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Biomedical subjects

D N Slater

Publications and source records attributed to D N Slater.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Alopecia areata: alterations in the hair growth cycle and correlation with the follicular pathology.

A histopathological study was performed in 17 patients with alopecia areata to elucidate the changes in hair cycle dynamics. The findings confirm the view that the initial event in alopecia areata is the premature entry of anagen follicles into telogen, although some follicles survive for a time in a dystrophic anagen state. However, after re-entry into anagen takes place, growth appears to be halted in anagen III rather than anagen IV, as has previously been suggested. Follicles then return prematurely to telogen and these truncated cycles are repeated until the disease activity subsides. A new pathogenic hypothesis is presented which relates alterations in hair cycle dynamics to pathological changes within the anagen follicle and also provides an explanation for the formation of exclamation mark hairs and the non-destructive nature of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Fine needle aspiration cytology in dermatology: a clinicopathological appraisal.

The possible clinical value of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been assessed prospectively in 60 patients presenting with cutaneous lesions. The cytological diagnosis in each case has been compared with the clinical diagnosis and biopsy result. The principal potential use appears to be the rapid confirmation of the clinical diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma to allow immediate referral for radiotherapy or plastic surgery. FNAC could also prove useful when the clinical diagnosis of malignant melanoma is in doubt and primary diagnostic excision is difficult or disfiguring. Accurate distinction could usually be made between benign and malignant lymphoproliferative conditions, but further classification was difficult. Metastatic malignancy could be diagnosed with ease and other characteristic cytological appearances were seen with naevocellular naevi, pyogenic granuloma and pilar cysts. However, there were limitations in achieving an accurate diagnosis in approximately half the cases, and consequently, FNAC cannot be regarded in general as a substitute for histological diagnosis.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMed1986

Giant vascular eccrine spiradenomas: a report of two cases with histology, immunohistology and electron microscopy.

Two examples of a variant of benign spiradenoma are reported, both characterized by their large size and high degree of vascularity. The results of studies using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and immunohistology are described. The relationship of this unusual variant to other spiradenomas and their eccrine sweat gland origin is discussed. The possible misdiagnosis of this rare type of spiradenoma is emphasized.

Adenoma, Sweat Gland↗
PubMed1986

Angiosarcoma: a complication of varicose leg ulceration.

Most reports of skin malignancy associated with varicose ulceration have described carcinomatous change (1). The development of fibrosarcoma in varicose ulcers is considerably rare but has also been described (2). We report a case of angiosarcoma developing at the site of longstanding varicose ulceration.

Aged↗
PubMed1985

Phagocytic function in the isolated perfused rat liver. An experimental model.

An experimental model for measuring the phagocytic function of the isolated perfused rat liver is described. A progressive rise in phagocytosis was observed with increasing liver blood flow. This is due to an increase in total particle uptake by the liver with no alteration in the rate constant for phagocytosis except at the highest flow rate. Phagocytosis is substantially greater in the livers of 100-day-old rats than in 21-day-old rats, but the number of particles ingested per unit weight by the older rats is significantly less. Liver phagocytosis is shown to be both temperature- and oxygen-dependent, but independent of nutritional status and animal gender. This model may be useful for assessing the effects of drugs and toxins on hepatic phagocytosis.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1985

The lymph node in mycosis fungoides: a light and electron microscopy and immunohistological study supporting the Langerhans' cell-retrovirus hypothesis.

This paper describes the light and electron microscopy and monoclonal antibody findings in the lymph nodes of nine patients with mycosis fungoides. Four cases showed dermatopathic change characterized by close association between small convoluted T4 lymphocytes and T6 antigen-presenting cells (Langerhans' and indeterminate dendritic cells) in the sinuses and paracortical zones. The T4:T8 ratio was between 3 and 5:1. One case showed dermatopathic change but included large convoluted T4 lymphocytes and occasional T10 lymphocytes. The T4:T8 ratio was 4:1. The antigen-presenting cells were mostly T6 negative (interdigitating reticulum cells). One case showed extensive paracortical expansion by small and large convoluted T4 lymphocytes. The T4:T8 ratio was 20:1. Few B lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells were present. Two cases showed partial and one case total effacement by atypical lymphoid tissue. This included small and large convoluted T4 lymphocytes and T4 immunoblasts. The T4:T8 ratios were between 30 and 40:1. The changes in their antigen-presenting cell population were complex. Langerhans' cells in one case generally failed to express T6 antigen and in two displayed histiocyte features. In one case, both immature and budding type C retrovirus-like particles were identified in Langerhans cells. One extracellular mature type C virus-like particle was identified in another case. No ultrastructural distinction could be made between similarly sized primary lysosomes and possible intracytoplasmic mature type C retrovirus particles. These findings support the hypothesis that mycosis fungoides may represent an altered dermatonodal cycle resulting from an interaction between retrovirus, Langerhans' cells and lymphocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Fatal splenic rupture in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.

A fatal case of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (Type IV) is described. Autopsy revealed splenic rupture that had resulted from spontaneous haemorrhage into the splenic parenchyma. This is a previously unrecorded complication of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of chest and abdominal pain in patients with this condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Platelet production in myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death.

Megakaryocyte cytoplasmic volumes were studied in 13 subjects 18 +/- 2 days after admittance to the coronary care unit. Seven had suffered a myocardial infarction (MI group) while six had chest pain but no recent infarction. Megakaryocytes were also studied in 10 subjects suffering coronary sudden unexpected death (CSD group) and 11 subjects suffering sudden unexpected un-natural death. There was no significant difference between the megakaryocyte cytoplasmic volume distributions of the MI and CSD groups, although they had a significantly greater mean (p less than 0.01) and range (p less than 0.001) than their respective control groups. There was no significant difference in platelet volumes observed within 24 hr of the infarct and 18 +/- 2 days later. Mean platelet volume was significantly correlated (r = 0.89, p less than 0.006) to mean megakaryocyte cytoplasmic volume in the MI group. A computer simulation of platelet production showed no significant difference between platelet volumes observed in the MI group and those estimated to be circulating before death in the CSD group.

Adult↗