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Biomedical subjects

D Martin

Publications and source records attributed to D Martin.

At least 757 records · Page 42Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

New device for determination of cell electrophoretic mobility using doppler velocimetry.

Electrical phenomena of cell membranes may be examined by means of cell electrophoresis. Direct microscopic techniques are tedious, inaccurate and rarely reproducible. Therefore, the authors have developed a new device using Doppler velocimetry. After describing the apparatus, they propose two methods for testing treatment against electroosmosis and present the first biological applications on mixed populations of red cells.

Cell Membrane↗
PubMed1982

Clinical correlates of the TRH infusion test in primary depression.

Relationships between clinical measures, diagnosis and neuroendocrine findings were examined in a group of 25 primary depressives maintained drug free on a Neuropsychiatric Evaluation Unit. The TSH response to TRH infusion curves for unipolar and bipolar depressives were significantly different. Agitated patients but not psychomotor retarded patients demonstrated a blunted TSH response curve. No relationships were noted for cortisol hypersecretion and/or loss of diurnality and either diagnosis or psychomotor activity levels in depression. Biochemical and diagnostic implications of these findings are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Propagation of normal human epithelial cell populations using an in vivo culture system. Description and applications.

A new model using xenotransplanted human epithelia was developed for the study of toxic and carcinogenic effects of chemicals. Epithelial cells from the respiratory tract of 4 male and 3 female premature and fullterm fetuses were enzymatically removed and inoculated into deepithelialized rat tracheas. These were sealed at both ends and transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice. After 3-4 weeks, a normal mucociliary epithelium covered the tracheal lumen. At this stage the epithelial cells could be isolated again and transplanted into new denuded rat tracheas. This passaging could be repeated up to six times, each permitting an amplification factor of approximately 3. Tracheal transplants containing cells of human origin (in vivo Passages 2-4) were treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene. Hyperplasias, squamous metaplasias, and dysplasias were seen 1-8 weeks after initiation of treatment, indicating that the responses of human and rodent epithelial cells to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are similar. Initial experiments with skin and esophageal epithelia suggest that other covering epithelia could also be used in this fashion for evaluation of toxicants and carcinogens that are likely to come into contact with these tissues.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1981

Motor and cognitive interactions during lateralized cerebral functions in children: an EEG study.

Power spectra of hemispheric EEG asymmetries were recorded in children performing cognitive tasks requiring motor output. Verbal and spatial cognitive tasks were administered and subjects performed tasks with either right or left hand. The average power in the alpha band was computed. Significant changes in right/left ratios were obtained when the task changed from verbal to spatial. A major predictor of which hemisphere was most activated, however, was the hand involved in solving the task. It appears that attention must be directed to both the cognitive and motor components when investigating asymmetries of cerebral hemisphere function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Argon laser trabecular surgery in uncontrolled phakic open angle glaucoma.

Thirty-five phakic eyes from a predominantly black population with clinically uncontrolled open angle glaucoma underwent argon laser treatment to 360 degrees of the trabecular meshwork. The intraocular pressure in the untreated eye was used as a control whenever possible. The mean pressure change in the treated eye at four months showed a decrease of 10.0 mm Hg (P less than 0.001). This effect was maintained throughout the 18-month follow-up period. Thirty-four of the 35 eyes (97%) were clinically controlled with pressures averaging less than 20 mm Hg. The procedure appears to function by improving outflow facility as manifested by a statistically significant increase in outflow for six months post-treatment. The major complication was the formation of peripheral anterior synechiae. These synechiae were localized and did not affect the success of the procedure. Argon laser trabecular surgery appears to be effective in lowering intraocular pressure with many advantages over standard filtering surgery.

Adult↗