Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to D N Slater.
We describe an infant with a congenital form of non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis with clinical and pathologic features of both disseminated juvenile xanthogranulomatosis and benign cephalic histiocytosis. The findings in this case support the concept of these non-Langerhans cell histiocytoses forming part of a spectrum of disease rather than being separate pathologic entities.
Rabbits were fed either 2 g cholesterol in 10 ml olive oil daily with normal diet (n = 5) or normal diet alone (n = 5). After 12 weeks, the cholesterol-fed animals had developed fatty plaques involving 24% +/- 4% of the surface area of the aorta; the control animals had none. Mean platelet volume was significantly smaller (p less than 0.04) in the cholesterol-fed animals (4.1 +/- 0.3 fl) compared with the controls (4.8 +/- 0.4 fl). The heterogeneity of the average volume distributions of the two groups, characterized by the statistical parameters of the coefficient of variation, skewness, and kurtosis, was also significantly different. Platelet count was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in the cholesterol-fed group (7.48 +/- 1.06 x 10(11) platelets/liter blood) compared to the control group (4.86 +/- 0.60 x 10(11) platelets/liter blood). Mean megakaryocyte cytoplasmic volume was significantly larger (p less than 0.001) in the cholesterol-fed rabbits (12,262 +/- 1485 fl) compared with controls (6,814 +/- 761 fl). The range of cytoplasmic volumes was also significantly increased in the cholesterol-fed rabbits. A significant (p less than 0.01) increase in mean megakaryocyte nuclear volume in the cholesterol-fed animals was accompanied by a nonsignificant increase in mean nuclear DNA content: 30.2 +/- 3.7 N compared with a control value of 23.6 +/- 4.0 N. This evidence indicates that a high cholesterol diet in rabbits is associated with changes in platelet production from megakaryocytes as well with as the development of atherosclerosis.
The major advances achieved in recent years in pancreatic islet cell transplantation in animals and man are presented and reviewed. In animals, the biochemical and structural changes present in experimentally induced diabetes mellitus can be reversed in part or whole following transplantation. Fetal or neonatal pancreatic islet cell preparations are probably the most appropriate tissue types to employ in the human situation. The optimal conditions for their maintenance to allow such an approach to the therapy of diabetes are under active investigation.
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