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Biomedical subjects

D Mukherjee

Publications and source records attributed to D Mukherjee.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Opioid and non-opioid central cardiovascular effects of ketamine.

The cardiovascular responses to ketamine injected intracisternally were examined in chloralose anaesthetized cats. Blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at different time intervals after intracisternal injection of drug or saline vehicle. The low doses of ketamine (0.5 or 1.0 mg) elicited dose dependent increase in blood pressure and heart rate. In contrast the high dose of ketamine (4 mg), produced a fall in blood pressure and heart rate. The cardiovascular response elicited by the low dose was naloxone insensitive and completely blocked by haloperidol, but not by dopamine antagonist pimozide. The vasodepressor and bradycardiac effect of the 4 mg dose was naloxone antagonizable. These data show that excitatory cardiovascular effects of the low dose result from a naloxone resistant site while in high doses an inhibitory effect is elicited by action at naloxone sensitive opiate receptors.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of chlorhexidine scrub on postoperative bacterial counts.

Chlorhexidine surgical scrub was left on the surgeon's hands in 50 orthopedic and vascular surgical procedures to determine whether the number of bacteria on the hands could be decreased postoperatively. After a standard 5-minute scrub, one hand was randomly rinsed prior to gloving; the other was lightly patted with a sterile towel, leaving some foam on the hand. The surgeon then gloved and performed the procedure in the usual manner. After the operation, both hands were immersed in a tryptic soy broth for 30 seconds. The broth was then cultured for bacterial species and number. Cases in which glove puncture occurred were not cultured. The results were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. There were fewer bacterial colonies isolated from the hand coated with chlorhexidine scrub versus the other; this difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.005). There also seemed to be a trend towards higher bacterial counts after longer operations; however, the difference was not significant. Neither surgeon noted any evidence of dermatitis during the study. These results suggest that leaving chlorhexidine scrub on the hands during surgery can lead to lower bacterial counts on the surgeon's hands and less chance of wound contamination should glove puncture occur.

Antisepsis↗
PubMed1990

Collagen phenotypes during development and regression of myocardial hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

The myocardium contains collagen matrix that is a major determinant of its architecture, structural integrity, and mechanical properties. This fibrillar matrix consists primarily of type I and type III collagens having epimysial, perimysial, and endomysial components. The present study shows the alteration of collagen phenotypes during the evolution of hypertensive hypertrophy. Therapy with captopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor that regresses cardiac hypertrophy, not only reduces the total amount of collagen but reverses the altered distribution of type I and type III collagen. In normotensive rats, captopril did not significantly reduce collagen content or alter the ratio of type I to type III collagen.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1990

Biological significance of [14C]phenol accumulation in different organs of a murrel, Channa punctatus, and the common carp, Cyprinus carpio.

Phenol, a ubiquitous component of industrial effluents, is a common pollutant of water resources and a serious threat to fish. The present work demonstrates that a significant amount of phenol is retained by various tissues of the common carp, Cyprinus carpio, and the snake-headed murrel, Channa punctatus. The rate of [14C]phenol accumulation was higher carp than in the murrel. It is suggested that retention of phenol in the brain and ovary may seriously affect the reproductive potential of the fish.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Effect of isosorbide dinitrate on enzymatically estimated infarction size and on clinical condition of the patients of acute myocardial infarction.

With the aim of reducing myocardial infarction size, isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) was tried in 27 patients of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). There was 11% reduction of infarction size, in the ISDN treated group, in comparison to that of non treated group, though the result was not statistically significant. But, many of the in-hospital complications were significantly less in the treated group. After a critical analysis of the result it was concluded that a statistically insignificant result, as regard reduction of infarction size in AMI, cannot always exclude the utility of a drug therapy in AMI.

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1989

The relationship of the abdominal aortic aneurysm to the tortuous internal carotid artery. Is there one?

During our investigation of the tortuous internal carotid artery in the presence of atherosclerosis, we noted a 44% incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm. The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm in the adult population is 2% to 4%, and the incidence in a group of patients with carotid atherosclerosis has been reported to be 10%. This supports an association between the tortuous internal carotid artery and the abdominal aortic aneurysm independent of other risk factors. We found no significant difference in sex, age, or other atherosclerotic risk factors between those patients with and those without an abdominal aortic aneurysm. This suggests the possibility of weakness of the arterial wall as a cause of tortuous internal carotid artery and abdominal aortic aneurysm in this group of patients. Better histologic and biochemical definition of this possible weakness is warranted. From a clinical standpoint, we feel that the high association of the two conditions should not be ignored; patients found to have a tortuous internal carotid artery should be investigated and followed up carefully for the presence or subsequent development of aneurysmal degeneration of the aorta.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Endarterectomy as the procedure of choice for atherosclerotic occlusive lesions of the common femoral artery.

Isolated atherosclerotic lesions of the common femoral artery, though uncommon, are frequently associated with disabling peripheral ischemic symptoms when compared with similar lesions in the superficial femoral artery since claudication involves the thigh and calf and usually limits walking distance to less than one block. From 1969 to 1987, 29 patients underwent common femoral endarterectomy with vein patch angioplasty for symptoms of disabling claudication in 17, rest pain in 6 and ischemic ulceration in 6 patients. Endarterectomy was confined to the common femoral artery in 10 patients whereas endarterectomy was carried into either or both the deep or superficial femoral arteries in 19 patients. There was one immediate failure, secondary to residual disease in the outflow tract. All patients were discharged with patent reconstructions. Amputations were avoided in the 12 patients with advanced ischemic symptoms. Patients were followed long-term. Three patients were lost to follow-up with patent repairs to that time. There was one late occlusion. The cumulative patency rate 5 years postoperatively was 94 percent. The only complication was aneurysmal dilatation of the end-arterectomy site in one patient.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Assessing efficacy of therapeutic intervention on myocardial infarction process by enzymatic prediction method.

Efficacy of drug therapy in reduction of enzymatically estimated infarction size, was often assessed by enzymatic prediction method. But the drawback of this method is that, this can assess neither the utility of early administration of drug therapy nor the clinical effects of the drug. Predicted infarction size (PIS) does not include reinfarctions. Therefore, in such studies cases of reinfarctions are either to be excluded or PIS should be compared with modified infarction size (MIS). Moreover, a large number of patients (not a few ones) should be included in trial for correct assessment of the utility of therapy.

Creatine Kinase↗
PubMed1989

Importance of peak enzyme level and reinfarction while attempting to intervene myocardial infarction process.

Isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) was tried in 27 patients, of which 4 patients with evidence of reinfarction were excluded in the course of the study, with acute myocardial infarction, with the aim of reduction of enzymatically estimated infarction size. The drug apparently seemed useless, when overall effects of the therapy was looked into. But in the group, where drug was administered before the occurrence of peak enzyme level (PEL), ISDN could reduce infarction size by 22.95% (p less than 0.01). Similarly when all the 12 cases of re-elevation of enzyme level (suggesting reinfarction) were excluded, the drug was found to reduce infarction size by 21.14% (p less than 0.01). Time of onset of therapy with respect to PEL and occurrence of reinfarction seemed to be important governing factors regulating the efficacy of drug therapy.

Humans↗
PubMed1989

Fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology in diagnosis of cervical lymphadenopathies.

Four hundred and forty-four patients with cervical lymphadenopathies without any consideration for age and sex were subjected to fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology. The results were compared with those of histological sections. In tuberculous lymphadenitis, pyogenic lymphadenitis, Hodgkin's disease and leukaemic infiltration of lymph nodes 100% correct diagnosis was made; it was 98.4% in metastatic carcinoma, 97% in non-specific lymphadenitis and 92.3% in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. An overall 96.2% correct diagnosis was made by fine needle aspiration biopsy cytology technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Diaphyseal dysplasia associated with anemia.

Five patients in early childhood had moderate to marked anemia and clinically demonstrable thick long bones of the extremities with radiologic features of diaphyseal dysplasia. Although the anemia was persistent and not responsive to hematinics, prednisolone was administered to two of these patients and caused remarkable improvement of the anemia in both. Roentgenologic examination carried out after 1 year of corticosteroid therapy in one patient and after 11 years in another showed considerable improvement of the bony changes. The clinical and radiologic examinations of these patients and their follow-up study suggest that they may constitute an unusual group of patients with diaphyseal dysplasia associated with anemia, hitherto not well defined.

Anemia↗
PubMed1988

Partial splenectomy with autologous capsule graft.

The spleen is the most common organ to be injured in the abdomen. The importance of splenic salvage, when possible, is also well established. When associated with hollow viscus injury or other significant intra-abdominal trauma, the judicious avoidance of foreign material and necrotic tissue in splenorrhaphy is important to prevent against subsequent infection. The effective and expedient repair of the injured spleen requires creativity and a variety of alternative techniques used by the surgeon. The use of autologous capsule grafts to cover the raw parenchyma after partial splenectomy offers another simple adjunct to the armamentarium of the surgeon attempting splenic salvage.

Humans↗
PubMed1987

Head circumference reference data: birth to 18 years.

Highly reliable data from a sample of 888 white US children, measured serially in a single study, have been used to provide reference data for head circumference from birth to 18 years of age. The present data differ little from those already available for the age range from birth to 36 months of age, but they are considerably higher (about 0.5 cm) at older ages for boys and tend to be slightly higher for girls. These new reference data are smoother across age than those used currently for screening and evaluation. Percentiles for 6-month increments from birth to 6 years have been provided.

Cephalometry↗
PubMed1986

Steroids and related products. LIII. The synthesis of 11-oxa steroids. V. The synthesis of 17-ethynyl-11-oxatestosterone.

The synthesis of 17-ethynyl-11-oxatestosterone, both from 11-oxa-5 alpha-pregnane-3,20-dione and, via a 3,17-dioxygenated 9-oxo 9,12-seco 11-nor 5 alpha-androstane-12-oic ester, from 3 beta-acetoxy-17-hydroxy-5 alpha-pregnan-12-one--two products available from hecogenin--is reported. The new hormone analogue shows significant progestational activity in the Clauberg test and relatively weak activity in a post-coital antifertility assay.

Progesterone Congeners↗
PubMed1986

Some anthropometric indices of body composition for elderly adults.

Weight divided by stature squared (W/S2) was computed from weight and stature, and midarm muscle area (MAMA) was computed from recumbent measures of midarm circumference and triceps skinfolds in a sample of 119 elderly white men and 150 elderly white women. Sex-specific means, standard deviations, and percentiles for W/S2 and MAMA are presented at 65, 70, 75, 80, 85, and 90 years of age. Women had significantly larger mean values for W/S2 at 90 years, but the men had significantly larger W/S2 values at 65 years and for MAMA values at all ages. The formula for MAMA was used because there is no systematic difference between values for corresponding standing and recumbent measurements. Weight divided by stature squared and MAMA are indirect indices of the degree of obesity and leanness, both of which are important health problems in elderly adults.

Aged↗