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Biomedical subjects

D N Dederich

Publications and source records attributed to D N Dederich.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Laser-matrix-fluoride effects on enamel demineralization.

Laser and fluoride have been shown to inhibit enamel demineralization. However, the role of organic matrix and their interactions remains unclear. This study investigated the interaction among CO2 laser irradiation, fluoride, and the organic matrix on the demineralization of human enamel. Twenty-four molars were selected and cut into halves. One half of each tooth was depleted of its lipid and protein. The other half served as a matched control. Each tooth half had two window areas, treated with a 2.0% NaF gel. All left windows then received a laser treatment. Next, the tooth halves were subjected to a four-day pH-cycling procedure that created caries-like lesions. Tooth sections were cut from the windows, and microradiographs were used for quantification of the demineralization. The combined fluoride-laser treatment led to 98.3% and 95.1% reductions in mineral loss for enamel with and without organic matrix, respectively, when compared with sound enamel.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2000

In vitro temperature change at the dentin/pulpal interface by using conventional visible light versus argon laser.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The argon laser has been promoted as a competing technology to multi-wavelength visible light as a curing source for dental restorative resins. However, the comparative thermal risk to the pulp between these two sources of light energy requires determination. The objective of this study is to compare the temperature induced at the dentin-pulpal interface between the argon laser and visible light curing unit at a variety of exposure regimens and conditions. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vitro temperatures were measured and recorded at the dentin-pulpal interface upon external light exposure. Independent variables included the dentin thickness, duration and waveform of exposure, and presence of composite resin. RESULTS: In most instances, the argon laser resulted in less temperature rise on the pulpal-dentin interface. CONCLUSION: The argon laser should not pose a serious thermal risk to the pulp if used at recommended energies.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed2000

Effects of low-energy CO2 laser irradiation and the organic matrix on inhibition of enamel demineralization.

In the past two decades, accumulated evidence has clearly demonstrated the inhibitory effects of laser irradiation on enamel demineralization, but the exact mechanisms of these effects remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low-energy CO2 laser irradiation on demineralization of both normal human enamel and human enamel with its organic matrix removed. Twenty-four human molars were collected, cleaned, and cut into two halves. One half of each tooth was randomly selected and its lipid and protein content extracted. The other half of each tooth was used as the matched control. Each tooth half had two window areas. All the left windows were treated with a low-energy laser irradiation, whereas the right windows served as the non-laser controls. After caries-like lesion formation in a pH-cycling environment, microradiographs of tooth sections were taken for quantification of demineralization. The mean mineral losses (with standard deviation) of the enamel control, the lased enamel, the non-organic enamel control, and the lased non-organic enamel subgroups were 3955 (1191), 52(49), 4565(1311), and 1191 (940), respectively. A factorial ANOVA showed significant effects of laser irradiation (p = 0.0001), organic matrix (p = 0.0125), and the laser-organic matrix interaction (p = 0.0377). The laser irradiation resulted in a greater than 98% reduction in mineral loss, but the laser effect dropped to about 70% when the organic matrix in the enamel was removed. The results suggest that clinically applicable CO2 laser irradiation may cause an almost complete inhibition of enamel demineralization.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1999

CO2 laser fusion of a vertical root fracture.

BACKGROUND: Vertical root fractures have had a poor prognosis and often have negative clinical and financial consequences for the patient. CASE DESCRIPTION: The author presents a case report in which he sealed a hairline vertical fracture associated with a vertical bone defect using a carbon dioxide, or CO2, laser at predetermined exposure parameters. Radiographic analysis at one year indicated good bone fill of the defect and a clinical examination revealed satisfactory healing. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The ability to seal vertical fractures with a CO2 laser may allow dental practitioners to extend the service of certain afflicted teeth and their restorations.

Carbon Dioxide↗
PubMed1994

SEM comparison of acid-etched, CO2 laser-irradiated, and combined treatment on dentin surfaces.

Research into polymer systems capable of bonding to dentin and enamel have resulted in improved bond strengths that allow more conservative restoration and strengthening of teeth. However, pretreatment of the dentin and enamel of various sorts, including exposure to laser energy, have been espoused to enhance this bonding. This study investigated the effects of two pretreatments, acid and CO2 laser exposure, both alone and in combination, on the surface topography of prepared dentin specimens as observed by scanning electron microscopy. Eighteen dentin specimens were flat-sanded with 600 grit sandpaper and exposed to 10% maleic acid and CO2 laser both alone and in combination. SEM observation suggested that laser treatment prior to acid etching could increase the resistance of the smear layer to acid removal, that laser exposure after acid treatment could expose a porous topography suggestive of the underlying dentin inorganic structure by way of vaporization of the collagen surface left after acid demineralization, and that these effects varied in degree with the laser exposure energy.

Acid Etching, Dental↗
PubMed1993

Laser use debated.

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Dental Caries↗
PubMed1991

Laser/tissue interaction.

When laser light impinges on tissue, it can reflect, scatter, be absorbed, or transmit to the surrounding tissue. Absorption controls to a great degree the extent to which reflection, scattering and transmission occur, and wavelength is the primary determinant of absorption. The CO2 laser is consistently absorbed by most materials and tissues and the Nd-YAG laser wavelength is preferentially absorbed in pigmented tissues. The factors which determine the initial tissue effect include the laser wavelength, laser power, laser waveform, tissue optical properties, and tissue thermal properties. There are almost an infinite number of combinations of these factors possible, many of which would result in unacceptable damage to the tissues. This underscores the need to thoroughly test any particular combination of these factors on the conceptual, in-vitro, and in-vivo level before a treatment is offered.

Humans↗
PubMed1991

Dental lasers and science.

We have attempted to accomplish two purposes in this article. First, we have presented the case that extensive scientific investigation must form the base of our profession, that it must be an ongoing, continuous process and that laser dentistry must be developed through extensive scientific inquiry--as all of our treatment modalities should be. Second, we have presented many examples of the science involved in the development of laser dentistry. Lasers do have far-reaching potential for application to dentistry. We, as a profession, must insist that such laser development is done properly, not foisted upon us based on anecdotal reports and incomplete research.

Dental Bonding↗
PubMed1990

Comparative bactericidal exposures for selected oral bacteria using carbon dioxide laser radiation.

Although relatively high CO2 laser energies have been shown to sterilize root canals, the response of several bacterial strains to decreasing exposures of CO2 laser energy remains unknown. Freshly grown bacterial cells were irradiated on glass microscope coverslips. A comparison of equivalent energy exposures with differing parameters was made on the bacterial viability. No statistically significant difference was found in the energy required to kill closely related bacterial species. However, the energy density required to kill greater than 99.5% of the bacteria is less than 200 J/cm2, much less than that shown to sterilize in a previous study.

Actinomyces↗
PubMed1986

The effects of cyclical axial motion on rotary endodontic instrument fatigue.

A potential problem with the use of rotary engine-driven files to flare canals is metal fatigue and subsequent breakage. This study analyzes the effects of cyclical axial motion on instrument failure by fatigue testing of endodontic files with and without cyclical axial motion. Eighteen new instruments, sizes 15 to 45, were mounted in a lathe and turned at 1650 rpm in the lubricated lumen of a curved Pyrex capillary tube until failure occurred. Nine instruments of each size were turned with cyclical axial motion and nine were turned without it. The results indicated that cyclical axial motion can significantly extend the life span of rotary engine files. Torsional forces were not considered in this study.

Equipment Failure↗
PubMed1986

Bactericidal action of carbon dioxide laser radiation in experimental dental root canals.

The ability of a carbon dioxide laser to sterilize the root canal of human teeth has been investigated. Three oral bacteria, Streptococcus sanguis, Streptococcus mutans, and Actinomyces viscosus, and three other bacteria, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used as experimental organisms. Exposure of cells on glass slides to laser radiation showed there was little difference in the exposure required to kill these six organisms. Complete recovery of bacteria from the root canal was initially a problem and was only achieved when bacterial manipulations and removal were carried out in rapid succession, within 5 min of inoculation. However, the geometry of the instrumented canal and the laser alignment were major factors in achieving consistent cell death of oral bacteria in the root canals. Using sets of 10 teeth, four repeated exposures of 10 W for 1 s was found to sterilize 4 or more of the teeth.

Actinomyces↗