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D N Lanjewar

Publications and source records attributed to D N Lanjewar.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

HIV-associated primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of ovary: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Although there have been few case series of primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) of ovary, no patient with AIDS-related primary ovarian lymphoma has been described in the literature. CASE: We report a case of human immunodeficiency virus infected female with primary ovarian NHL for which she could not receive standard NHL combination chemotherapy and standard HIV highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and succumbed to death within 7 months after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Primary ovarian lymphoma is rare as compared with other ovarian tumors and has similar presentation to other common ovarian malignancies. The patients from developing countries cannot afford standard NHL combination chemotherapy and HAART as these drugs are expensive and are not provided freely to all patients, in state government run public hospitals.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Recurrent Kimura's disease: excellent response to cyclosporine.

Kimura's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder involving the skin, subcutaneous tissues and lymph nodes, predominantly in the head and neck region. Though surgery, intralesional or systemic steroids or radiation therapy have been the mainstay of treatment recurrence is a common problem. On the basis of occasional case report of Kimura's disease responding to cyclosporine, we attempted oral cyclosporine in our patient with dramatic improvement.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Sudden death due to cardiac toxoplasmosis.

The recognition of cardiac toxoplasmosis has increased in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. The functional consequences of toxoplasmosis of heart vary considerably depending on the intensity of inflammatory reaction, the extent of involvement of myocardial muscle fibers by necrosis and intramyocytic presence of tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii. This report describes a case of toxoplasma myocarditis that lead to fatal cardiac arrest. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of cardiac toxoplasmosis in the Indian literature, which has manifested as sudden death.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Guinea worm infection of urinary bladder manifesting as obstructive uropathy in rural Maharashtra.

Guinea worm or Dracunculus medinensis is a well-documented helminthic infestation in many areas of Asia. In this report, we describe a rare case of guinea worm infestation in a 25-year-old woman who had developed symptoms of obstructive uropathy, in whom fragments of guinea worm were removed after urethral catheterization. To the best of our knowledge, adult guinea worm occurring in the urinary bladder has not been previously described.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Kaposi's sarcoma with thrombocytopenia in a heterosexual Asian Indian male.

A 45-year-old heterosexual male patient with retroviral disease since 12 years presented with hyperpigmented lesions, misdiagnosed initially as purpura due to an associated thrombocytopenia, but was biopsy proven to be Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Bone marrow examination revealed excess megakaryocytes. Low CD4 count and absence of platelet specific IgG reduced the likelihood of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). However after 6 weeks of antiretroviral therapy the patient's lesions have reduced and platelet counts are improving, possibly suggesting a sequestration thrombocytopenia in the abnormal tumor vessels of KS.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed2004

Hepatic pathology in AIDS: a pathological study from Mumbai, India.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the spectrum of hepatic disorders in AIDS, liver specimens from 171 patients (155 autopsies and 16 biopsies) were reviewed. METHODS: A retrospective and prospective study of 171 autopsy and biopsy specimens was carried out at a tertiary level hospital in Mumbai, India. RESULTS: Of the patients included in the study, 127 (74%) were male and 44 (26%) were female. The heterosexual route was the predominant mode of HIV transmission, identified in 163 (95%) patients. A total of 99 of 171 patients (58%) showed significant pathological lesions, and the most common pathological processes involving the liver appeared to be secondary to infections. None of our patients showed isolated infectious diseases of the liver. The spectrum of liver diseases identified was as follows: tuberculosis in 70 patients (41%), cryptococcosis in eight (5%), cytomegalovirus infection in six (3%), hepatitis B infection in five (3%), candidiasis in one (0.5%), malaria in one (0.5%), cirrhosis in six (3%), amyloidosis in one (0.5%) and primary hepatic lymphoma in one (0.5%). CONCLUSIONS: AIDS patients were found to have a high prevalence of underlying hepatic abnormalities. The spectrum of disease among patients with AIDS in India differs from that in developed countries. Our results suggest that hepatic tuberculosis is more common in AIDS than previously recognized, and that liver specimens should be examined routinely for the presence of acid-fast bacilli.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2002

Spectrum of dermatopathologic lesions associated with HIV/AIDS in India.

Histopatholgoical analysis of cutaneous lesions in 195 patients with HIV/AIDS was carried out between 1989 to 1997 at tertiary level public hospital in Mumbai. 104/195 (53%) cases showed infectious diseases which comprised of molluscum contagiosum (28), condyloma accuminata (18), verruca vulgaris (7), varicella zoster (5), syphilis (14), tuberculosis (13), donovanosis (4), leprosy (2), chancroid (2), bacillary angiomatosis (2), lymphogranuloma venercum (1), Norwegian scabies (3), leishmaniasis (2), demodicidosis (1), crytococcosis (1), tinea versicolor (1). In 12 (6%) cases neoplasms were observed which included squamous cell carcinoma (9), basal cell carcinoma (2) and kaposi's sarcoma (1) case. The miscellaneous conditions were observed in 66(33.5%) cases which comprised of psoriasis (21), papular urticaria (13), Reiter's disease (7) and eosinophilic folliculitis (6). The prevalence of cutaneous tuberculosis observed in this study is high as compared with western literature while the prevalence of kaposis's sarcoma is quite low as compared with reports from Africa, USA and United Kingdom.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed2001

Pulmonary pathology in patients with AIDS: an autopsy study from Mumbai.

OBJECTIVE: Although India has a high prevalence of HIV/AIDS, the associated pathologies responsible for morbidity have not been evaluated previously in a representative study. Hence, an autopsy study was carried out to analyse the spectrum of pulmonary lesions in patients with HIV/AIDS. METHODS: A retrospective and prospective autopsy study was carried out during 1988-2000 at Mumbai, India. Lungs from 143 adults, with at least 10 sections from each case, were examined using routine and special stains. RESULTS: The risk factors for 97 men (68%) and 38 women (27%) included: heterosexual sex with multiple partners (135 cases, 95%); blood transfusions (three cases; 2%); sex between men (two cases; 1%); and unknown risk factors (three cases, 2%). Pulmonary pathology was observed in 126 (88%) cases. The lesions identified were tuberculosis (85 cases, 59%), bacterial pneumonia (26 cases, 18%), cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection (10 cases, 7%), cryptococcosis (eight cases, 6%), Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (seven cases, 5%), aspergillosis (four cases, 3%), toxoplasmosis (two cases, 1%), Kaposi's sarcoma (one case, 1%), squamous cell carcinoma (one case, 1%). Two or more infections were observed in 18 (13%) cases. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary diseases and risk factors among patients with AIDS in India differ from those reported in industrialized countries. Tuberculosis was the most frequently observed pulmonary infection, followed by bacterial pneumonia and CMV pneumonitis. In contrast with industrialized countries, PCP remains less common in our patients. The information on opportunistic infections obtained in this study will be useful for managing HIV/AIDS cases at district level hospitals where diagnosing specific HIV-associated diseases is not always possible.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed2000

Metastatic carcinoma in hepatic hemangioma.

Metastasis into the hepatic hemangioma is a rare occurrence. We report a unique case of metastasis of intestinal carcinoma into hepatic hemangioma in a case of 65 year old male who presented with anorexia, weakness and headache. The postmortem examination revealed adenocarcinoma in the ileocaecal region. The liver showed a subcapsular hemangioma of 1.5 cms. diameter which on microscopic examination revealed metastasis of adenocarcinoma. The is the first documentation of metastasis in hepatic hemangioma. Such cases may pose problems of diagnostic difficulties and thus may result in mismanagement.

Aged↗
PubMed1999

Renal lesions associated with AIDS--an autopsy study.

Kidneys from 55 cases (20 with HIV infection and 35 with AIDS) were studied by routine Haematoxylin and Eosin stains and special stains (PAS, PASM GMS, ZN, Mucicarmine and Congo red) to evaluate, glomerular, interstitial and vascular pathology. Twenty-four of the 35 (68.6%) cases of AIDS showed infective aetiology which included 17 cases (48.5%) of tuberculosis, 5 cases (14.4%) of fungal infection (3 cryptococcus neoformans and 2 candida species) and 2 cases (5.7%) of CMV infection. Other lesions noted were amyloidosis and tubular calcinosis. HIV associated nephropathy (HIVAN) was not detected in any of the cases. Intravenous drug abuse was not a risk factor in our cases which probably explains the absence of HIV associated nephropathy in the present study.

AIDS-Associated Nephropathy↗
PubMed1999

Pneumocystis carnii pneumonia in AIDS--an autopsy report.

Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP), the most common presenting manifestation in patients with AIDS from western countries, holds the distinction for being the first opportunistic infection that was associated with AIDS. There is marked paucity of clinically diagnosed and pathologically confirmed cases of PCP in India. This case represents the first complete autopsy report of pneumocystis carinii pneumonia inpatient with AIDS from our country. A high index of clinical suspicion and microscopic confirmation is needed to avert mortality due to PCP in patients with AIDS.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1998

Profile of central nervous system pathology in patients with AIDS: an autopsy study from India.

OBJECTIVE: To study the spectrum of neuropathological brain lesions in HIV/AIDS cases. DESIGN: Retrospective autopsy study between 1988 and mid-1996 at a tertiary level public hospital. METHODS: Eighty-five adult brains, with at least 21 sections from each, were examined using routine and special stains. RESULTS: Risk factors in 64 men (75%) and 21 women (25%) included heterosexual contact with multiple sexual partners (83 cases, 98%), homosexual behaviour (one case, 1%) and blood transfusion (one case, 1%). Central nervous system (CNS) lesions were observed in 67 cases (79%). Opportunistic infections were present in 33 cases (39%), which included toxoplasmosis (11 cases, 13%), tuberculosis (10 cases, 12%), cryptococcosis (seven cases, 8%), and cytomegalovirus infection (six cases, 7%). Multifocal myelin loss was observed in 18 cases (21%), microglial nodules in 15 cases (18%), and angiocentric pallor in five cases (6%). Infarcts/haemorrhages were present in 13 cases (15%), choroid plexitis in 21 cases (25%), lymphocytic meningitis without opportunistic infection in 21 cases (25%), and calcification in four cases (5%). A dual infectious pathology was observed in one case (1%). Multinucleated giant cells and primary CNS lymphoma were not found in any of our cases. CONCLUSIONS: Patient profile and risk factors for AIDS in India differ from those reported in industrialized countries. Although not reported from India in the pre-AIDS era, toxoplasmosis was the most frequently observed CNS opportunistic infection in our study. CNS tuberculosis is frequently observed in Indian AIDS cases compared with reports from industrialized countries where its occurrence is uncommon. Death due to systemic opportunistic infections may punctuate the course of HIV encephalitis and prevent its full-blown morphological expression.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1998

Clinico-epidemiologic features of granuloma inguinale in the era of acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Granuloma Inguinale (GI) is an endemic sexually transmitted disease (STD) in India. With increasing prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among patients with STD at a clinic in Mumbai, a study was conducted to determine clinico-epidemiologic features of GI and HIV. GOAL: To determine possible interaction between GI and HIV. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective follow-up of 21 consecutive cases (GI in HIV-seropositive individuals) and 29 controls (GI in HIV-seronegative individuals) to determine time to heal. All cases and controls received a standard treatment regimen of erythromycin, 2 g po daily, under supervision until healing occurred. RESULTS: Although GI ulcers at recruitment were not significantly larger among HIV-seropositive individuals as compared with those seen among HIV-seronegative individuals (mean size 4.4 cm2 vs. 3.6 sq2; odds ratio [OR] 1.22, confidence interval [CI] .95, 0.63, 2.40; p = 0.52), the former took longer time to heal completely (mean 25.7 days vs. 16.8 days; OR 1.82, CI .95, 0.99, 3.36; p = 0.03) and tended to produce greater tissue destruction (as included in results). CONCLUSION: These findings are important because slow-healing GI ulcers with underlying HIV infection, which may be caused by their interaction, will lead to increased transmission of both the infections.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1998

Toxoplasmosis of the central nervous system in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.

Acute encephalitis caused by Toxoplasma gondi was diagnosed at autopsy in 10 (20.4%) of the 49 patients. All patients had under lying immunodeficiency due to AIDS and showed selective involvement of central nervous system at autopsy. Sexual promiscuity was the risk factor in nine cases while one case had a history of blood transfusion. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis was hampered by a lack of suspicion that Toxoplasma could be the agent causing necrotising encephalitis. The large number of cases of CNS toxoplasmosis appearing in AIDs patients emphasize the necessity of including toxoplasmosis in the differential diagnosis of encephalitis of unknown aetiology.

AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections↗
PubMed1998

Systemic amyloidosis in Hodgkin's disease.

Secondary amyloidosis as a complication of Hodgkin's disease has been described as being unusual to rare in occurrence. We report a case in which the clinical picture was that of a renal failure, etiology of which could not be determined but which proved to be amyloidosis secondary to clinically unrecognised Hodgkin's disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Renovasculopathies in elderly normotensives of Bombay, India.

In essential hypertension, specific vasculopathies distinguish the kidney of nephrosclerosis. The severity of renovasculopathy can be measured histologically at autopsy. A previously determined equation uses the measurements to calculate mean blood pressure levels. That equation did not encompass elderly subjects with minimal vasculopathy, because they were deficient in the previous data set. Such subjects were abundant in a series of 86 autopsies conducted at the J.J. Hospital in Bombay. That newly reviewed series now provides many instances of normotension accompanying minimal vasculopathy at ages greater than 40-50 years. These conditions are seldom observed in the U.S.A. The newly examined elderly normotensives manifest degrees of renovasculopathy equivalent to those of youthful normotensives with comparable blood pressure levels. The elderly subjects who escaped a rise of blood pressure with age were those with long delayed progression of renovasculopathy; this may be the explanation for avoidance of hypertension in old age. The outcome places the J.J. Hospital patients among the populations of the world with the slowest rates of progression of hypertension.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Metastatic carcinoma in uterine leiomyoma.

Metastasis of tumours are known to occur in the rarest of sites in the human body. But one of the truly rare phenomena in surgical pathology is to find the metastasis of one tumour into another. We report one such case of metastatic carcinoma in uterine leiomyoma from an occult primary site.

Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous↗