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Biomedical subjects

D Mele

Publications and source records attributed to D Mele.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Acute and chronic nitrendipine administration in essential hypertension: a chronobiologic study.

To evaluate the chronobiologic pattern of the hypotensive effect of nitrendipine, 10 patients with mild-to-moderate arterial hypertension were studied. They received a randomized single dose (20 mg) of nitrendipine and placebo, and 20 mg of nitrendipine daily for 2 months. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively) and heart rate (HR) were measured for 24 h using an automatic noninvasive device. The data were analyzed by single and mean cosinor methods and by ANOVA and Student's paired t test. Chronic administration of nitrendipine resulted in a more effective lowering of the SBP and DBP mesor, compared with placebo and acute administration, preserving the circadian rhythms. The preservation of the HR circadian rhythm agrees with the lack of interference of the drug with neurohormonal mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Circadian rhythm of blood pressure and calcium entry blockade: a chronobiologic study with nitrendipine in essential hypertension.

In order to evaluate the chronobiologic effect of nitrendipine, 27 patients with mild-to-moderate arterial essential hypertension were studied. After randomized administration of 20 mg of nitrendipine and placebo, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP, respectively) and heart rate (HR) were measured for 24 h using an automatic noninvasive device. The data of the time series were statistically analyzed by single and mean cosinor methods (obtaining mesor, amplitude, and acrophase) and by ANOVA and Student's paired t test. Nitrendipine significantly reduced the SBP and DBP mesors without affecting the HR mesor, and reduced the SBP and DBP amplitudes while increasing the HR amplitude. After placebo, group circadian rhythms were observed for SBP, DBP, and HR and maintained after nitrendipine. In conclusion, a single-dose administration of nitrendipine is effective in lowering blood pressure. The increased HR amplitude is probably due to a tachycardic reaction. The preservation of the SBP, DBP, and HR group circadian rhythms agrees with the lack of interference of the drug with the neurohormonal mechanisms.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Peripheral vascular circulation in trained athletes.

Modifications in the neurogenic control are important in cardiovascular adaptation to physical training. To examine the influence of such variations on arterial blood pressure, heart rate and limb blood flow the Authors have studied the reaction to cardiovascular stress tests of soccer players and sedentary controls. No difference was found in the blood flow response between athletes and sedentary subjects. However, the tests inducing sympathetic activation determined blood pressure response of different intensity, possibly related to the differences in the autonomic nervous system control.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

The effect of captopril on peripheral hemodynamics in patients with essential hypertension: comparison between oral and sublingual administration.

A comparative study of the effects of oral and sublingual captopril on the hemodynamics of the peripheral musculocutaneous vasculature was carried out on ten patients with essential hypertension. Both routes of administration of captopril lead to lower blood pressure and decreased regional resistance, and to an increased arterial blood flow at rest. The first measurable effect and the peak effect on blood pressure and peripheral hemodynamics appear slightly earlier with sublingual administration. The data provided in this study support the usefulness of the sublingual route in clinical situations in which oral administration of captopril is not feasible.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

A mass-spring model hypothesis of the genesis of the physiological third heart sound.

A study on the genesis of the third heart sound (S3) based on the mass-spring model is presented. In such a system the natural frequency of vibration depends on the stiffness constant and the mass according to a physical law. The amplitude versus frequency spectra of S3 of 19 patients were obtained using the FFT algorithm together with mono- and two-dimensional echocardiographic parameters. Each echo parameter was correlated with the relative energy contained in each of the 15 Hz bands in which the normalized average spectrum of S3 of each subject was divided. The relative energy of each band was related to echocardiographic parameters. Significant correlation coefficients were found between the diameter of the left ventricle measured at the end of the rapid filling phase. The thickness of the posterior wall and of the interventricular septum at this moment, and the energy contained in certain frequency bands. The statistical correlations we have revealed are consistent with the model postulated in our hypothesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of the cardiac and peripheral vascular effects of the administration of single-dose enalapril and captopril in essential arterial hypertension].

The effects of single orally-administered dose of enalapril and captopril on central and district-peripheral circulations have been studied in 20 patients with essential arterial hypertension. Either drug caused a decrease in arterial pressure, telesystolic and telediastolic parietal stress, and a reduction in the peripheral vascular resistance of upper limb district. Furthermore, at the upper limb district level, increases in arterial flow and venous-system capacity have been observed. The entity of these modifications induced by enalapril and captopril appeared comparable, according to the respective peak-time and used dosages. Under this study conditions, the difference between the drugs resulted to be essentially of chronological nature.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of acute and long-term administration of ramipril on circadian rhythm of blood pressure in essential hypertension.

Ambulatory monitoring was used to evaluate the antihypertensive efficacy and effect on circadian rhythms of blood pressure and heart rate of a single dose and long-term administration of ramipril in 20 patients with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Patients initially were randomized to receive either placebo or a single 5-mg dose of ramipril, followed 1 week later by 5 mg of ramipril daily for 6 months. Systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and heart rate were measured every 20 minutes for 24 hours. Single-dose ramipril reduced both SBP and DBP (P < .001) without affecting heart rate. Long-term treatment produced a small additional antihypertensive effect, again without modifying heart rate. Cosinor analysis demonstrated that both administrations of ramipril effectively lowered SBP and DBP mesors (P < .001), compared to placebo; circadian rhythms remained undisturbed. Heart rate also was not modified on any circadian parameter. A significant reduction (P < .001) of blood pressure amplitude, however, occurred after long-term treatment and may have importance in terms of preventing cardiac damage.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute sublingual nifedipine and adrenergic activation: a chronobiologic attempt of optimized administration in healthy subjects.

Nifedipine has been shown to increase heart rate and plasma catecholamines, due to an adrenergic activation. Two healthy male subjects, after a period of sinchronization, have self-measured heart rate (HR) every 30 min for two consecutive days through a portable, non invasive, automatic device. The data were then analysed by means of chronobiologic procedures, to verify their personal HR acrophase. Forty-eight hours later, the same subjects repeated the trial, assuming 20 mg of sublingual nifedipine just one hour before their calculated HR acrophase, and data were analysed at the same way. After drug assumption, both HR acrophases and mesors failed to show any modification.

Administration, Sublingual↗