights and responsibilities.
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This paper describes the development and testing of the Professional Role Orientation Inventory, a 40-item Likert-type instrument designed to assess a dentist's perception of his or her professional role. The test includes four 10-item scales representing four attitudinal dimensions: Authority, Responsibility, Agency, and Autonomy. The study describes differences between and among groups of professionals and dental students who took the test. Responses to the various scales suggest that practitioners do have different conceptualizations of their professional role, though these conceptions vary somewhat from the various models of professionalism described in the literature.