Search PubMed⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

D Martin

Publications and source records attributed to D Martin.

At least 811 records · Page 45Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Patterns of drinking among the deaf.

Thirty-nine White deaf persons functioning normally within the general hearing community were surveyed on a variety of factors concerning their use of alcohol, and compared to the data from two comparable hearing samples reported previously in the literature. No significant differences were found between the deaf and hearing samples on patterns of drinking or other parameters of alcohol use. Heavier alcohol use among the deaf correlated significantly with reported frequency of driving after having drunk too much, age of having had the first drink, ever having been drunk, feeling guilt over drinking too much, and others criticizing the respondent for drinking behavior. Heavier use also tended to be correlated with attendance at an all-deaf school. Implications of the findings of similar drinking patterns for the deaf and the hearing are discussed in terms of the lack of specific rehabilitation facilities for the deaf, along with possible reasons for the lack of use by deaf clients of alcohol rehabilitation agencies in the community.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Chronic hepatitis in sex linked agammaglobulinemia. One case (author's transl)].

The authors report the case of a 21 years old man, with sex-linked agammaglobulinemia, who presents a presumed viral hepatitis, followed two years. The evolution, does yet fear a progressive cirrhosis. About this report and analysis of literature, frequency, evolution and pathophysiologic hypothesis, particularly the lymphocyte T role, are also discussed as the problem of hepatitis prevention of these subjects, who receive gammaglobulin injections.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Death in an adolescent following an overdose of acetaminophen and phenobarbital.

A 13-year-old epileptic girl took an overdose of acetaminophen (Tylenol) and phenobarbital. Hepatic encephalopathy developed and the patient died eight days later. Necropsy revealed extensive centrilobular necrosis of the liver, degeneration of the renal distal tubules, and infarcted and demyelinated foci throughout the white matter of the cerebral cortex. Electron microscopy of intact hepatocytes showed a proliferation of both smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum consistent with enzyme induction from phenobarbital. To our knowledge, this is the first reported death in a child in the United States as a result of acetaminophen and should alert physicians to an expected increase in acetaminophen toxicity as the drug becomes more widely available.

Acetaminophen↗
PubMed1978

Sexually transmitted diseases. Advances in management.

We have briefly presented practical approaches to the management of the most common disorders caused by sexually transmitted pathogens, including pelvic inflammatory disease, urethritis in men, genital lesions, vaginal discharge, and syphilis. Guidelines for the management of gonorrhea may change if penicillin-resistant strains become more prevalent. Areas which require further research include the treatment of genital herpes and the prevention of recurrences, the treatment of nonspecific vaginitis, and definition of the importance of metronidazole toxicity.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1978

Deep nephron function after release of acute unilateral ureteral obstruction in the young rat.

The effects of acute unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) of 18 h duration on deep nephron function was evaluated in 14 weanling rats with the technique of micropuncture. After release of UUO, 3.4 +/- 0.66% (SE) of the filtered water remained at the tip of the collecting duct nearly fivefold greater than in controls (0.75 +/- 0.10%). Similar differences were seen in fractional sodium that remained at this site. The ratio of tubular fluid osmolality to that of plasma was also reduced in the UUO group (1.53 +/- 0.06 vs. 4.60 +/- 0.26 in controls, P less than 0.001). Single nephron glomerular filtration rate of cortical and deep nephrons was significantly less (P less than 0.001) after release of UUO. Although the percentage of filtering nephrons was significantly reduced in both nephron populations, the decline in glomerular filtration rate was greater in cortical than in juxtamedullary nephrons (cortical:juxtamedullary nephrons = 27.6 +/- 4.5% vs. 53.3 +/- 5.2% in controls, P less than 0.005) which suggests that single nephron glomerular filtration rate is redistributed to deep nephrons after release of UUO. In contrast to cortical nephrons, the amount of tubular fluid which remains near the bend of the loop of Henle of deep nephrons was greater after release of UUO. This appeared to be the result of a decrease in the reabsorption of both water (tubular fluid:plasma inulin = 2.41 +/- 0.16 vs. 7.94 +/- 0.69 in controls, P less than 0.001) and sodium (52.3 +/- 4% vs. 40.7 +/- 2.9% of the filtered sodium in controls, P less than 0.02). It is suggested that this altered reabsorption occurs along both the proximal tubule and descending limb of the loop of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons. Inner medullary plasma flow (IMPF), as measured with the [125I]albumin-accumulation technique, was significantly depressed before release of UUO, but exceeded control values 90 min postrelease. Such changes imply that the filtration fraction of deep nephrons is decreased and that physical factors in the proximal tubular reabsorption of sodium have been altered. When papillary solute content was measured before release of UUO it was low (428 +/- 23 vs. 1,205 +/- 106 mosmol/kg in controls, P less than 0.001) which indicates that the decline in papillary osmolality is not a consequence of the increased IMPF seen after ureteral release, but rather precedes it. In fact, the decline in papillary osmolality may contribute to the increase in IMPF after release of UUO and to the decreased reabsorption of fluid along the descending limb of the loop of Henle.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Age-related problems in the procedure of fibrinolytic treatment with streptokinase (author's transl)].

600 patients aged 24 to 78 were treated by streptokinase infusions. 38 patients were older and 562 patients younger than 65 years. Most indications of fibrinolytic therapy were chronic arterial occlusions and stenoses. The outcome of lytic treatment was dependent upon the occlusion's age, e.g., occlusions of 0--2 weeks standing were dissolvable in 75%, of 2--6 weeks standing in 57%, and of 6 weeks to 3 months standing in 38%. Very similar results were seen in iliac and aortic occlusions. Stenoses displaying crumbly irregular patterns in the angiogram responded as well to streptokinase infusion. No correlation between lytic success rate and patient's age was seen. Cerebral accidents occurring during fibrinolytic treatment amounted to 1.42% in the age group above 65 years and to 5.26% in the group under 65 years. This difference was significant at p less than 0.036.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1978

Cryptorchidism and testicular neoplasia.

A retrospective review of 20 cases of testicular neoplasia in cryptorchid patients is presented. These cases serve to emphasize the need for more effective diagnosis and management of the undescended testis. The various clinical presentations, diagnostic modalities, prognostic indicators, and types of management are reviewed. Due to its inaccessibility and array of clinical presentations, the intraabdominal testies tumor continues to be a diagnostic challenge. Strict attention to diagnostic cues and adherence to the management practices presented here would hopefully result in an overall decrease in testis tumors in the post-pubertal male.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Esophageal manometrics in patients with angina-like chest pain.

Fifty-eight patients with angina-like chest pain had esophageal manometric testing. Forty-three had no evidence of coronary artery disease at the time of referral or at subsequent contact; 15 patients were proven to have coronary artery disease. High-amplitude contraction waves were the most frequently found manometric abnormality (15 patients). Less frequent were increased duration of contractions, achalasia, and diffuse esophageal spasm; the latter was present in only 3 patients. An approach to the interpretation of information obtained during manometry is presented. Using this approach, the esophagus was strongly implicated as the cause of the pain in 20 patients and was suspect in 18 others. Seven patients had results that exonerated the esophagus, and in the 13 remaining individuals, the esophagus was probably not the offending organ.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Spenic artery aneurysm presenting as left renal mass.

A case of splenic artery aneurysm presenting as a left upper quadrant mass represents a diagnostic challenge due to its paucity of clinical signs and symptoms. The condition must be distinguished from urologic pathology. Celiac angiography is necessary for diagnostic confirmation. Surgical resection is advised for most patients.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1976

Neural efficiency analyzer scores of reading disabled, normally reading and academically superior children.

Usefulness, under field-testing conditions, of one version of a Neural Efficiency Analygated. The equipment was said to measure efficiency of information processing as reflected in time between alternate EEG falling zero-crossing points. Special emphasis was placed on the difference score, a measure of right-left hemisphere "efficiency" differences. Contrary to earlier reports, no significant differences were found between such scores of groups of reading disabled, normally reading, and academically superior children. Possible reasons for the negative findings are explored.

Achievement↗