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Biomedical subjects

D Nass

Publications and source records attributed to D Nass.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of fetal hydrocephalus due to infection with parainfluenza virus type 3.

Parainfluenza virus type 3 is one of the most common causes of respiratory infection in infants. No complications of pregnancy or fetal anomalies have been reported in association with parainfluenza virus infection. A pregnancy was terminated at 22 weeks' gestation due to ultrasonographic diagnosis of hydrocephalus. Pathological examination was consistent with viral encephalitis, ventriculitis and pneumonia. Serological investigation demonstrated a significant rise in maternal antibody titers for parainfluenza virus type 3. Parainfluenza virus type 3 may be associated with severe fetal infection in the first half of pregnancy. Serological studies for this virus should be considered in cases of fetal hydrocephalus.

Abortion, Therapeutic↗
PubMed1996

Carcinoid tumors frequently display genetic abnormalities involving chromosome 11.

Carcinoid tumors are neuroendocrine neoplasms that are encountered either sporadically or as part of a familial syndrome, most notably-multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1). The MEN1 gene localizes to chromosome 11 (11q13) and presumably functions as a tumor suppressor gene. The molecular mechanisms underlying carcinoid tumor development and their clonal composition remain largely unknown. To establish whether carcinoid tumors develop via a mechanism similar to other MEN1-associated tumors, and indirectly determine their clonal composition, we analyzed 36 sporadically occurring carcinoid tumors with 16 chromosome 11 microsatellite markers, mostly from around the MEN1 region for loss of heterozygosity (LOH). Twenty one tumors (58%) displayed LOH of at least three markers, five lost almost an entire allele and the rest displayed a discontinuous pattern. Similar, but less extensive analysis was also carried out for 10 additional carcinoid tumors from Brazil, 6 of the 10 showed LOH with at least one marker. Overall, 36 of 46 tumors (78%) displayed LOH. In addition, 20 of 46 (43%) tumors exhibited a pattern of genomic instability. Thus, the majority of sporadically occurring carcinoid tumors are monoclonal whose tumorigenesis involves inactivation of a tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 11 and DNA mismatch repair genes mutations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

Familial cutaneous malignant melanoma and tumors of the nervous system. A hereditary cancer syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Excessive risk of cutaneous melanoma as a second cancer has been associated with benign or malignant tumors of the nervous system. Cutaneous melanoma and nervous system tumors may independently aggregate in families. There are, however, no previous reports of increased likelihood of tumors of the nervous system in families of patients with cutaneous melanoma or--of cutaneous melanoma in families with tumors of the nervous system. METHODS: The occurrence of nervous system tumors as second cancers was examined in a series of 904 patients with cutaneous melanoma and/or their family members. RESULTS: Fifteen families with 17 members with cutaneous melanoma from this series had one or more additional relatives with tumors of the nervous system, including astrocytoma, medulloblastoma, glioblastoma multiforme, ependymoma, glioma, meningioma, and acoustic neurilemmoma. Another subgroup of 10 patients with cutaneous melanoma had either a meningioma (n = 9) or acoustic neurilemmoma (n = 1) as a second tumor. The pattern of atypical melanocytic nevi occurring in the majority (20/25) of cutaneous melanoma patients in our series and in additional first degree relatives of 9 of 11 of the affected families, has been previously associated with the Familial Atypical Multiple Mole-Melanoma syndrome. CONCLUSIONS: This unusual familial and personal occurrence of tumors, showing differentiation toward tissues of the neural crest, neuroepithelium, and/or mesenchymal derivation, supports a putative association with a hereditary cancer susceptibility trait.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[An unusual case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis].

A 25-year-old man was admitted following deterioration in behavior and onset of blindness. He soon became comatose and died 6 weeks later. Brain biopsy showed nuclear inclusion bodies resembling viral capsids, astrocytosis and perivascular lymphocytic cuffing but no demyelination. The diagnosis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis was made on finding: measles virus antigens in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid, the identification of measles RNA sequences in brain tissue by the polymerase chain reaction, and intense, oligoclonal, IgG-banding in the CSF. However, the relatively advanced age of the patient, the absence of myoclonus and the nondistinctive EEG profile lacking synchronous bursts of high-voltage slow and sharp waves, are unusual.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Testicular seminoma: clinical significance of nuclear deoxyribonucleic acid ploidy pattern as studied by flow cytometry.

PURPOSE: We evaluated the clinical significance of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) ploidy pattern as a predictor of prognosis in patients with testicular seminoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Flow cytometric nuclear DNA analysis was performed on archival specimens from 65 patients with pure seminoma who underwent radical orchiectomy between 1970 and 1992. RESULTS: A total of 42 specimens (65%) exhibited a DNA diploid pattern, while 23 (35%) were DNA aneuploid. Diploidy was manifested in 73% of the stage I tumors versus 31% of stage II cancers (p = 0.004). No correlation was found between ploidy and histological type, size or local extension of the tumor. Tumor progression was observed in 5 patients, exclusively displaying aneuploid histograms (p = 0.0017), and 3 of them subsequently died of the disease. CONCLUSIONS: DNA ploidy pattern may provide important prognostic information for patients with testicular seminoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Malignant peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) of the kidney.

We describe a 61-year-old patient with primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) arising from the kidney. Despite intensive treatment including surgery, combination chemotherapy and radiotherapy, rapid progression of the tumor was encountered and the patient died within six months with widespread disease. This appears to be the first recorded case of PNET of the kidney.

Fatal Outcome↗
PubMed1993

Localized renal cell carcinoma treated by radical nephrectomy. Influence of pathologic data and the importance of DNA ploidy pattern on disease outcome.

BACKGROUND: The course of patients with renal cell carcinoma may be considerably different. Approximately 50% with presumed localized disease have metastases after nephrectomy. Pathologic stage at diagnosis, histologic grade, and histologic type have been considered the most important predictors of prognosis. Nevertheless, subsets of patients within a specified stage and grade may have considerable differences in disease progression and survival. METHODS: Flow cytometric nuclear DNA analysis was used to study pathologic Stage I or II renal cell carcinoma in 54 patients who underwent radical nephrectomy between 1974 and 1983. RESULTS: Sixty-three percent of the tumors were diploid, and 37% aneuploid. A DNA diploid pattern was more common among Stage I tumors than Stage II tumors (69% versus 33%; P < 0.04). Progression occurred in 31% of the diploid tumors, whereas among the aneuploid group the progression rate reached 59% (P < 0.06). Considered as a single indicator, DNA ploidy pattern was strongly associated with patient survival. Ten years after surgery 79% of the patients who had diploid tumors and 50% of those with aneuploid tumors were alive (P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Nuclear DNA ploidy may serve as an important prognostic variable for patients with early stage renal cell carcinoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Intracoronary injection of basic fibroblast growth factor enhances angiogenesis in infarcted swine myocardium.

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to examine the effect of intracoronary exogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on angiogenesis in infarcted myocardial regions. BACKGROUND: Exogenous bFGF is a potent promoter of angiogenesis. Little information is available on its effect on myocardial angiogenesis. METHODS: Myocardial infarction was induced in 10 pigs by intracoronary injection of microscopic beads. Four pigs served as a control group; in six pigs slow-release bFGF was delivered by the beads. Cardiac performance was evaluated by repeated echocardiographic measurement and angiogenesis was evaluated by immunohistochemical studies 14 days later. RESULTS: As compared with control pigs, pigs treated with bFGF had higher microvessel counts (mean +/- SEM) in both viable tissue (141 +/- 27 per field vs. 39 +/- 4, p = 0.01) and nonviable tissue (329 +/- 26 per field vs. 95 +/- 7, p < 0.001) within the infarct area. No significant differences in total regional left ventricular wall motion were noted between the two groups throughout the 14-day study period. CONCLUSIONS: In the swine, direct intracoronary application of bFGF to infarcted myocardium enhances myocardial neovascularization within 2 weeks.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[Endometriosis of the bladder].

We report a case of endometriosis of the bladder in a 32-year-old healthy woman suffering from longstanding suprapubic pain, and urinary urgency and frequency. The disease, which is uncommon, usually has a high morbidity rate and is difficult to diagnose. A high level of suspicion is necessary for diagnosis, since neither the clinical presentation, nor imaging procedures are pathognomonic for endometriosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma].

5 patients diagnosed as having extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma have been referred to our adult oncology unit since 1980. All were men, ranging in age from 18-57 (mean 32 years). The primary tumor was located on the trunk in 4 and in an extremity in 1. Wide tumor excision was feasible in only 2. 3 died within 27 months and 2 are alive, 13 and 67 months, respectively, following diagnosis. This study demonstrates the highly aggressive nature of extraskeletal Ewing's sarcoma and the need for early diagnosis and efficient chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Chronic hematocele complicating renal failure and hemodialysis.

A patient with a recent history of genitourinary tuberculosis, chronic renal failure and hemodialysis presented with a slow growing scrotal swelling that had enlarged during the last 3 years. Physical examination and sonography were suspicious for testicular tumor, and surgical exploration and inguinal orchiectomy were performed. Ultimately the mass proved to be a chronic hematocele, a rare complication of uremic coagulopathy and hemodialysis. Because hematocele may clinically and sonographically resemble a testicular tumor, the proper management of a complex multiseptated scrotal mass without obvious history suggestive of hematocele is surgical exploration and orchiectomy. Awareness of this common presentation may obviate orchiectomy.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Tonsillar lymphoma].

3 patients with tonsillar lymphoma are described (a man of 68 and women of 62 and 57 years, respectively). The first had intermediate grade lymphoma localized in the tonsil and was treated by tonsillectomy and combined systemic chemotherapy. The second had low-grade lymphoma of the tonsil and widespread involvement of lymphoid tissue in the liver, spleen, mediastinum and retroperitoneum for which chemotherapy was given. The last had intermediate grade lymphoma, but had been misdiagnosed 4 years before as an undifferentiated carcinoma of the tonsil and was irradiated. After the malignant process had extended to the stomach, the correct diagnosis of diffuse large-cell lymphoma was made. Subtotal gastrectomy was followed by combined systemic chemotherapy. All patients responded well to treatment.

Aged↗
PubMed1990

Another complication of thoracostomy--perforation of the right atrium.

Tube thoracostomy is an invasive procedure that is frequently life-saving but carries a risk of complications. We describe herein a complication not documented before-laceration of the right atrium. This occurred in a severely kyphoscoliotic patient with a markedly narrowed chest and led to his demise. This case attests to the extreme caution warranted when using trocar-type thoracostomy in patients with thoracic deformities.

Aged↗