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Biomedical subjects

D Marshall

Publications and source records attributed to D Marshall.

175 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

Empiric therapy with amphotericin B in febrile granulocytopenic patients.

The early diagnosis of invasive fungal infection in granulocytopenic patients remains unreliable. Granulocytopenic patients who are persistently or recurrently febrile despite therapy with appropriate antibacterial agents are at high risk for the development of such infection. Two randomized clinical trials demonstrated that the empiric administration of amphotericin B to persistently or recurrently febrile granulocytopenic patients decreased the frequency, morbidity, and mortality of invasive fungal infection; these effects were especially marked in profoundly granulocytopenic patients who were not receiving antifungal prophylaxis. Current studies continue to indicate that prompt empiric administration of amphotericin B to persistently or recurrently febrile granulocytopenic patients ensures earlier treatment of deep mycoses. The roles of newer antifungal triazole compounds and of liposomal and lipid complexes of amphotericin B in empiric antifungal therapy must be investigated further in thoughtfully designed, randomized clinical trials.

Agranulocytosis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Compression therapy in leg ulcer management.

Leg ulcer management is an important consideration for all nurses involved in the care of older people. Non-specialists in tissue viability might not always be aware of the evidence base for best practice. The authors examine the effectiveness of multilayer and single-layer long- or short-stretch bandage systems in leg ulcer management.

Bandages↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Acute myocardial infarction: contemporary risk and management in older versus younger patients.

The in-hospital management and risk of death of 101 patients 70 years of age or older with acute myocardial infarction in 1987 (group 1) were compared with management and risk for 106 temporally matched patients less than 70 years old (group 2). In group 1, 49% had histories of previous myocardial infarction, compared to 25% in group 2 (P less than 0.001), and 23% of group 1 presented without cardiac pain, versus 7% of group 2 (P less than 0.001). Among the younger patients, other conventional risk factors were, in contrast, more common (Q wave infarction 84% in group 2 versus 70% in group 1; P less than 0.05) or higher (peak creatine kinase values 2222 iu/L in group 2 versus 1366 iu/L in group 1; P less than 0.001). Prior to infarction, all cardiac drugs were used more frequently in the older group 1 patients, whereas post infarction thrombolysis, beta-blockers and acetylsalicylic acid use were all more common (P less than 0.01 to P less than 0.001) in the younger group 2 patients. Post infarction exercise testing, left ventricular ejection fraction calculations and coronary angiography were all performed less frequently in group 1 (P less than 0.001). The in-hospital mortality was 35% for group 1 versus 7% for group 2 (P less than 0.001). Among all 207 study subjects, multiple logistic regression revealed thrombolysis, absence of cardiac pain, and age 70 years or older to be associated with the greatest relative mortality risk. Increased relative risk to a lesser degree was associated with previous infarction, male sex and post infarction use of antiarrhythmic medication.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator to develop a continuing education department.

Myers-Briggs concepts are useful for understanding and managing individual and group strengths, preferences, and "blind spots." Requirements of the work to be accomplished can be matched to the strengths and preferences of the individual or group. Work groups can be selected to enhance individual strengths and to counterbalance blind spots. This article describes the experience of one hospital-based continuing education department that uses the Myers-Briggs Personality Trait Inventory to explore department members' strengths and preferences. Understanding individual preferences has helped group members to understand, anticipate, and work with one another. The ideal mix of profiles challenges and stimulates both the individual and the department. Maximizing diversity increases the potential for conflict between individuals with opposite preferences; recognizing strengths and blind spots, willingness to talk about work style differences, and a little humor all make peaceful coexistence possible.

Education, Nursing, Continuing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Eye glasses and dentures in the O.R.: the choice is yours!

Historically, patients have been required to remove their dentures and eye glasses on the pre-surgical ward before being taken to the Operating Room (OR) on the day of surgery. This descriptive study examined the choices made by patients pre-operatively regarding dentures and/or glasses, the reasons given for the choice, and the relative satisfaction with the choice post-operatively. Of the 213 patients enrolled in this study, 66% were female with an average age of 57 years. Only patients wearing eye glasses or dentures were included. Sixty-nine percent of the patients wearing glasses and 85% wearing dentures chose to wear them to the OR. When asked post-operatively about their satisfaction with their choice, 95% indicated that they were very satisfied with their choice and that it was the best decision they could possibly have made. No glasses or dentures were broken or lost during the study.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effect of alcoholic and nonalcoholic mouthwashes on heat-treated composite resin.

Studies show that mouthwashes containing alcohol soften the surface of composite resin restorations. The present study determined weight change over time in heat-treated composite resin soaked in alcohol and nonalcohol-containing mouthwashes. The results indicate that samples soaked in mouthwashes containing alcohol gained significantly more weight than samples soaked in nonalcoholic mouthwashes.

Absorption↗