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Biomedical subjects

D Marmor

Publications and source records attributed to D Marmor.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Fertility after antimitotic treatments].

Antimitotic chemotherapy and radiation therapy can induce temporary or permanent infertility in men, transitory amenorrhea or premature ovarian failure in women, and genetic mutations responsible of foetal deaths or congenital malformations in the progeny. Alkylating agents and radiotherapy can provoke definitive male infertility and ovarian failure, but individual susceptibility seems quite variable. In man, return of spermatogenesis can still be observed more than 10 years after treatment and pregnancies are obtained with very low sperm counts. In women, the progressive depletion of the follicular pool explains the increasing frequency of ovarian failure, with lower doses of treatment. Antimitotic and immunosuppressive therapy can also induce irreversible lesions in children's gonads.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

[Spermatology, a whole separate discipline].

The diagnosis of semen anomalies is mainly subjective and requires therefore extensive training. Presently, no automated technology, no recent exam has proven to be superior to the spermogram and the analysis of sperm penetration into cervical mucus for the diagnosis and prognosis of male infertility. Furthermore, the preparation of an abnormal semen for insemination or IVF requires a good experience of the different techniques and a lot of time. Even when the number of motile spermatozoa recovered reaches normal values, the pregnancy rate is always low when compared with the results obtained with a normal sperm.

Female↗
PubMed1993

[Fertility after cytostatic treatments].

Antimitotic chemotherapy and radiation therapy can induce temporary or permanent infertility in men, transitory amenorrhea or premature ovarian failure in women, and genetic mutations responsible of fetal deaths or congenital malformations in the progeny. Alkylating agents and radiotherapy can provoke definitive male infertility and ovarian failure, but individual susceptibility seems quite variable. In man, return of spermatogenesis can still be observed more than 10 years after treatment and pregnancies are obtained with very low sperm counts. In women, the progressive depletion of the follicular pool explains the increasing frequency of ovarian failure, with lower doses of treatment. Antimitotic and immunosuppressive therapy can also induce irreversible lesions in children's gonads.

Abnormalities, Drug-Induced↗
PubMed1992

Very late return of spermatogenesis after chlorambucil therapy: case reports.

Two men were treated for a nephrotic syndrome with high-dose chlorambucil therapy; 6.5 and 14 years later, respectively, both were azoospermic with high plasmatic FSH values. Both patients showed active spermatogenesis, 15 and 19 years after the end of the treatment. This suggests that a return of spermatogenesis can occur even after very high cumulative doses of chlorambucil (between 3,000 and 6,500 mg) and after a very long time.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Male infertility due to asthenozoospermia and flagellar anomaly: detection in routine semen analysis.

Major monomorphous teratozoospermia, due to sperm tail structural anomalies, were detected in 42 out of 4231 infertile patients during routine semen analysis. The flagella were very short or absent in 16 cases, shortened with thickness irregularity in 18 cases, and of normal length with diameter anomalies in eight cases. These syndromes were always associated with poor forward motility, while mobility and penetration into human cervical mucus were sometimes impaired only partially. With good sperm smears and an experienced observer, the diagnosis could be made without the need for electron microscopic analysis. All the affected patients were sterile and several syndromes could have been transmitted genetically.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

[Flagellar anomalies in routine spermatozoa cytograms].

In routine semen morphological analysis, flagellar abnormalities are often neglected. Four flagellar anomalies (absent, short, coiled and duplicated) are included in the French usual classification proposed by G. David et al. The present paper describes two new flagellar anomalies (thick and irregular) which are present in about 5% of spermatozoa in subfertile patients. These anomalies should be included in the morphological classification: first, chances of pregnancy are only correlated with precise morphological analysis. Furthermore, some infertile patients have severe asthenospermia due to flagellar anomalies which can be easily detected in routine semen analysis using this flagellar anomaly classification.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Semen analysis in Hodgkin's disease before the onset of treatment.

A spermogram was performed before treatment in 57 young patients with Hodgkin's disease. The mean results were normal, and similar to those reported in fertile populations. Nineteen patients had an abnormal spermogram; 12 of these men had had fever recently or were febrile at the time of the exam. When the temperature was below 38.5 degrees C, there was only asthenospermia. With a higher temperature, semen anomalies were more severe, with oligoasthenospermia or even azoospermia. Only five febrile men had a normal spermogram, and all had slight fevers. Therefore, semen anomalies noted in about one third of patients with Hodgkin's disease are probably not due to a disease specific gonadal alteration, but can be attributed to fever which gonadal effects have been recognized for a long time and are well-documented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

[Pituitary agenesis in the rat: synthesis of testosterone in fatal testes].

Testosterone radioimmunological assays were made in testes of 19th day fetuses affected with pituitary agenesis. Testosterone was found very reduced but still present, indicating a basic synthesis, independent of hypophyseal stimulation. General apparatus of affected fetuses is grossly normal. Intervention of chorionic gonadotrophin is hypothesized.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Semen analysis in subfertile balanced-translocation carriers.

The spermograms of 19 subfertile translocation carriers were analyzed. Most of these men had moderate oligo-/astheno-/teratospermia. The results were widely spread, and some reached normal values, suggesting that autosomal rearrangement of the karyotype does not lead to severe oligospermia or azoospermia as do sex chromosome aberrations. No statistically significant differences in sperm count, motility, or morphology were found when semen analysis results of subfertile balanced-translocation carriers were compared with those of subfertile men with normal karyotypes. Since semen analysis alone is insufficient to allow prediction of an autosomal rearrangement of the karyotype, chromosome analysis should become a part of the routine investigation of subfertile men. The association between translocation heterozygosity and reduced fertility in men cannot be easily explained. The possible reasons underlying impaired spermatogenesis in some translocation carriers are discussed in relation to meiotic findings in animals.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

["In vitro" glass fiber filtration of sperm (author's transl)].

Filtering sperm through glass fiber has been suggested as a method for improving its fecundity before homologous artificial insemination. Various technical modification of this procedure have enabled good results to be obtained on spermatozoid mobility but at the expense of a marked drop in numbers: sperm counts per ml are diminished by a half. A comparative in vitro study of the penetration of filtered and non-filtered sperm into the cervical mucus showed that glass fiber filtration produced generally no great improvement, and may indeed reduce penetration into the cervical mucus to a marked degree in some cases.

Cervix Mucus↗
PubMed1978

A case of ring Y chromosome.

Ring Y chromosome 45,X/46,X,r(Y) was identified by fluorescence in a child with ambiguous external genitalia, urogenital sinus, vagina, uterus, and Fallopian tubes. Testicular tissue was noted on gonadal biopsy.

Disorders of Sex Development↗
PubMed1978

[Balanced translocations with abnormal phenotype (author's transl)].

Four cases of balanced translocations with phenotype abnormalities are reported. Three of them are reciprocal translocation, one is a Robertsonnian translocation. The consequences of the phenomene on genetic counselling and prenatal diagnosis are discussed.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗