The ANC National Health Plan.
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National Health Programs↗
Biomedical subjects
D McCoy
Publications and source records attributed to D McCoy.
Antiinflammatory influences of alpha-MSH molecules: central neurogenic and peripheral actions.
alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH1-13) and its COOH-terminal tripeptide alpha-MSH11-13 (Lys Pro Val) inhibit inflammation when administered systemically. Recent evidence indicates that alpha-MSH1-13 can likewise inhibit inflammation in the skin solely via an action within the brain. Because of the potential importance of this discovery to understanding the control of inflammation and because alpha-MSH molecules might be useful for treatment of inflammation, experiments were performed to learn more about the mechanisms of action of these peptides. In tests on inflammation induced in the mouse ear by intradermal injections of recombinant human interleukin-1 beta, alpha-MSH1-1-13 administered intracerebroventricularly effectively reduced inflammation. This effect of centrally administered alpha-MSH1-13 was inhibited by systemic injection of the nonspecific beta-adrenergic receptor blocker propranolol and by administration of a specific beta 2-adrenergic receptor antagonist; the effect was not altered by blockade of cholinergic, alpha-adrenergic, or beta 1-adrenergic receptors. In mice with inflammation induced in a hind paw and with the spinal cord transected, the antiinflammatory effect of centrally administered alpha-MSH1-13 was prevented, indicating that intact descending neuronal pathways are required for the antiinflammatory influence of the central peptide. Systemic injection of alpha-MSH1-13 in animals with spinal cord transection had a smaller and later antiinflammatory effect, which suggests that the molecule also has an action, albeit lesser, in the periphery. However, alpha-MSH11-13 injected intraperitoneally had marked antiinflammatory activity in animals with spinal cord transection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Neuroendocrine and haemodynamic responses to abdominal aortic cross clamp and release during high-dose opiate-oxygen-isoflurane anaesthesia.
The haemodynamic and neuroendocrine responses and beta adrenoceptor distribution associated with aortic cross clamping and release were quantified in 14 patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery using a high-dose opiate-oxygen-isoflurane anaesthetic technique. These changes were correlated with neutrophil beta adrenoceptor distribution. Aortic cross clamp application was associated with increased systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and decreased cardiac index (CI). Left ventricular stroke work index remained constant during the period of cross clamp application and following release. Cross clamp release was associated with increased CI and decreased SVR. Plasma cortisol concentrations did not change during the study period. Plasma catecholamine concentrations, although elevated prior to surgery, remained unchanged during aortic cross clamping and following release. The percentage of internalised beta adrenoceptors was elevated before surgery and was unaffected by surgical intervention. This study suggests that a high-dose fentanyl-oxygen-isoflurane anaesthetic technique in a patient population with high circulating catecholamine levels and downregulation of beta adrenoceptors is associated with cardiovascular stability and attenuated neuroendocrine responses.
Aged↗
The California Diabetes and Pregnancy Program: implementation of a multicenter experience with diabetic pregnancies.
The California Diabetes and Pregnancy Program (CDAPP) began in 1984 as a multicenter, collaborative project with support provided by the state Department of Health Services, Maternal and Child Health Branch. Between its inception and 1988, it expanded from three to eight perinatal regions, making the CDAPP model of care available to patients in 19 clinical affiliate sites. The care was provided by a multidisciplinary team composed of physicians, a diabetes educator, a registered dietician, a social worker, and appropriate consultants. The elements of this model of care included comprehensive patient education, active patient participation in care, maternal and perinatal medical assessment, and collection of standardized patient information adequate to allow a programmatic and medical evaluation of the CDAPP. Despite impressive growth of the program by December 1988, statewide implementation of CDAPP is incomplete.
Adolescent↗
The natural history of intimal flaps in a canine model.
The natural history of arterial intimal flaps has not been well defined. This study characterizes the natural history of unrepaired intimal flaps. Thirty-nine 1-, 2-, and 3-mm hemispheric, distally based intimal flaps were made in 4- to 5-mm diameter canine femoral and carotid arteries. Twenty arteries had 2- and 3-mm intimal flaps and were monitored for short-term arterial thrombosis and flap extension. Nineteen had 1- and 2-mm intimal flaps and were monitored for thrombosis, long-term development of neointimal hyperplasia, arterial stenosis, and persistence of the flap. While 40% of the arteries with 3-mm intimal flaps developed thrombosis in 3 to 5 days, only 3% of the arteries with 1- or 2-mm intimal flaps developed thrombosis. Most 1- to 2-mm intimal flaps resolved and the subsequent development of neointimal hyperplasia or arterial stenosis was minimal. Arteries with hemodynamically significant stenoses from intimal flaps warrant repair, while arteries with smaller intimal flaps may not require repair.
Animals↗
Pinacidil, a new vasodilator, in the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension.
Twenty three patients with essential hypertension who were uncontrolled on diuretic and/or beta-receptor antagonist therapy were treated additionally with the vasodilator, pinacidil, in an open study. Significant reduction in mean blood pressure was achieved. Supine and erect systolic and diastolic blood pressure fell by 44/25 mmHg and 37/24 mmHg respectively over the study period of 12 weeks. Side-effects such as dizziness, headache, facial flushing and mild oedema were experienced by 10 patients during the study, all of which were mild and transient and did not require withdrawal from pinacidil therapy. Pinacidil is an effective and well tolerated agent in the treatment of essential hypertension.
Adult↗
Artefactual fetal heart trace in an undiagnosed dead fetus.
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Adult↗
The morphology of abdominal and inguinal cryptorchid testes in stallions: a light and electron microscopic study.
Eleven unilateral cryptorchid stallions, two to three years old, were castrated at Louisiana State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital. Five of these cryptorchid cases were abdominal and the rest were inguinal. This study was initiated to document the differences between the abdominal and inguinal equine cryptorchid testes. Specimens were obtained from the abepididymal side of each cryptorchid testes and processed for light and electron microscopic study. The cryptorchid testes were smaller than the scrotal testes, with the abdominal testes being one-fourth the size of the scrotal testes. Two of the abdominal testes had cysts filled with a straw-colored fluid. The seminiferous tubules of the abdominal testes were larger than those in the inguinal testes. The epithelial linings of the seminiferous tubules of the abdominal testes were vacuolated and did not contain more than two layers of undifferentiated cells. The interstitial collagen fibers of the abdominal testes were coarse and more abundant than those of the inguinal testes. The seminiferous tubules of the inguinal testes were smaller and contained many layers of epithelial cells at different stages of embryological differentiation, with scattered primordial germ cells. The necrotic, degenerative changes of the epithelial cells of the abdominal testes were distinct, while the inguinal testes had healthy cells at embryological arrest.
Animals↗